公开(公告)号：US4801805A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-31

申请号：US87171

申请日：1987-08-19

Applicant: James W. Butler ,  Paul D. Maker ,  Thomas J. Korniski ,  Alex D. Colvin

Inventor： James W. Butler ,  Paul D. Maker ,  Thomas J. Korniski ,  Alex D. Colvin

IPC: G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N1/28 ,  G01N1/38 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N21/37

CPC classification number: G01N33/0016 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N1/38 ,  G01N2001/383 ,  G01N2001/388 ,  G01N2021/3595 ,  G01N2201/1215

Abstract: A method is disclosed of making an on-line gas analysis of a multicomponent gas emission flow by (a) continuously sequestering a sample flow from the gas emission flow, which sample flow has been filtered to substantially eliminate solid or liquid particles, diluted to lower its dew point to below room temperature, and changed in either temperature and/or pressure to be substantially the same in temperature and pressure as that of gases used to create reference transmission frequency spectral data deployed in step (d); (b) continuously irradiating the sample flow with an electromagnetic radiation beam while modulating the amplitude of infrared frequencies in the audio frequency range of the beam, either prior to or immediately subsequent to irradiation of the sample flow, to produce electromagnetic signals having discernible amplitude variations resulting from spectral interference patterns; (c) detecting and collecting the signals at a sufficiently high rate to substantially completely distinguish between adjacent spectral pattern amplitude peaks without mutual spectral interference and to permit analysis of the signals in real time; and (d) analyzing the signals in real time by (i) mathematically manipulating the signals in accordance with Beer's Law to create reformed background-corrected data, and (ii) applying reference transmission frequency spectral data to the reformed data for each suspected gaseous component to give a linear quantitative measure of the presence of each and every suspected gas component in the gas emission flow.

公开(公告)号：US4389881A

公开(公告)日：1983-06-28

申请号：US288874

申请日：1981-07-31

Applicant: James W. Butler ,  Alex D. Colvin

Inventor： James W. Butler ,  Alex D. Colvin

IPC: G01N27/12 ,  G01M15/00 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N33/00

CPC classification number: G01N27/407 ,  G01N33/0013

Abstract: A method is disclosed for measuring the air to fuel ratio of an air/fuel mixture being supplied to a combustion process. This method has the following steps. An oxygen sensor station is established at which the sensor senses the difference in oxygen partial pressure from a first reference side thereof to a second oxygen measurement side thereof. The oxygen sensor is maintained at a predetermined temperature and at a pressure below atmospheric pressure. The oxygen sensor is calibrated so that the measurement thereby of an EMF between the first reference side thereof and the second oxygen measurement side thereof is indicative of the oxygen partial pressure in a gas stream passing by the oxygen measurement side thereof. A sample gas stream is drawn into the pressure across the second oxygen measurement side of the oxygen sensor. This pressure is one which allows samples to be drawn at a constant flow rate independent of that pressure. A fixed amount of oxygen is added to the sample gas stream. The oxygen in the sample gas stream is reacted with oxidizable species contained in the sample gas stream prior to passing the sample gas stream across the second oxygen measurement side of the oxygen sensor. The pressure of the gas sample is measured. The air to fuel ratio of the air/fuel mixture is determined from the measured EMF of the oxygen sensor, the total pressure of the sample gas stream and the known oxygen addition rate. Suitable oxygen sensors may be formed zirconia or titania.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于测量供应到燃烧过程的空气/燃料混合物的空燃比的方法。 该方法具有以下步骤。 建立氧传感器站，传感器感测氧分压从其第一参考侧到第二氧测量侧的差异。 氧传感器保持在预定温度和低于大气压的压力。 校准氧传感器，使得其第一参考侧和第二氧测量侧之间的EMF的测量指示通过氧测量侧的气流中的氧分压。 样品气流被吸入穿过氧传感器的第二氧测量侧的压力。 该压力是允许以独立于该压力的恒定流速绘制样品的压力。 将固定量的氧气加入到样品气流中。 在使样品气流通过氧传感器的第二氧测量侧之前，样品气流中的氧与包含在样品气流中的可氧化物质反应。 测量气体样品的压力。 空气/燃料混合物的空气/燃料比由测量的氧传感器的EMF，样品气体流的总压力和已知的氧气添加速率确定。 合适的氧传感器可以形成氧化锆或二氧化钛。

公开(公告)号：US5531105A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-02

申请号：US422400

申请日：1995-04-14

Applicant: Dick Y. Leong ,  Alex D. Colvin ,  Keith R. Carduner

Inventor： Dick Y. Leong ,  Alex D. Colvin ,  Keith R. Carduner

IPC: G01M15/10 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N33/22 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01M15/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/643 ,  G01M15/102 ,  G01M15/108 ,  G01N33/2835

Abstract: A method and system for determining steady state and real time engine oil consumption of an automotive engine which generates exhaust gases containing oil and fuel having a known sulphur content. The system includes an exhaust gas conditioner coupled to the exhaust manifold of the engine for extracting an exhaust gas sample and converting the exhaust sample into a combustion product. The system also includes a high temperature sampler for automatically regulating the amount of the combustion product independent of changes in back pressure of the engine. The system further includes a fluorescent detector for generating a sulphur dioxide content signal having a value corresponding to the sulphur dioxide contained in the regulated combustion product. Finally, the system includes a processor responsive to the value of the sulphur dioxide content signal to determine a steady state and/or a real time oil consumption of the engine based on the value of the sulphur dioxide content signal and the known sulphur content of the oil and fuel.

Abstract translation: 一种用于确定汽车发动机的稳态和实时发动机机油消耗的方法和系统，其产生含有已知硫含量的油和燃料的废气。 该系统包括联接到发动机的排气歧管的排气调节器，用于提取废气样品并将废气样品转化为燃烧产物。 该系统还包括一个高温采样器，用于独立于发动机背压变化自动调节燃烧产物的量。 该系统还包括用于产生二氧化硫含量信号的荧光检测器，其具有对应于调节燃烧产物中所含的二氧化硫的值。 最后，该系统包括响应于二氧化硫含量信号的值的处理器，以基于二氧化硫含量信号的值和二氧化硫含量信号的已知硫含量确定发动机的稳态和/或实时油耗 油和燃料。

公开(公告)号：US5106481A

公开(公告)日：1992-04-21

申请号：US657222

申请日：1991-02-19

Applicant: James S. Rankin ,  Alex D. Colvin

Inventor： James S. Rankin ,  Alex D. Colvin

IPC: G01N27/406

CPC classification number: G01N27/4065 ,  F02D41/1456

Abstract: A method and apparatus for linearly determining the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine by measuring the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gases provides a linear air/fuel output signal from a single sensor. The sensor is time shared between a current driving or oxygen pumping mode in which a current is applied to the sensor to pump oxygen through the sensor toward one or the other surface, and a voltage sensing mode in which the voltage across the sensor is monitored. A time share circuit switches between the two modes of operation. During the current mode, the oxygen concentration is changed at the sensor surface by the passage of oxygen ion current through the sensor. During the voltage mode, the sensor voltage is measured. Feedback provides necessary current during the current mode to hold the bias voltage substantially constant. The resulting current is a linear measure of the air/fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine as engine operation departs from stoichiometry. The sensor current can be positive or negative and hence will indicate both rich and lean mixtures.

Abstract translation: 通过测量废气的氧气浓度来线性地确定内燃机的空气/燃料比的方法和装置提供来自单个传感器的线性空气/燃料输出信号。 传感器在电流驱动或氧气泵送模式之间共享，其中电流被施加到传感器以将氧气通过传感器泵送到一个或另一个表面，以及电压感测模式，其中监测传感器两端的电压。 时间分配电路在两种操作模式之间切换。 在电流模式下，通过氧离子电流通过传感器，氧传感器表面氧浓度发生变化。 在电压模式下，测量传感器电压。 反馈在当前模式下提供必要的电流以保持偏置电压基本恒定。 所得到的电流是当发动机操作离开化学计量时内燃机的空气/燃料比的线性测量。 传感器电流可以是正极或负极，因此将表示浓缩混合物。