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公开(公告)号：US5094553A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-10
申请号：US618807
申请日：1990-11-28
CPC分类号： G02F1/065 , G02F1/361 , Y10S359/90
摘要： Optical waveguides comprise as core and cladding materials a chemical compound in two different crystalline forms with different indices of refraction. Preferably, the non-linear form is anhydrous and the linear form is a hydrate thereof, whereupon the core material can be prepared by selective heating of the cladding material as by a laser beam. A preferred compound is 4'-dimethylamino-4-methylstilbazolium p-toluenesulfonate.
摘要翻译： 光波导包括具有不同折射率的两种不同结晶形式的化学化合物作为芯和包层材料。 优选地，非线性形式是无水的并且线性形式是其水合物，因此芯材可以通过如激光束选择性加热包层材料来制备。 优选的化合物是对甲苯磺酸4'-二甲基氨基-4-甲基茋。
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12.发明授权Optical switches using cholesteric or chiral nematic liquid crystals and method of using same 失效使用胆甾型或手性向列型液晶的光开关及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US4991924A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-12
申请号：US354304
申请日：1989-05-19
申请人： Narendra K. Shankar , Jeffrey A. Morris , Clifford R. Pollock , Christopher P. Yakymyshyn , T. Wilson Whitehead
发明人： Narendra K. Shankar , Jeffrey A. Morris , Clifford R. Pollock , Christopher P. Yakymyshyn , T. Wilson Whitehead
IPC分类号： G02B5/30 , G02F1/1333 , G02F1/31
CPC分类号： G02F1/1326 , G02B5/3016 , G02F1/31 , Y10S359/90
摘要： Fiber optic switches using layers of cholesteric or chiral nematic liquid crystals (CLCs) are disclosed. The CLC layer acts both as a polarization beamsplitter and as a reflector by decomposing incoming unpolarized light into two orthogonal circularly polarized components. In a number of embodiments, switchable waveplates are employed to controllably switch the polarization direction of each of the polarization components. The components are then reflected back toward the CLC layer where they are recombined into a transmitted unpolarized beam. The direction of transmission depends on the circular sense of the polarized components, and therefore on the state of the switchable waveplates. In other embodiments, the CLCs are used actively by selectively exposing them to electric or magnetic fields or to heat which cause a phase change that temporarily neutralizes the circular polarization effect. In this manner, the CLCs can be used as switch elements themselves.
摘要翻译： 公开了使用胆甾型或手性向列型液晶层（CLC）的光纤开关。 CLC层通过将进入的非偏振光分解成两个正交的圆偏振分量来同时作为偏振分束器和反射器。 在多个实施例中，采用可切换波片来可控制地切换每个偏振分量的偏振方向。 然后将这些分量反射回CLC层，在那里它们被重新组合成传输的非偏振光束。 传输方向取决于极化分量的圆形感，因此取决于可切换波片的状态。 在其他实施例中，通过选择性地将它们暴露于电场或磁场或导致临时中和圆偏振效应的相变的热而使用CLC。 以这种方式，CLC可以用作开关元件本身。
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公开(公告)号：US4984462A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-15
申请号：US358896
申请日：1989-05-30
IPC分类号： A61M5/168 , G01F23/292
CPC分类号： A61M5/14 , G01F23/2921 , G01F23/2925 , A61M2205/3306 , A61M2205/3317 , A61M2205/3389 , A61M5/1684
摘要： Liquid level monitoring apparatus for monitoring the level of a liquid in a container having a wall with an exterior surface and an interior surface and formed of a material which is substantially transparent to optical energy and which has an index of refraction different from that of the liquid. The apparatus comprises an optical sensor holder and adhesive means adapted to secure the sensor holder to the exterior surface of the container at a predetermined level. A sensor head is provided. An attachment mechanism is carried by the sensor head and the sensor holder for detachably mounting the sensor head on the sensor holder. A self-contained power supply is provided which is coupled to the sensor head.
摘要翻译： 液面监测装置，用于监测具有外表面和内表面的壁的容器中的液体的液面，并且由对光能基本上透明的材料形成，该材料的折射率不同于液体的折射率 。 该装置包括光学传感器保持器和适于将传感器保持器固定在容器的外表面上的预定水平的粘合装置。 提供一个传感器头。 传感器头和传感器保持器承载安装机构，用于将传感器头可拆卸地安装在传感器支架上。 提供独立的电源，其耦合到传感器头。
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14.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07424177B2
公开(公告)日：2008-09-09
申请号：US11681709
申请日：2007-03-02
IPC分类号： G02B6/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/035 , G02F1/0356 , G02F1/065 , G02F1/076
摘要： A variable attenuation signal acquisition probing system and voltage measurement system uses an optical cavity to acquire a signal under test. The probing system has an optical transmitter and receiver that are coupled to the optical cavity via an optical transmission system. The optical cavity has an electrode structure having apertures formed in the optical cavity that are parallel to propagation path of the optical signal within the cavity. A modulated optical signal is generated by the optical cavity in response to the signal under test creating an electro-magnetic field distribution in electro-optic material in the optical cavity that overlaps the optical path of the optical signal propagating in the optical cavity which varies the index of refraction of electro-optic material in the optical path. Changes in the polarization state of the optical signal attenuates the magnitude of the output electrical signal of the optical receiver.
摘要翻译： 可变衰减信号采集探测系统和电压测量系统使用光学腔来获取被测信号。 探测系统具有通过光传输系统耦合到光腔的光发射器和接收器。 光腔具有在光腔中形成的孔，其平行于空腔内的光信号的传播路径。 响应于被测信号，由光腔产生调制的光信号，从而在光腔中的电光材料中产生与在光腔中传播的光信号的光路重叠的电磁场分布， 电光材料在光路中的折射率。 光信号的偏振状态的变化衰减光接收器的输出电信号的幅度。
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15.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07310455B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-18
申请号：US11077788
申请日：2005-03-10
CPC分类号： G02F1/035 , G02F1/0356 , G02F1/065 , G02F1/076
摘要： A variable attenuation signal acquisition probing system and voltage measurement system uses an optical cavity to acquire a signal under test. The probing system has an optical transmitter and receiver that are coupled to the optical cavity via an optical transmission system. The optical cavity has an electrode structure having apertures formed in the optical cavity that are parallel to propagation path of the optical signal within the cavity. A modulated optical signal is generated by the optical cavity in response to the signal under test creating an electromagnetic field distribution in electro-optic material in the optical cavity that overlaps the optical path of the optical signal propagating in the optical cavity which varies the index of refraction of electro-optic material in the optical path. Changes in the polarization state of the optical signal attenuates the magnitude of the output electrical signal of the optical receiver.
摘要翻译： 可变衰减信号采集探测系统和电压测量系统使用光学腔来获取被测信号。 探测系统具有通过光传输系统耦合到光腔的光发射器和接收器。 光腔具有在光腔中形成的孔，其平行于空腔内的光信号的传播路径。 响应于被测信号，由光腔产生调制的光信号，从而在光腔中的电光材料中产生与在光腔中传播的光信号的光路重叠的电磁场分布， 电光材料在光路中的折射。 光信号的偏振状态的变化衰减光接收器的输出电信号的幅度。
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16.发明授权High resolution micromachining of organic crystals and optical modulators formed thereby 失效有机晶体的高分辨率微加工和由此形成的光学调制器
公开(公告)号：US5396362A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US077698
申请日：1993-06-18
CPC分类号： G02F1/011 , G02F1/0118 , G02F1/061 , G02F1/3525 , G02F2001/213
摘要： Micromachined organic crystals are used in electro-optic modulators to provide high speed modulation capability. Machined modulator blocks of organic crystal material, such as dimethylamino n-methylstilbazolium tosylate (DAST), have smooth surfaces adapted to couple light between the organic crystal and a medium adjoining the crystal in the electro-optic modulator. Electrodes are disposed with respect to the modulator block such that an electric field is generated along a selected axis corresponding to the polar axis of the organic crystal. A method of machining the soft organic crystal adapted for use as a modulator includes illuminating the organic crystal material via an opaque mask having a selected pattern corresponding to a desired machined pattern for the organic crystal. The light illuminating the organic crystal has a wavelength corresponding to strong absorption bands in the organic crystal and is pulsed so as to ablate the surface in correspondence with the pattern in a non-contact self-developing machining process.
摘要翻译： 微加工有机晶体用于电光调制器以提供高速调制能力。 有机晶体材料的加工调制块，例如二甲基氨基正甲基甲硅烷基甲苯磺酸酯（DAST），具有适于在有机晶体和与电光调制器中的晶体相邻的介质之间耦合光的光滑表面。 相对于调制器块设置电极，使得沿着与有机晶体的极轴对应的选定轴产生电场。 适于用作调制器的软质有机晶体的加工方法包括通过具有对应于有机晶体的所需加工图案的选定图案的不透明掩模照射有机晶体材料。 照射有机晶体的光具有对应于有机晶体中的强吸收带的波长，并且被脉冲化以便在非接触自显影加工过程中与图案相对应地烧蚀表面。
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17.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4615765A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-07
申请号：US697376
申请日：1985-02-01
IPC分类号： H01L21/263 , H01L21/268 , H01L21/306 , B44C1/22
CPC分类号： H01L21/2636 , H01L21/268
摘要： Thermal processing of selected areas of a workpiece, such as a semiconductor device, is implemented without a photolithographic masking step. This is achieved through the use of a pulse-mode source of heat energy, such as a laser or a particle beam source, the heat radiation of which is applied in blanket fashion to a workpiece. Selective heating of workpiece areas to be thermally processed is attained through appropriate selection of energy, pulse duration, and pulse interval operating parameters of the heat source. Specifically, the appropriate selection of heat energy defines which areas of a workpiece are to be selectively heated, while the appropriate selection of heat energy pulse duration and heat energy pulse interval minimizes stray heat transfer to non-selected areas of the workpiece.
摘要翻译： 在没有光刻掩模步骤的情况下实现诸如半导体器件的工件的选定区域的热处理。 这是通过使用诸如激光或粒子束源的脉冲模式热能源来实现的，其辐射被以毯子的方式施加到工件。 通过适当选择热源的能量，脉冲持续时间和脉冲间隔操作参数来获得要热处理的工件区域的选择性加热。 具体地说，合适的热能选择定义了工件的哪些区域被选择性地加热，同时适当地选择热能脉冲持续时间和热能脉冲间隔将杂散热传递最小化到工件的非选择区域。
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公开(公告)号：US5545999A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-13
申请号：US407825
申请日：1995-03-21
IPC分类号： A61M25/095 , G01R33/36 , G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/3692 , G01R33/3621
摘要： A circuit for amplifying signals received by the receive coil of a magnetic resonance (MR) system includes a preamplifier employing an active circuit device, such as a GaAs-MESFET or HEMT. The preamplifier is located proximate to the receive coil in order to maintain as high a signal-to-noise ratio as possible for the preamplifier output signals. A capacitance is coupled to the receive coil to form an input impedance matching network for the input of the preamplifier. The preamplifier output is coupled through a fiber optic cable to remotely located MR signal processing electronics, which further processes signals received by the MR receive coil and amplified by the preamplifier.
摘要翻译： 用于放大由磁共振（MR）系统的接收线圈接收的信号的电路包括采用诸如GaAs-MESFET或HEMT的有源电路器件的前置放大器。 前置放大器位于接收线圈附近，以便为前置放大器输出信号保持尽可能高的信噪比。 电容耦合到接收线圈以形成用于前置放大器的输入的输入阻抗匹配网络。 前置放大器输出通过光纤电缆耦合到远程定位的MR信号处理电子设备，其进一步处理由MR接收线圈接收并由前置放大器放大的信号。
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19.发明授权Method of incorporating vertical cavity surface emitting lasers in an ultrasound detector 失效将垂直腔面发射激光器并入超声波检测器的方法
公开(公告)号：US5532981A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-02
申请号：US414834
申请日：1995-03-31
CPC分类号： G01H9/002
摘要： A method of transmitting the output signal from each pixel of an array of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL's) operatively positioned in an acoustic detector which minimizes the size of interconnects to the different pixels, which uses optical fibers to transport the output signal from each VCSEL pixel to the signal processing assembly. The VCSEL array is fabricated onto an acoustic matching layer which is designed to allow maximum acoustic coupling into the transducer assembly. An acoustic damping layer is employed after the array in order to extinguish the acoustic energy in order to avoid reflections within the transducer. Alternatively, an acoustic reflecting layer can be employed depending on the sensitivity and bandwidth requirements of the application. The frequency modulation of the laser output caused by the acoustic disturbance is then converted into amplitude modulation in a Fabry-Perot cavity array attached to the damping layer. This cavity could also employ a spatial light modulator array or some other tuning element array which would allow feedback to correct for any laser fluctuations at frequencies lower than the acoustic frequency. Finally, an array of fiber optic couplers would couple the amplitude modulated signal to a signal processing assembly.
摘要翻译： 从可操作地定位在声学检测器中的垂直腔表面发射激光器阵列（VCSEL）的阵列的每个像素传输输出信号的方法，其使得不同像素的互连的尺寸最小化，该不同像素使用光纤来传输来自每个 VCSEL像素到信号处理组件。 将VCSEL阵列制造在声匹配层上，该声匹配层被设计成允许将最大声耦合到换能器组件中。 在阵列之后采用声阻尼层以消除声能，以避免换能器内的反射。 或者，可以根据应用的灵敏度和带宽要求采用声反射层。 然后，由声学干扰引起的激光输出的频率调制在与阻尼层相连的法布里 - 珀罗腔阵列中被转换成幅度调制。 该空腔还可以采用空间光调制器阵列或一些其它调谐元件阵列，其将允许反馈校正在低于声频的频率处的任何激光波动。 最后，光纤耦合器阵列将幅度调制信号耦合到信号处理组件。
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公开(公告)号：US5332827A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-26
申请号：US109897
申请日：1993-08-23
IPC分类号： G02B6/122 , G02F1/065 , G02F1/361 , G02F1/377 , C07D211/70
CPC分类号： G02F1/361 , G02B6/1221 , G02F1/065 , G02F1/3613 , G02F1/377
摘要： Deuterated organic salts useful in nonlinear optical applications are disclosed herein. More particularly, optoelectronic devices and systems are prepared from said deuterated organic salts and the preferred salt is perdeuterated 4'-dimethylamino-4-methylstilbazolium p-toluenesulfonate.
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