公开(公告)号：US20180069295A1

公开(公告)日：2018-03-08

申请号：US15255770

申请日：2016-09-02

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Liang Han ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Thomas E. Biedka

IPC: H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q7/00 ,  H04W52/36 ,  H01Q1/48

CPC classification number: H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q1/245 ,  H01Q5/328 ,  H01Q5/371 ,  H01Q9/42 ,  H04W52/367 ,  H04W52/42

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry that includes an antenna. Control circuitry may perform closed loop tuning adjustments on the antenna. For example, the control circuitry may adjust a tunable component to tune the antenna to a first tuning setting. The control circuitry may gather impedance values from the antenna while tuned to the first tuning setting and may process the impedance values to determine whether to tune the antenna to a second tuning setting. If the impedance values lie within a predetermined complex impedance region, the control circuitry may tune the antenna to the second setting. If the impedance values lie outside of the region, the control circuitry may continue to gather impedance values using the first setting. These operations may compensate for detuning of the antenna due to proximity of a user regardless of how the electronic device is held during operation.

公开(公告)号：US09893755B2

公开(公告)日：2018-02-13

申请号：US14737394

申请日：2015-06-11

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Matthew A. Mow ,  Robert W. Schlub ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Robert J. Hill ,  Ruben Caballero

IPC: H01Q9/00 ,  H04B1/40 ,  H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q1/48 ,  H01Q7/00 ,  H01Q9/04 ,  H01Q9/14 ,  H01Q13/10

CPC classification number: H04B1/40 ,  H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q1/48 ,  H01Q7/005 ,  H01Q9/0421 ,  H01Q9/0442 ,  H01Q9/145 ,  H01Q13/103

Abstract: An electronic device has wireless communications circuitry including an adjustable antenna system coupled to a radio-frequency transceiver. The adjustable antenna system may include one or more adjustable electrical components that are controlled by storage and processing circuitry in the electronic device. The adjustable electrical components may include switches and components that can be adjusted between numerous different states. The adjustable electrical components may be coupled between antenna system components such as transmission line elements, matching network elements, antenna elements and antenna feeds. By adjusting the adjustable electrical components, the storage and processing circuitry can tune the adjustable antenna system to ensure that the adjustable antenna system covers communications bands of interest.

公开(公告)号：US20170309991A1

公开(公告)日：2017-10-26

申请号：US15138684

申请日：2016-04-26

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Basim Noori ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  Boon Wai Shiu ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Yuehui Ouyang ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ruben Caballero

IPC: H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q15/14 ,  H01Q5/49

CPC classification number: H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q1/2258 ,  H01Q1/2266 ,  H01Q1/241 ,  H01Q1/242 ,  H01Q1/42 ,  H01Q5/49 ,  H01Q15/14 ,  H01Q19/30 ,  H01Q21/28

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include one or more antennas. The antennas may include phased antenna arrays each of which includes multiple antenna elements. Phased antenna arrays may be formed from printed circuit board Yagi antennas or other antennas. A millimeter wave transceiver may use the antennas to transmit and receive wireless signals. The antennas may be mounted at the corners of an electronic device housing or elsewhere in an electronic device. An electronic device housing may be formed from metal and may have an opening filled with dielectric. The antennas may be aligned with portions of the dielectric. Printed circuit board antennas may have reflectors, radiators, and directors. The reflectors, radiators, and directors may be arranged to align radiation patterns for the antennas with the plastic-filled slots or other dielectric regions in the metal housing.

公开(公告)号：US09698854B2

公开(公告)日：2017-07-04

申请号：US14980574

申请日：2015-12-28

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Matthew A. Mow ,  Liang Han ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Victor Lee ,  James G. Judkins ,  Mattia Pascolini

IPC: H04M1/00 ,  H04B1/40 ,  H04B1/04 ,  H04B1/18

CPC classification number: H04B1/40 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q9/0442 ,  H04B1/0458 ,  H04B1/18

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include one or more antennas. An antenna may have an antenna feed that is coupled to a radio-frequency transceiver with a transmission line. An impedance matching circuit may be coupled to the antenna feed to match the impedance of the transmission line and the antenna. The impedance matching circuit and tunable circuitry in the antenna may be formed using integrated circuits. Each integrated circuit may include switching circuitry that is used in switching components such as inductors and capacitors into use. Sensors such as temperature sensors, current and voltage sensors, power sensors, and impedance sensors may be integrated into the integrated circuits. Each integrated circuit may store settings for the switching circuitry and may include communications and control circuitry for communicating with external circuits and processing sensor data.

公开(公告)号：US09673916B2

公开(公告)日：2017-06-06

申请号：US15097873

申请日：2016-04-13

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Matthew A. Mow ,  Basim Noori ,  Yuehui Ouyang ,  Yi Jiang ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ruben Caballero

IPC: H04B17/00 ,  H04B17/19 ,  H04B17/14

CPC classification number: H04B17/14 ,  H04B17/19

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include antennas. The antennas may include phased antenna arrays for handling millimeter wave signals. Antennas may be located in antenna signal paths. The antenna signal paths may include adjustable components such as adjustable filters, adjustable gain amplifiers, and adjustable phase shifters. Circuitry may be incorporated into an electronic device to facilitate wireless self-testing operations. Wireless self-testing may involve use of one antenna to transmit an over-the-air antenna test signal that is received by another antenna. The circuitry that facilitates the wireless self-testing operations may include couplers, adjustable switches for temporarily shorting antenna signal paths together, mixers for mixing down radio-frequency signals to allow digitization with analog-to-digital converters, and other circuitry for supporting self-testing operations.

公开(公告)号：US20170110787A1

公开(公告)日：2017-04-20

申请号：US14883495

申请日：2015-10-14

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yuehui Ouyang ,  Yi Jiang ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ruben Caballero ,  Basim Noori

IPC: H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q21/28

CPC classification number: H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q1/40 ,  H01Q1/42 ,  H01Q9/0421 ,  H01Q9/16 ,  H01Q21/28

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry. The wireless circuitry may include one or more antennas. The antennas may include millimeter wave antenna arrays. Non-millimeter-wave antennas such as cellular telephone antennas may have conductive structures separated by a dielectric gap. In a device with a metal housing, a plastic-filled slot may form the dielectric gap. The conductive structures may be slot antenna structures, inverted-F antenna structures such as an inverted-F antenna resonating element and a ground, or other antenna structures. The plastic-filled slot may serve as a millimeter wave antenna window. A millimeter wave antenna array may be mounted in alignment with the millimeter wave antenna window to transmit and receive signals through the window. Millimeter wave antenna windows may also be formed from air-filled openings in a metal housing such as audio port openings.

公开(公告)号：US20170040668A1

公开(公告)日：2017-02-09

申请号：US14819280

申请日：2015-08-05

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Enrique Ayala Vazquez ,  Hongfei Hu ,  Nanbo Jin ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Liang Han ,  Mattia Pascolini

IPC: H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q9/04 ,  H01Q5/20 ,  H01Q21/28

CPC classification number: H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q5/328 ,  H01Q5/335 ,  H01Q5/378 ,  H01Q9/42 ,  H01Q13/106

Abstract: An electronic device may have wireless circuitry with antennas. An antenna resonating element arm for a given antenna may be formed from metal structures supported by a plastic carrier. The antenna resonating element arm may be coupled to switching circuitry to isolate the antenna resonating element arm when the antenna resonating element arm is not being used to handle communications in a communications band. The electronic device may have a metal housing. A slot may separate a peripheral portion of the housing such as a sidewall portion from a planar rear portion. The sidewall portion and the planar rear portion may form an additional antenna that operates at communications frequencies outside of the communications band handled by the given antenna. A parasitic antenna resonating element arm may be formed in the slot to enhance the frequency response of the additional antenna.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以具有带有天线的无线电路。 用于给定天线的天线谐振元件臂可以由由塑料载体支撑的金属结构形成。 天线谐振元件臂可以耦合到开关电路，以在天线谐振元件臂不用于处理通信频带中的通信时隔离天线谐振元件臂。 电子设备可以具有金属外壳。 槽可以将壳体的周边部分（例如侧壁部分）与平面后部分离。 侧壁部分和平面后部可以形成在由给定天线处理的通信频带之外的通信频率下操作的附加天线。 可以在槽中形成寄生天线谐振元件臂以增强附加天线的频率响应。

公开(公告)号：US20160336643A1

公开(公告)日：2016-11-17

申请号：US14710377

申请日：2015-05-12

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Mattia Pascolini ,  Umar Azad ,  Rodney A. Gomez Angulo ,  Erdinc Irci ,  Qingxiang Li ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Harish Rajagopalan ,  Miroslav Samardzija ,  Ming-Ju Tsai

IPC: H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q9/04 ,  H01Q13/10

CPC classification number: H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q5/328 ,  H01Q9/0421 ,  H01Q9/0442 ,  H01Q13/103 ,  H01Q21/30

Abstract: An electronic device may have hybrid antennas that include slot antenna resonating elements formed from slots in a ground plane and planar inverted-F antenna resonating elements. The planar inverted-F antenna resonating elements may each have a planar metal member that overlaps one of the slots. The slot of each slot antenna resonating element may divide the ground plane into first and second portions. A return path and feed may be coupled in parallel between the planar metal member and the first portion of the ground plane. Tunable components such as tunable inductors may be used to tune the hybrid antennas. A tunable inductor may bridge the slot in hybrid antenna, may be coupled between the planar metal member of the planar inverted-F antenna resonating element and the ground plane, or multiple tunable inductors may bridge the slot on opposing sides of the planar inverted-F antenna resonating element.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以具有混合天线，其包括由接地平面中的槽形成的缝隙天线谐振元件和平面倒F天线谐振元件。 平面倒F天线谐振元件可各自具有与其中一个槽重叠的平面金属部件。 每个缝隙天线谐振元件的槽可以将接地平面分成第一和第二部分。 返回路径和进给可以平行耦合在平面金属构件和接地平面的第一部分之间。 诸如可调谐电感器的可调组件可用于调谐混合天线。 可调电感器可以桥接混合天线中的槽，可以耦合在平面倒F天线谐振元件的平面金属构件和接地平面之间，或者多个可调电感器可以将平面倒F的相对侧上的槽 天线谐振元件

公开(公告)号：US09331397B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-03

申请号：US13846471

申请日：2013-03-18

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Nanbo Jin ,  Yuehui Ouyang ,  Yijun Zhou ,  Enrique Ayala Vazquez ,  Anand Lakshmanan ,  Robert W. Schlub ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Matthew A. Mow

IPC: H01Q21/28 ,  H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q9/06 ,  H01Q5/10

CPC classification number: H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q5/10 ,  H01Q5/15 ,  H01Q5/314 ,  H01Q9/06 ,  H01Q21/28

Abstract: Electronic devices may be provided that contain wireless communications circuitry. The wireless communications circuitry may include radio-frequency transceiver circuitry and antenna structures. The antenna structures may form a dual arm inverted-F antenna. The antenna may have a resonating element formed from portions of a peripheral conductive electronic device housing member and may have an antenna ground that is separated from the antenna resonating element by a gap. A short circuit path may bridge the gap. An antenna feed may be coupled across the gap in parallel with the short circuit path. Low band tuning may be provided using an adjustable inductor that bridges the gap. The antenna may have a slot-based parasitic antenna resonating element with a slot formed between portions of the peripheral conductive electronic device housing member and the antenna ground. An adjustable capacitor may bridge the slot to provide high band tuning.

Abstract translation: 可以提供包含无线通信电路的电子设备。 无线通信电路可以包括射频收发器电路和天线结构。 天线结构可以形成双臂倒F天线。 天线可以具有由外围导电电子器件壳体部件的部分形成的谐振元件，并且可以具有通过间隙与天线谐振元件分离的天线接地。 短路路径可以桥接间隙。 天线馈送可以与短路路径平行地跨越间隙耦合。 可以使用桥接间隙的可调电感器来提供低频调谐。 天线可以具有基于槽的寄生天线谐振元件，在外围导电电子器件壳体部件和天线接地部分之间形成有槽。 可调电容器可以桥接插槽以提供高频带调谐。

公开(公告)号：US20160097833A1

公开(公告)日：2016-04-07

申请号：US14506123

申请日：2014-10-03

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Liang Han ,  Matthew A. Mow ,  Thomas E. Biedka ,  Mattia Pascolini ,  Ming-Ju Tsai ,  James G. Judkins ,  Victor Lee ,  Robert W. Schlub

IPC: G01R35/00 ,  G01R29/08 ,  H01Q1/24

CPC classification number: G01R35/005 ,  G01R29/0878 ,  H01Q1/243 ,  H01Q9/42 ,  H01Q13/10 ,  H04B17/103 ,  H04B17/14

Abstract: An electronic device may have control circuitry that uses a reflectometer to measure antenna impedance during operation. The reflectometer may have a directional coupler that is coupled between radio-frequency transceiver circuitry and an antenna. A calibration circuit may be coupled between the directional coupler and the antenna. The calibration circuit may have a first port coupled to the antenna, a second port coupled to the directional coupler, and a third port that is coupled to a calibration resistance. The reflectometer may have terminations of identical impedance that are coupled to ground. Switching circuitry in the reflectometer may be used to route signals from the directional coupler to a feedback receiver for measurement by the control circuitry or to ground through the terminations. Calibrated antenna reflection coefficient measurements may be used in dynamically adjusting the antenna.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以具有使用反射计在操作期间测量天线阻抗的控制电路。 反射计可以具有耦合在射频收发器电路和天线之间的定向耦合器。 校准电路可以耦合在定向耦合器和天线之间。 校准电路可以具有耦合到天线的第一端口，耦合到定向耦合器的第二端口和耦合到校准电阻器的第三端口。 反射计可具有与地耦合的具有相同阻抗的终端。 反射计中的开关电路可用于将来自定向耦合器的信号路由到反馈接收器，用于由控制电路进行测量或通过终端进行接地。 校准的天线反射系数测量可用于动态调整天线。