Abstract:
A multi-wavelength cascaded Raman resonator (“MWCRR”). The MWCRR has an optical source for pumping optical radiation centered around an input wavelength. The MWCRR further includes a Raman fiber having at least a first set of optical gratings for converting the pumped optical radiation to wavelengths other than the input wavelength. The Raman fiber also has at least one adjustable output coupler having a variable reflectivity for controlling the power of the optical radiation propagating from the at least one set of optical gratings at the wavelengths other than the input wavelength.
Abstract:
The invention involves providing a microstructured fiber having a core region, a cladding region, and one or more axially oriented elements (e.g., capillary air holes) in the cladding region. A portion of the microstructured fiber is then treated, e.g., by heating and stretching the fiber, such that at least one feature of the fiber microstructure is modified along the propagation direction, e.g., the outer diameter of the fiber gets smaller, the axially oriented elements get smaller, or the axially oriented elements collapse. The treatment is selected to provide a resultant fiber length that exhibits particular properties, e.g., mode contraction leading to soliton generation, or mode expansion. Advantageously, the overall fiber length is designed to readily couple to a standard transmission fiber, i.e., the core sizes at the ends of the length are similar to a standard fiber, which allows efficient coupling of light into the microstructured fiber length.
Abstract:
In accordance with the invention, an optical waveguide comprising a longitudinally extending core housing an optical grating and a cladding layer peripherally surrounding the core, is provided with an outer surface of the cladding layer having one or more perturbations. Each perturbation has a height with respect to the core that varies by at least 0.1 times a Bragg wavelength of the grating over the surface of the perturbation and covers an extent of the outer surface whose linear dimensions are less than 1 cm. The perturbations suppress cladding mode spectra and reduce short wavelength cladding mode loss.
Abstract:
A tunable chromatic dispersion compensator for optical communication systems is disclosed. An optical grating, such as a fiber Bragg grating, non-chirped, linearly chirped or non-linearly chirped, is coated on its outer surface with a coating have a variable diameter and strained is applied to the fiber. The fiber may be latchably strained so that the grating characteristics may be changed or tuned while avoiding use of a continuous power supply. Various optical networking applications using such dispersion compensating devices are also disclosed.
Abstract:
An optical noise monitoring method and monitor, the monitor comprising an optical transmitter for receiving at least a portion of an optical signal, a device arranged to extract a reflected optical signal comprising a portion of the optical signal back-reflected by stimulated Brillouin scattering in the optical transmitter, and a photodetector for receiving the reflected optical signal. The optical transmitter can scatter the optical signal by stimulated Brillouin scattering.
Abstract:
This invention concerns real-time multi-impairment signal performance monitoring, [n particular it concerns an optical device, for instance a monolithic integrated photonics chip, comprising a waveguide having an input region to receive a signal for characterization, and a narrow band CW laser signal. A non-linear waveguide region to mix the two received signals. More than one output region, each equipped with bandpass filters that extract respective discrete frequency bands of the RF spectrum of the mixed signals. And, also comprising (slow) power detectors to output the extracted discrete frequency banded signals.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention include an optical fiber device such as a tunable birefringent optical fiber having a core region, a cladding layer therearound, and a controllable active material disposed in, e.g., selective capillaries or pockets formed in the cladding layer. The active materials include, e.g., electro-optic material, magneto-optic material, photorefractive material, thermo-optic material and/or materials such as laser dyes that provide tunable gain or loss. The application of, e.g., temperature, light or an electric or magnetic field varies optical properties of the active material, which, in turn, varies or affects the propagation properties of optical signals in the device. The optical device can include a tapered region or long period grating that causes the core mode to spread or couple into the cladding region and, simultaneously, allows the active material to be relatively close to the propagated modes, thus allowing interaction between the active material and the propagating modes.
Abstract:
A thermally tunable optical fiber device comprises a length of optical fiber including a device disposed within a microcapillary heater. The microcapillary heater can include a thin film resistive heater. The fiber itself can optionally include a thin film resistive heater overlying the device, and a plurality of nested microcapillary tubes can optionally provide a plurality of successive concentric heaters overlying the device. The heaters films can be films with uniform, tapered or periodically varying thickness. The heaters can be single layer or multiple layer. Multiple layer films can be superimposed with intervening insulating layers or plural layers can be formed on different angular regions of the microcapillary. Thus one can provide virtually any desired temperature versus length profile along the fiber device.
Abstract:
The invention involves providing a microstructured fiber having a core region, a cladding region, and one or more axially oriented elements (e.g., capillary air holes) in the cladding region. A portion of the microstructured fiber is then treated, e.g., by heating and stretching the fiber, such that at least one feature of the fiber microstructure is modified along the propagation direction, e.g., the outer diameter of the fiber gets smaller, the axially oriented elements get smaller, or the axially oriented elements collapse. The treatment is selected to provide a resultant fiber length that exhibits particular properties, e.g., mode contraction leading to soliton generation, or mode expansion. Advantageously, the overall fiber length is designed to readily couple to a standard transmission fiber, i.e., the core sizes at the ends of the length are similar to a standard fiber, which allows efficient coupling of light into the microstructured fiber length.
Abstract:
In accordance with the invention, an optical fiber grating device is made by providing a fiber with an electrically actuable component optically responsive to voltage or current and a plurality of conductive elements to locally activate the component and thereby to produce local optical perturbations in the fiber. In a preferred embodiment, a fiber is provided with a core of liquid crystal material and a plurality of periodically spaced microelectrode pairs. Application of a voltage to the microelectrodes results in a periodic sequence of perturbations in the core index which produces a grating. When the voltage is switched off, the grating switches off. Other embodiments utilize helical conductive elements.