Abstract:
An apparatus for mitigation of packet delay variation, PDV, in a packet-based network, comprising an ingress port to receive event messages, each message being timestamped with a local ingress timestamp at the instant of reception of the message using a local internal clock; an extraction unit to extract a timestamp embedded in the received message; a computation unit to calculate a time offset between the extracted embedded timestamp and the local ingress timestamp of the received event message to record the calculated time offset as a maximum observed delay, if the calculated time offset exceeds a previously recorded maximum observed delay, the computation unit adjusting an internal transmission delay time before onward transmission of the event message from an egress port depending on a time difference between recorded maximum observed delay and calculated time offset of the event message to minimize the packet delay variation, PDV, at the egress port.
Abstract:
A method for traffic engineering on an optical transport network, OTN, comprising network elements implementing asymmetric OTN switches, said method comprising discovering by each network element of said network ODUk containers available on each of locally terminated traffic engineering, TE, links and identifying the switching limitations of the discovered ODUk containers with respect to how said ODUk containers are switchable onto the ODUk containers available on other locally terminated TE links; identifying by said network element groups of ODUk containers available on a given TE link exhibiting identical switching limitations; negotiating by said network element with its neighboring network elements properties of to be advertised child TE links each associated with a separate ODUk group; and advertising by said network element for each identified group of ODUk containers a separate child TE link parallel to the original parent TE link, wherein each advertised child TE link indicates the total number of available ODUk containers within the respective ODUk group along with the identified switching limitations exhibited by the ODUk containers of said ODUk group and wherein the re-advertised parent TE link indicates the number of available ODUk containers reduced to account for the ODUk containers associated with the separately advertised child TE links.
Abstract:
A method for tuning a tunable optical transmitter to a target wavelength includes applying at least one tuning signal to the tunable optical transmitter to control the tunable optical transmitter to create an optical calibration signal according to nominal tuning information for the tunable optical transmitter. The optical calibration signal has a wavelength lying within a secure wavelength range, and the nominal tuning information is based on a nominal wavelength dependency for the tunable optical transmitter. The method also includes measuring a deviation between an actual wavelength dependency of the tunable optical transmitter and the nominal wavelength dependency, and determining calibration information based on that deviation. The calibration information is applied to determine a corrected nominal wavelength dependency from which target tuning information is determined. The tunable optical transmitter is controlled to create an optical channel signal according to the target tuning information.
Abstract:
A hybrid wavelength division multiplexing system wherein one or more intensity modulated signals generated by optical amplitude modulators are co-propagated with one or more phase modulated signals generated by optical phase modulators, wherein a drive voltage of said optical amplitude modulator is adapted to reduce an extinction ratio of the intensity modulated signal to minimize a cross-phase modulation impact on the co-propagating phase modulated signals.
Abstract:
An apparatus comprising high speed ports connected via an integrated high speed serial switch fabric and serializer/deserializer circuits to an internal processing logic, wherein said high speed serial switch fabric is adapted to switch a serial reception signal received by a high speed port to at least one other high speed port of said apparatus and/or to the serializer/deserializer circuit of the receiving high speed port.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an optical network element, particularly an optical line terminal, OLT, for transmitting and receiving signals wire an optical network that comprises at least one optical fiber link and at least one further optical network element. The optical network element provides a primary optical pumping mean for emitting optical pump power to set at least one optical fiber link. The emitted optical pump power forms at least one gain medium outside the optical network element to provide optical pump power to the network for amplifying the singles to receive so that outside of the domain of the optical network element no electrical energy supply is needed.
Abstract:
A hybrid wavelength division multiplexing system wherein one or more intensity modulated signals generated by optical amplitude modulators are co-propagated with one or more phase modulated signals generated by optical phase modulators, wherein a drive voltage of said optical amplitude modulator is adapted to reduce an extinction ratio of the intensity modulated signal to minimize a cross-phase modulation impact on the co-propagating phase modulated signals.
Abstract:
A passive optical network comprises at least two optical line terminals (OLTs), a remote node (RN), and a plurality of optical node units (ONUs). Each OLT has a WDM working port, the RN has a number M WDM ports and a number N distribution ports, and each ONU has a communication port. Each OLT WDM working port is connected to a dedicated RN WDM port by a respective working feeder fiber, and each ONU communication port is connected to a dedicated RN distribution port by a respective distribution fiber. The RN comprises a passive optical filter device having a spectral and spatial filter property of an M×N arrayed waveguide grating and defining the M WDM ports and the N distribution ports. Each OLT communicates to a respective ONU using optical channel signals at a downstream wavelength defined by the passive optical filter device making up the RN.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for transmitting a binary digital transmit signal over an optical transmission link. The method includes the steps of creating a differential optical duobinary signal (SdODB(t)), supplying the differential optical duobinary signal SdODB(t)) to a first end of the optical transmission link, transmitting the differential optical duobinary signal SdODB(t)) to a second end of the optical transmission link, and receiving the differential optical duobinary signal SdODB(t)) as receive signal (SRX(t)) at the second end of the optical transmission link by detecting the optical power of the differential optical duobinary signal SdODB(t)) and creating a binary digital receive signal (SbRX(t)) corresponding to the binary digital transmit signal (SbTX(t)) by decoding the receive signal (SRX(t)). The differential optical duobinary signal SdODB(t)) may be created by pre-coding the binary digital transmit signal (SbTX(t)) having a given bit interval (T) into an intermediate pre-coded digital signal (Spi(t)), the pre-coding operation being identical with or equivalent to applying a non-XOR operation to the binary digital transmit signal (SbTX(t)) and the intermediate pre-coded digital signal delayed by a single bit interval (Spi(t−T)), again pre-coding the intermediate pre-coded digital signal (Spi(t)) into a pre-coded digital signal (Sp(t)), this second pre-coding operation being identical with or equivalent to applying a non-XOR operation to the intermediate pre-coded digital signal (Spi(t)) and the pre-coded digital signal delayed by a single bit interval (Sp(t−T)), duobinary encoding the pre-coded signal (Sp(t)) into a differential duobinary signal (SdDB(t)), and modulating an optical light source of an optical modulator device (15) having the predetermined optical wavelength using the differential duobinary signal (SdDB(t)) as modulate signal. Alternatively, the differential optical duobinary signal SdODB(t)) may be created by directly pre-coding the binary digital transmit signal (SbTX(t)) into the pre-coded digital signal (Sp,alt(t)), the pre-coding operation being identical with or equivalent to applying a non-XOR operation to the binary digital transmit signal (SbTX(t)) and the pre-coded digital signal delayed by twice the bit interval (Sp,alt(t−2T)), duobinary encoding the pre-coded signal (Sp,alt(t)) into the differential duobinary signal (SdDB(t)), and modulating the optical light source of the optical modulator device (15) using the differential duobinary signal (SdDB(t)) as modulate signal. Further, the invention relates to a transmitter device (1) and a receiver device (17, 17′) for realizing the transmission method according to the invention.
Abstract:
Arrangement for transmitting an optical digital WDM signal over an optical transmission link or a passive optical network, the signal (SWDM) including N optical channels matching a given optical frequency grid. The scheme includes supplying the WDM signal (SWDM) to a near end of the optical transmission link or a near end of the passive optical network; receiving the WDM signal (SWDM) at a far end of the optical transmission link or at one or more far ends of the passive optical network; separating the optical channel signals (si(t)) by splitting and bandpass filtering the WDM signal (SWDM) received; and converting the optical channel signals (si(t)) into electrical channel signals using direct optical detection. The signal (SWDM) is created such that neighboring channel signals (si(t)) are orthogonally polarized and are conditioned with specific pre-distortion.