公开(公告)号：US06233708B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-15

申请号：US09384703

申请日：1999-08-27

Applicant: Thomas Hindelang ,  Christian Erben ,  Wen Xu

Inventor： Thomas Hindelang ,  Christian Erben ,  Wen Xu

IPC: G06F1100

CPC classification number: H04L1/201 ,  H04L1/0061 ,  H04L1/007 ,  H04L1/20

Abstract: A frame error detection method includes the steps of determining a plurality of comparison values which include a given comparison value depending on a frame energy of a given speech frame or a change in frame energy between the given speech frame and a preceding speech frame. The given speech frame is identified as a bad speech frame if a logical combination of a plurality of criteria is met. One of the criteria is based on a comparison of a threshold value with the given comparison value depending on the frame energy or the change in frame energy. A device for frame error detection and a receiver including the device for frame error detection are also provided.

Abstract translation: 帧错误检测方法包括以下步骤：根据给定语音帧的帧能量或给定语音帧与前一语音帧之间的帧能量的变化，确定包括给定比较值的多个比较值。 如果满足多个标准的逻辑组合，则给定的语音帧被识别为不良语音帧。 标准之一是基于阈值与给定的比较值的比较，取决于帧能量或帧能量的变化。 还提供了用于帧错误检测的装置和包括用于帧错误检测的装置的接收机。

公开(公告)号：US6141353A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-31

申请号：US813537

申请日：1997-03-07

Applicant: Kaiping Li

Inventor： Kaiping Li

IPC: H04B1/707 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04T3/22

CPC classification number: H04L1/20 ,  H04B1/707 ,  H04L1/0006 ,  H04L1/0025 ,  H04L1/0046 ,  H04L1/008 ,  H04L1/201 ,  H04B2201/70705

Abstract: In a synchronous fixed frame boundary system with variable data rates, a transmitter inserts into a current frame an indication of the data rate of the next frame. After the first frame is received and processed at a receiver, the variable data rates of subsequent frames are known before processing, thereby reducing processing load. Furthermore, because the rate indication is inserted into the frame to be error protected along with the rest of the frame information, reliability is high, while additional data overhead and complexity are very low. For example, North American code division multiple access (CDMA) digital cellular telephone systems and personal communication system (PCS) utilize variable data rate transmissions. As a station modem (SM) assembles a current frame for convolutional encoding and further processing, the SM inserts a rate indication for the subsequent frame in accordance with information from a vocoder and CPU of the appropriate data rate for the subsequent frame. On the receiving end, rather than needing to decode multiple times to determine the appropriate data rate for every frame, the receiving SM discovers the rate of each frame by analyzing the information contained in the immediately preceding frame. The rate determination process also includes a verification method to ensure accurate data rate determination.

Abstract translation: 在具有可变数据速率的同步固定帧边界系统中，发射机将当前帧插入到下一帧的数据速率的指示。 在接收机接收和处理第一帧之后，后续帧的可变数据速率在处理之前是已知的，从而减少处理负载。 此外，由于速率指示与帧信息的其余部分一起插入到帧中以被错误保护，所以可靠性高，而附加的数据开销和复杂度非常低。 例如，北美码分多址（CDMA）数字蜂窝电话系统和个人通信系统（PCS）利用可变数据速率传输。 由于站调制解调器（SM）组合用于卷积编码和进一步处理的当前帧，所以SM根据来自声码器和CPU的来自后续帧的适当数据速率的信息插入后续帧的速率指示。 在接收端，接收SM而不是需要多次解码以确定每帧的适当数据速率，接收SM通过分析前一帧中包含的信息来发现每帧的速率。 速率确定过程还包括确保准确的数据速率确定的验证方法。

公开(公告)号：US5960010A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-28

申请号：US850429

申请日：1997-05-02

Applicant: Christine N. Liu ,  Wilfrid P. LeBlanc ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan

Inventor： Christine N. Liu ,  Wilfrid P. LeBlanc ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan

IPC: G06F11/00 ,  G06F11/10 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L1/20

CPC classification number: H04L1/0057 ,  H04L1/0054 ,  H04L1/0059 ,  H04L1/0065 ,  H04L1/007 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H04L1/201

Abstract: An improved error detection and error concealment for Viterbi decoding of convolutionally encoded data is provided. The most sensitive part of the data is parity encoded and sent with parity and this data with the next most sensitive data are convolutionally encoded and sent with the least sensitive data over a transmission channel to a receiver. At the receiver the convolutionally encoded data is decoded using the Viterbi algorithm. The decoder compares the parity computed from decoded data with the decoded parity and if they are not equal generates a Bad Frame Indicator (BFI) flag and also determines which decoded parameters are likely bad and hence generates a Bad Parameter Indicator (BPI) flag for those parameters, by determining the confidence levels for the parameters and comparing against pre-selected thresholds. The decision to discard a decoded parameter is dependent on the BFI flag and the BPI flag of that parameter.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于卷积编码数据的维特比解码的改进的错误检测和错误隐藏。 数据的最敏感部分是奇偶编码并以奇偶校验发送，并且具有下一最敏感数据的该数据被卷积编码，并且通过传输信道将最不灵敏的数据发送到接收机。 在接收机处，使用维特比算法对卷积编码数据进行解码。 解码器将从解码数据计算的奇偶校验与解码的奇偶校验进行比较，如果它们不相等，则生成坏帧指示符（BFI）标志，并且还确定哪些解码参数可能是坏的，并因此为那些生成不良参数指示符（BPI）标志 参数，通过确定参数的置信水平并与预选阈值进行比较。 放弃解码参数的决定取决于该参数的BFI标志和BPI标志。

公开(公告)号：US5770927A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-23

申请号：US689501

申请日：1996-08-07

Applicant: Masami Abe

Inventor： Masami Abe

IPC: H03M13/00 ,  H04J3/00 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H04W52/02 ,  H04L27/06

CPC classification number: H04L1/208 ,  H04L1/0054 ,  H04L1/0057 ,  H04L1/201 ,  H04L1/0061 ,  H04W52/0216

Abstract: A discriminating circuit stores a flag designating a received radio signal as belonging to a traffic channel, a control channel, or an unidentified channel. If the flag does not indicate the traffic channel, the discriminating circuit decodes the signal and detects errors on the assumption that the signal belongs to the control channel. The detected errors include convolutional code errors, which are detected by re-encoding the decoded signal, as well as errors in other types of codes. If the flag indicates that the channel is unidentified, a counter is incremented according to the paucity or absence of errors. When the counter reaches a threshold value, the flag is set to indicate the control channel.

Abstract translation: 识别电路将指定接收到的无线电信号的标志存储为属于业务信道，控制信道或未识别信道。 如果标志不指示业务信道，鉴别电路将信号解码并且在信号属于控制信道的情况下检测错误。 检测到的错误包括卷积码错误，其通过对解码信号进行重新编码而检测，以及其他类型的代码中的错误。 如果标志指示通道不明，则计数器将根据缺少或不存在错误而增加。 当计数器达到阈值时，将该标志设置为指示控制通道。

公开(公告)号：US5097507A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-17

申请号：US455047

申请日：1989-12-22

Applicant: Richard L. Zinser ,  Steven R. Koch ,  Raymond L. Toy

Inventor： Richard L. Zinser ,  Steven R. Koch ,  Raymond L. Toy

IPC: H03M13/00 ,  G10L19/00 ,  G10L19/10 ,  H04B1/66 ,  H04B7/26 ,  H04B14/04 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L1/20

CPC classification number: G10L19/005 ,  H04B1/66 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H04L1/201 ,  G10L19/10

Abstract: Protection of a digital multi-pulse speech coder from fading pattern bit errors common in a digital mobile radio channel is accomplished with error detection techniques which are simple to implement and require no error correcting codes. A synthetic regeneration algorithm is employed which uses only the perceptually significant bits in the transmitted frame. Separate parity checksums for line spectrum pair frequency data, pitch lag data and pulse amplitude data are added to each frame of speech coder bits in the transmitter. The bits are then transmitted through a mobile environment susceptible to fading that induces bursty error patterns in the stream. At the receiving station, the parity checksum bits and speech coder bits are used to determine if an error has occurred in a particular section of the bit stream. Detected errors are flagged and supplied to the speech decoder. The speech decoder uses the error flags to modify its output signal so as to minimize perceptual artifacts in the output speech. Separate checksums are developed for subsets of line spectrum pair (LSP) coefficients and related speech data, whereby a single subset may be error-detected and replaced, rather than an entire frame.

Abstract translation: 数字多脉冲语音编码器防止数字移动无线电信道中常见的衰落模式位错误的保护是通过易于实现的错误检测技术实现的，并且不需要纠错码。 采用合成再生算法，其仅使用传输帧中的感知有效位。 将线谱对频率数据，音调滞后数据和脉冲幅度数据的独立奇偶校验和添加到发送器中的每个语音编码器位。 然后，这些位通过易于衰落的移动环境传输，从而在流中引起突发错误模式。 在接收站，使用奇偶校验和比特和语音编码器比特来确定比特流的特定部分中是否发生错误。 检测到的错误被标记并提供给语音解码器。 语音解码器使用错误标志来修改其输出信号，以便最小化输出语音中的感知伪像。 针对线谱对（LSP）系数和相关语音数据的子集开发了单独的校验和，由此可以对单个子集进行错误检测和替换，而不是整个帧。

公开(公告)号：US20240348485A1

公开(公告)日：2024-10-17

申请号：US18754078

申请日：2024-06-25

Applicant: David E. Newman ,  R. Kemp Massengill

Inventor： David E. Newman ,  R. Kemp Massengill

IPC: H04L27/26 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L1/08 ,  H04L1/1607 ,  H04L1/1809 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H04L27/02 ,  H04L27/34 ,  H04L27/36 ,  H04W28/04

CPC classification number: H04L27/2691 ,  H04L1/0003 ,  H04L1/0019 ,  H04L1/0045 ,  H04L1/0047 ,  H04L1/0061 ,  H04L1/08 ,  H04L1/1607 ,  H04L1/1809 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H04L1/201 ,  H04L1/206 ,  H04L27/02 ,  H04L27/2614 ,  H04L27/34 ,  H04L27/364 ,  H04W28/04

Abstract: In 5G-Advanced, and especially 6G, message faulting is expected to be a major impediment due to phase noise and increased pathloss attenuation, as well as network crowding. Therefore, new procedures are disclosed enabling the receiver to identify and correct message faults without a retransmission and without using bulky FEC (forward error correction) bits. For example, the receiver can measure the “distance” of each received message element from the nearest modulation state, and thereby quantify the modulation quality, or suspiciousness, of each message element. To correct the message, the worst-modulated ones can be altered first, generally selecting the next-closest states since small distortions are more likely than large distortions. The result: rapid message recovery, internal to the receiver processor, without adding to the message size or the latency.

公开(公告)号：US20240348484A1

公开(公告)日：2024-10-17

申请号：US18751270

申请日：2024-06-23

Applicant: David E. Newman ,  R. Kemp Massengill

Inventor： David E. Newman ,  R. Kemp Massengill

IPC: H04L27/26 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L1/08 ,  H04L1/1607 ,  H04L1/1809 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H04L27/02 ,  H04L27/34 ,  H04L27/36 ,  H04W28/04

CPC classification number: H04L27/2691 ,  H04L1/0003 ,  H04L1/0019 ,  H04L1/0045 ,  H04L1/0047 ,  H04L1/0061 ,  H04L1/08 ,  H04L1/1607 ,  H04L1/1809 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H04L1/201 ,  H04L1/206 ,  H04L27/02 ,  H04L27/2614 ,  H04L27/34 ,  H04L27/364 ,  H04W28/04

Abstract: In 5G-Advanced and especially 6G, a primary concern is the increase in message faulting due to higher pathloss and phase noise at FR2 frequencies. Current methods for dealing with faults include packing the message with bulky error-correction (FEC) bits which are often ineffective, or automatically requesting a costly retransmission. As a substantially better alternative, the receiver may identify the specific fault locations and attempt an immediate repair by testing the modulation quality of each message element. For example, for a QAM-modulated message, the receiver can measure the I and Q branch deviations relative to predetermined levels, and the message element(s) with largest deviations is/are likely faulted. Alternatively, if the message is advantageously modulated according to the waveform amplitude and phase, the receiver can determine the amplitude and phase deviations relative to predetermined values. An AI model can greatly assist in the fault localization and in finding the corrected values.

公开(公告)号：US12047220B2

公开(公告)日：2024-07-23

申请号：US18199399

申请日：2023-05-19

Applicant: David E. Newman ,  R. Kemp Massengill

Inventor： David E. Newman ,  R. Kemp Massengill

IPC: H04L1/00 ,  H04L1/08 ,  H04L1/1607 ,  H04L1/1809 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H04L27/02 ,  H04L27/26 ,  H04L27/34 ,  H04L27/36 ,  H04W28/04

CPC classification number: H04L27/2691 ,  H04L1/0003 ,  H04L1/0019 ,  H04L1/0045 ,  H04L1/0047 ,  H04L1/0061 ,  H04L1/08 ,  H04L1/1607 ,  H04L1/1809 ,  H04L1/20 ,  H04L1/201 ,  H04L1/206 ,  H04L27/02 ,  H04L27/2614 ,  H04L27/34 ,  H04L27/364 ,  H04W28/04

Abstract: A central challenge in next-generation 5G/6G networks is achieving high message reliability despite very dense usage and unavoidable signal fading at high frequencies. To provide enhanced fault detection, localization, and mitigation, the disclosed procedures can enable an AI model (or an algorithm derived from it) to discriminate between faulted and unfaulted message elements according to signal quality, modulation parameters, and other inputs. The AI model can estimate the likelihood that each message element is faulted, and predict the most probable corrected value, among other outputs. The AI model can also consider the quality of a demodulation reference used to demodulate the message, and the quality of the associated error-detection code. The AI model can also consider previously received messages to the same receiver, or messages of a similar type. Fault mitigation by the receiver can save substantial time and resources by avoiding a retransmission. Many other aspects are disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US20240080144A1

公开(公告)日：2024-03-07

申请号：US18499998

申请日：2023-11-01

Applicant: David E. Newman ,  R. Kemp Massengill

Inventor： David E. Newman ,  R. Kemp Massengill

IPC: H04L1/20

CPC classification number: H04L1/206 ,  H04L1/201

Abstract: Corrupted messages in 5G and 6G are usually discarded, leading to a retransmission with its added costs, delays, and background generation. Therefore, disclosed herein are methods for a wireless receiver to determine which message elements are faulted, and in many cases to correct them, based on parameters of the waveform signal in each message element. Multiple parameters may be combined for better sensitivity to the fault condition. For example, the indicator parameters may be the modulation deviation of each message element, its amplitude or phase noise level, characteristic interference patterns between symbol-times, a polarization anomaly, a frequency offset, or combinations of these. After localizing the likely faulted message elements, the receiver may be able to recover the message by correcting the waveform signal or the demodulation value, thereby saving time and energy at near zero cost.

公开(公告)号：US11909538B2

公开(公告)日：2024-02-20

申请号：US17451225

申请日：2021-10-18

Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

Inventor： Jacob Pick ,  Assaf Touboul ,  Shay Landis ,  Shlomit Shaked ,  Michael Levitsky ,  Daniel Paz

IPC: H04L1/20 ,  H04L1/00 ,  H04L5/00

CPC classification number: H04L1/201 ,  H04L1/0054 ,  H04L1/0061 ,  H04L5/0055

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive a transport block (TB), the receiving the TB including performing log likelihood ratio (LLR) calculations on one or more parts of the TB based at least in part on a determination that the TB is likely to fail a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). The UE may transmit an indication of the one or more parts of the TB for which the UE performed LLR calculations. Numerous other aspects are described.