Abstract:
A process for the continuous preparation of an oxime from cyclohexanone and an aqueous buffered solution of a hydroxylammonium salt together with free phosphoric acid, phosphates, nitrates, and optionally sulphates all in controlled amounts and without the use of an organic solvent is disclosed. The resulting aqueous reaction mixture contains a manageable amount of unreacted cyclohexanone which is subsequently recovered and recirculated.
Abstract:
1. IN A PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY PURE E-CAPROLACTAM CONTAINING LESS THAN 5 MEQ. OF IONOGENIC SUBSTANCES PER KG. OF LACTAM, OBTAINED BY INTRAMOLECULAR CONVERSION OF CYCLOHEXANONE OXIME WITH THE AID OF AN ACID CATALYST FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SULFURIC ACID, OLEUM AND SULPHUR TRIOXIDE, AND EXTRACTION OF THE REACTION MIXTURE AFTER DILUTION WITH WATER AND, OPTIONALLY AFTER PARTIAL NEUTRALIZATION OF THE SULPHURIC ACID, WITH A WATER-IMMISCIBLE ORGANIC SOLVENT FOR THE LACTAM, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING NEUTRALIZING THE RESULTING SOLVENT OF LACTAM IN THE ORGANIC SOLVENT WITH AQUEOUS AMMONIA TO A PH OF AT LEAST 4.5 (MEASURED AT 20* C.), THEREBY FORMING AN EMULSION OF AN AQUEOUS 15-40% WT. AMMONIUM SULPHATE SOLUTION EMULSIFIED IN THE ORGANIC SOLVENT, WASHING THE EMULSION WITH A COUNTERFLOW OF DEMINERALIZED WATER IN A WEIGHT RATIO OF 4-20 PARTS THEREBY REESTRACTING THE LACTAM FROM THE ORGANIC SOLVENT TO PRODUCE AN ECAPROLACTAM SOLUTION WITH LESS THAN 5 MEQ. OF IONOGENIC SUBSTANCES PER KG. OF LACTAM, WHILE THE RESULTING AQUEOUS LACTAM SOLUTION IS EVAPORATED, OPTIONALLY AFTER HAVING BEEN FREED OF ORGANIC IONGENIC COMPOUNDS ON CATION AND ANION EXCHANGERS.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR CHEMICALLY BONDING AN AMINO ACID OR AN AMINO ACID DERIVATIVE TO A CHLOROSULFONATED POLYMER BY REACTING THE FREE AMINO GROUP WITH A CHLOROSULFONIC ACID GROUP ON THE POLYMER. ADDITIONAL AMINO ACID GROUPS CAN THEN BE REACTED WITH THE CARBOXYL GROUPS OF THE BONDED AMINO GROUP TO FORM PEPTIDES AND POLY-PEPTIDES.
Abstract:
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR POLYMERIZING CONJUGATED DIENES IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST COMPRISING ADDING A METAL CONTAINING LEWIS ACID TO THE REACTION MIXTURE TO CONTROL THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF THE POLYMER BEINGG PRODUCED.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR PREPARING SOLUTIONS OF DIALKYL MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS IS DISCLOSED, WHEREIN AN ALKYL HALOGENIDE IS REACTED WITH MAGNESIUM, AND THE REACTION PRODUCT IS CONTACTED WITH AN ORGANO-ALUMINUM COMPOUND DURING AND/OR AFTER THE REACTION TO FORM A SOLUTION DIALKY MAGNESIUM AND ALUMINUM COMPOUND. SUCH SOLUTIONS ARE USEFUL IN THE POLYMERIZATION OF A-ALKYLENES, SUCH AS ETHYLENE, FOR INSTANCE.
Abstract:
A process for preparing 5-vinyl norbornene-2 is disclosed, wherein butadiene is reacted with cyclopentadiene and/or dicyclopentadiene, with the reaction discontinued when no more than 50 mole percent of the (di)cyclopentadiene is converted. The process produces high efficiencies of converted raw materials into 5-vinyl norbornene-2. 5-vinyl norbornene-2 is a known compound having known use, such as, e.g., as a monomer suitable for polymerization with ehtylene and propylene into rubbery polymers.
Abstract:
An improved solid form of diphenylolpropane is disclosed consisting of substantially dust-free, strong prillshaving reduced electrostatic characteristics and improved free flowing characteristics.
Abstract:
An integrated process for the preparation of urea and melamine is described wherein heat requirements for the decomposition of ammonium carbamate contained in the urea product solution, which is cycled as feed to the melamine synthesis stage, is supplied, at least in part, from the heat released by the desublimation of the melamine vapors obtained in the melamine synthesis gas product stream, by bringing this gas stream into direct contact, either in counter-current or co-current flow, with the ammonium carbamate-containing urea product solution.
Abstract:
A PROCESS IS DESCRIBED FOR THE PREPARATION OF A PERMANENTLY MAGNETIZABLE IRON-CONTAINING PARTICULATE METAL MATERIAL WHEREIN FROM A FERROUS ION CONTAINING SOLUTION, WHEREIN OTHER METALS ARE PRESENT IN AN ATOMIC QUANTITY NOT LARGER THAN HALF THAT OF THE FERROUS ION, THE METALS ARE CO-PRECIPITATED BY GRADUAL AND HOMOGENEOUS CONVERSION OF AT LEAST 2/3 PART OF THE BIVALENT IRON TO TRIVALENT IRON TO A PH BETWEEN 2 AND 6.5 AND UNDER CONTROLLED TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS, AND SAID CONVERSION IS CONTROLLED TO PROCEED AT A RATE NO GREATER THAN AT MOST 0.3 GRAM ATOMS PER LITER OF SOLUTION PER HOUR. THE PRECIPITATE IS SUBSEQUENTLY SEPARATED FROM THE SOLUTION AND WASHED AND DRIED.
Abstract:
A process for preparing unsaturated alcohols from the corresponding unsaturated aldehydes with the aid of hydrogen at elevated temperature and pressure and in the liquid phase is disclosed, wherein a catalyst which is dissolved in the liquid phase is utilized. The catalyst contains a cadmium salt and at least one salt of a transition metal from the groups 3b, 4b, 5b and 6b of the Periodic System. The catalyst system is highly selective and the selectivity is retained.