公开(公告)号：US06303017B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-16

申请号：US09377920

申请日：1999-08-20

Applicant: Christopher L. Page ,  George Sergi

Inventor： Christopher L. Page ,  George Sergi

IPC: C23F1300

CPC classification number: C23F13/02 ,  C23F2201/02

Abstract: Reinforcement in concrete is cathodically protected by galvanically connecting a sacrificial anode, such as a zinc or zinc alloy anode, to the reinforcement, and contacting the anode with an electrolyte solution having a pH which is maintained sufficiently high for corrosion of the anode to occur, and for passive film formation on the anode to be avoided. The pH of the electrolyte is preferably at least 0.2 units, and preferably from 0.5 units to more than 1.0 units, above the pH value at which passivity of the anode would occur. The electrolyte may be for example sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide but is preferably lithium hydroxide which also acts as an alkali-silica reaction inhibitor.

Abstract translation: 通过将牺牲阳极（例如锌或锌合金阳极）电镀连接到加强件上并使阳极与电解液接触，阴极保护混凝土中的增强物，所述电解质溶液的pH保持足够高以使阳极腐蚀发生， 并且在阳极上形成钝化膜以避免。 电解质的pH优选为高于发生阳极无源的pH值的0.2单位，优选为0.5单位至大于1.0单位。 电解质可以是例如氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾，但优选也用作碱 - 二氧化硅反应抑制剂的氢氧化锂。

公开(公告)号：US20010025794A1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-04

申请号：US09774059

申请日：2001-01-31

Inventor： Adrien Castegnier ,  Guy Castegnier

IPC: C25D001/12 ,  C25D017/00

CPC classification number: B41C1/105 ,  B42F7/08 ,  C23F2201/02 ,  Y10S101/29

Abstract: An image is reproduced and transferred onto a substrate by (a) providing a positive electrode having a continuous passivated surface moving at constant speed; (b) forming on the positive electrode surface dots of colored, coagulated colloid representative of a desired image, by electrocoagulation of a colloid present in an electrocoagulation printing ink; and (c) bringing a substrate into contact with the dots of colloid to cause transfer of same onto the substrate. Step (b) is carried out by providing a series of negative electrodes having passivated surfaces spaced from the positive electrode surface by a constant gap; coating the positive electrode surface with an olefin; filling the electrode gap with the ink; applying to the negative electrodes a pulsed bias voltage; and applying to selected ones of the negative electrodes a trigger voltage sufficient to cause point-by-point selective coagulation and adherence of the colloid onto the olefin-coated positive electrode surface.

Abstract translation: 通过（a）提供具有以恒定速度移动的连续钝化表面的正极，再现图像并将其转印到基板上; （b）在正电极表面上形成代表所需图像的着色凝固胶体的点，通过电凝凝在电凝油墨中存在的胶体; 和（c）使基底与胶体点接触以使其转移到基底上。 步骤（b）通过以一定的间隙提供具有与正电极表面间隔开的钝化表面的一系列负电极来进行; 用烯烃涂覆正极表面; 用墨填充电极间隙; 向负极施加脉冲偏压; 并且对选定的负极施加足以引起点对点选择性凝结的触发电压，并将胶体粘附到涂有烯烃的正电极表面上。

公开(公告)号：US6027633A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-22

申请号：US153900

申请日：1998-09-16

Applicant: David W. Whitmore

Inventor： David W. Whitmore

IPC: C04B41/53 ,  C23F13/00

CPC classification number: C04B41/5376 ,  C04B41/009 ,  C04B41/72 ,  C23F2201/02

Abstract: An electrolytic restoration of concrete includes an anode positioned at a surface of the concrete to be restored and the communication of a current from the anode to the reinforcing bars in the concrete as a cathode. The anode is in the presence of or carries an electrolyte so that sufficient current is provided temporarily over a sufficient period of time so that ions from the concrete are carried through the concrete and expelled into the electrolyte for extraction. The anode is provided by layer of conductive material which is particulate or fibrous so that it is an amorphous layer which can therefore follow the surface of the concrete. In a horizontal arrangement, the layer can be applied directly onto a felt mat for carrying electrolyte. In a vertical orientation an initial layer of chopped cellulose is wetted and applied onto the vertical surface followed by the same layer carrying carbon powder so that the layer is conductive and forms the anode when connected to metal connector plates buried in the anode layer.

Abstract translation: 混凝土的电解修复体包括位于要恢复的混凝土的表面的阳极和作为阴极的电流从混合物中的阳极到钢筋的连通。 阳极存在或携带电解质，以便在足够的时间内临时提供足够的电流，使得来自混凝土的离子被运送通过混凝土并排出到电解质中用于萃取。 阳极由导电材料层提供，其是颗粒状或纤维状的，使得其是非结晶层，因此可以跟随混凝土的表面。 在水平布置中，该层可以直接施加到用于承载电解质的毡垫上。 在垂直方向上，将初始切碎的纤维素层浸湿并施加到垂直表面上，随后是携带碳粉末的相同层，使得当连接到埋在阳极层中的金属连接器板时，该层是导电的并形成阳极。

公开(公告)号：US5609748A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-11

申请号：US454622

申请日：1995-05-31

Applicant: Stephan Kotowski ,  Reinhard Bedel ,  Bernd Busse

Inventor： Stephan Kotowski ,  Reinhard Bedel ,  Bernd Busse

IPC: C23F13/02 ,  C23F13/00

CPC classification number: C23F13/06 ,  C23F13/02 ,  C23F13/18 ,  C23F2201/02

Abstract: For cathodic protection against corrosion of steel reinforcements in reinforced steel constructions, a prefabricated anode is provided which has a core of titanium expanded metal provided with an activation layer and with a cement-containing ion-conductive jacket; the prefabricated anode is immovably secured to the reinforced concrete construction in an ion-conductive bond; after that, the reinforcement of the concrete construction and the core of the anode are connected to the poles of a direct voltage source.

Abstract translation: 为了防止钢筋混凝土结构钢筋锈蚀的阴极保护，提供了一种预制阳极，其具有提供活化层的钛多孔金属芯和含有水泥的离子导电护套; 预制阳极以离子传导键固定在钢筋混凝土结构上; 之后，混凝土结构的加强和阳极的芯连接到直流电压源的极点。

公开(公告)号：US5584981A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-17

申请号：US426978

申请日：1995-04-24

Applicant: Andrew D. Turner ,  Christopher P. Jones ,  Mark D. Neville ,  Michael R. H. Hill

Inventor： Andrew D. Turner ,  Christopher P. Jones ,  Mark D. Neville ,  Michael R. H. Hill

IPC: B01D61/46 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F1/62 ,  C25C1/00

CPC classification number: B01D61/485 ,  B01D61/48 ,  B01J47/08 ,  C02F1/4691 ,  C02F1/4695 ,  C02F1/62 ,  B01D2311/2626 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/4604 ,  C02F2001/46133 ,  C02F2001/46138 ,  C02F2101/103 ,  C02F2101/163 ,  C02F2103/40 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C23F2201/02

Abstract: An electrochemical cell (50) for deionizsation utilizes electrochemical ion-exchange to remove ions from a feed solution. Under the influence of an electric field, ions are adsorbed into, are scored within and pass through a permeable layer (54, 64) of particulate ion-absorbing material and binder, the sheet being several millimeters thick. Water from the feed solution also permeates through the layer (54, 64), so a concentrated solution of the ions emerges from the rear (58) of the layer. The cell does not require separate sources of feed and eluant solutions and can be operated substantially continuously. In a modified cell (70) the flow path for the feed solution passes through a highly porous ion exchanger structure (77), which may be located between two such microporous layers (54, 64). Absorption in such a cell may be effective in the absence of an electric field, elution requiring the periodic application of the electric field.

Abstract translation: 用于去离子的电化学电池（50）利用电化学离子交换来从进料溶液中除去离子。 在电场的影响下，离子吸附进入，并通过颗粒状离子吸收材料和粘结剂的渗透层（54,64）进行刻痕，该片材的厚度为几毫米。 来自进料溶液的水也渗透通过层（54,64），因此离子的浓缩溶液从层的后部（58）出现。 电池不需要单独的进料和洗脱液来源，并且可以基本连续地操作。 在改性细胞（70）中，进料溶液的流动路径通过高度多孔的离子交换结构（77），其可位于两个这样的微孔层（54,64）之间。 这种电池中的吸收在不存在电场的情况下可能是有效的，需要定期施加电场的洗脱。

公开(公告)号：US5312526A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-17

申请号：US121962

申请日：1993-09-15

Applicant: John B. Miller

Inventor： John B. Miller

IPC: B28B23/04 ,  C04B41/45 ,  E04C5/01 ,  C23F13/00

CPC classification number: C04B41/4564 ,  B28B23/04 ,  E04C5/01 ,  C23F2201/02

Abstract: A process for adjusting the steel-to-concrete bond strength in a hardened concrete structure having embedded steel elements. A source of DC voltage, preferably in the range of 5-40 volts, is connected at its negative side to the embedded steel and at its positive side to an external distributed electrode formed on the surface of the concrete structure. The external electrode may, for example, be a self-adherent electrolytic mass of moist pulp fiber, a conductive coating, or the like. Application of voltage to the structure and the resulting current flow between embedded steel and the external electrode, initially results in a progressive reduction in the steel-to-concrete bond strength. This can be particularly useful in connection with pre-tensioned or post-tensioned structures. Continued application of the voltage results in a progressive increase in bond strength, ultimately reaching a maximum strength significantly above initial values. This is useful in reinforced concrete structures, to improve the bond between the concrete and the reinforcing steel. By reference to pre-established database values, the process may be easily controlled to realize targeted modifications in bond strength. Significant improvement can also be achieved in the sealing of the interface between steel and concrete, to prevent seepage of contaminating liquids or gases along the interface.

Abstract translation: 一种用于调整具有嵌入钢元件的硬化混凝土结构中的钢 - 混凝土结合强度的方法。 直流电压源，优选在5-40伏特的范围内，其负侧连接到嵌入式钢，并且其正侧连接到形成在混凝土结构表面上的外部分布电极。 外部电极可以例如是湿纸浆纤维，导电涂层等的自粘电解质。 施加电压到结构和所产生的电流在嵌入式钢和外部电极之间，最初导致钢 - 混凝土结合强度逐渐降低。 这可以特别适用于预张紧或后张紧结构。 电压的持续施加导致粘结强度逐渐增加，最终达到明显高于初始值的最大强度。 这在钢筋混凝土结构中是有用的，以改善混凝土和钢筋之间的粘结。 通过参考预先建立的数据库值，可以容易地控制该过程以实现粘合强度的目标修改。 在钢和混凝土之间的界面的密封中也可以实现显着的改进，以防止沿着界面的污染液体或气体渗出。

公开(公告)号：US5098543A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-24

申请号：US701717

申请日：1991-05-17

Applicant: John E. Bennett ,  Rodney G. Powers ,  Barry L. Martin

Inventor： John E. Bennett ,  Rodney G. Powers ,  Barry L. Martin

IPC: C23F13/02 ,  C25B11/03 ,  C25C7/02

CPC classification number: C23F13/02 ,  C25B11/03 ,  C25C7/02 ,  C23F2201/02

Abstract: A catalytically-coated valve metal reference electrode is used to measure the potential of reinforcing members in concrete in a system to cathodically protect the same.

Abstract translation: 催化涂覆的阀金属参考电极用于测量系统中混凝土中的增强构件的电位，以对其进行阴极保护。

公开(公告)号：US4931156A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-05

申请号：US601932

申请日：1984-04-19

Applicant: James P. Dowd ,  Charles C. Boyer ,  Gary W. Gardner

Inventor： James P. Dowd ,  Charles C. Boyer ,  Gary W. Gardner

IPC: C23F13/02

CPC classification number: C23F13/02 ,  C23F2201/02

Abstract: Cathodic protection to prevent corrosion of embedded steel, e.g. reinforcing rods in concrete, is obtained by applying a graphite-alkyl methacrylate composition to the exterior of the concrete.

Abstract translation: 阴极保护以防止嵌入钢的腐蚀，例如 通过将石墨 - 甲基丙烯酸烷基酯组合物施加到混凝土的外部获得混凝土中的增强棒。

公开(公告)号：US4900410A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-13

申请号：US855550

申请日：1986-04-29

Applicant: John E. Bennett ,  Gerald R. Pohto ,  Thomas A. Mitchell

Inventor： John E. Bennett ,  Gerald R. Pohto ,  Thomas A. Mitchell

IPC: C23F13/02 ,  C25B11/03 ,  C25C7/02

CPC classification number: C23F13/16 ,  C25B11/03 ,  C25C7/02 ,  C23F2201/02

Abstract: A method of installing a coated valve metal electrode as impressed-current anode in a cathodic protection system for a steel-reinforced concrete structure comprises providing a roll of coated valve metal mesh, unrolling the mesh and installing it in conformity with the structure, fixing the mesh to the structure and embedding the mesh in an ion-conductive overlay. The mesh is a highly expanded valve metal sheet providing multiple current paths and therefore enhanced redundancy. Current distributor strips can be welded to the mesh after unrolling.

Abstract translation: 将用于钢筋混凝土结构的阴极保护系统中的涂覆阀金属电极作为外加电流阳极安装的方法包括提供一卷涂覆的阀金属网，展开网格并将其安装成符合该结构，固定 网格化到结构，并将网格嵌入离子传导覆盖层。 网格是一种高度扩展的阀金属板，提供多个电流路径，因此增强了冗余。 展开后，现有的分配器条可以焊接到网状物上。

公开(公告)号：US4880517A

公开(公告)日：1989-11-14

申请号：US57592

申请日：1987-06-02

Applicant: John E. Bennett ,  Donald S. Novak ,  Thomas A. Mitchell

Inventor： John E. Bennett ,  Donald S. Novak ,  Thomas A. Mitchell

IPC: C23F13/02

CPC classification number: C23F13/02 ,  C23F2201/02

Abstract: A catalytic polymer electrode compries a current conducting polymer body forming an electrode base which is provided with catalytic valve metal particles fixed to its surface. A current conducting body of carbon filled thermoplastic polymer is heated to soften its outer surface, and the catalytic valve metal particles are pressed onto its softened surface and thereby attached to the surface of the polymer body. Such a catalytic polymer electrode used as an anode in an impressed-current cathodic protection system comprises a catalyst to provide a reduced oxygen potential. Such catalytic polymer anodes may be applied in systems for impressed current cathodic protection of reinforced concrete structures, such as bridge decks, support members, parking garages, or of buried or submerged steel structrues such as gas and oil pipelines, offshore production platforms, fuel storage tanks, well casings.

Abstract translation: 催化聚合物电极组合形成电极基体的导电聚合物主体，其设置有固定在其表面上的催化阀金属颗粒。 加热碳填充的热塑性聚合物的导电体以软化其外表面，并将催化阀金属颗粒压在其软化表面上，从而附着到聚合物体的表面。 这种在外加阴极保护系统中用作阳极的催化聚合物电极包括提供降低的氧势的催化剂。 这种催化聚合物阳极可以应用于钢筋混凝土结构（如桥面板，支撑构件，停车库）或埋设或浸没的钢结构体（如瓦斯和石油管道），海上生产平台，燃料储存室 坦克，井套。