摘要:
A process for the preparation of polymer latex particles by conducting a pre-reaction emulsification with monomer, polar comonomer, water, surfactant, chain transfer agent, and initiator; and which pre-reaction emulsification is effected at a low temperature of from about 3.degree. C. to about 35.degree. C., for example, and thereafter, effecting emulsion polymerization by heating the aforementioned emulsified mixture in a reactor at a temperature of from about 25.degree. C. to about 125.degree. C. The aforementioned reactor contents are retained at this temperature, that is 25.degree. C. to 125.degree. C. for an effective time period. Thereafter, the reaction mixture is cooled.
摘要:
Low fix temperature toners are fabricated by a two step melt mixing and reactive melt mixing process wherein there is initially prepared, for example, using a melt mixing device, a composite of pigment and resin, followed by crosslinking of the resin component at high temperature and high shear to produce a partially crosslinked toner with substantially no unpigmented gel domains. The toners are particularly suitable for high speed fusing, show excellent offset resistance and wide fusing latitude, and superior vinyl offset properties.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of conductive submicron polymeric particles which comprises mixing at least one monomer with a polymerization initiator, a crosslinking component, and a chain transfer component; adding thereto an AB type block copolymer; effecting bulk polymerization until from about 10 to about 50 weight percent of the monomer has been polymerized; terminating polymerization by cooling the partially polymerized monomer; adding thereto from about 1 to about 50 weight percent of a conductive filler, or conductive fillers, followed by mixing thereof; dispersing the aforementioned mixture of conductive filler or fillers, and partially polymerized product in water containing a stabilizing component to obtain a suspension of particles with an average diameter of from about 0.05 to about 1 micron in water; polymerizing the resulting suspension by heating; and subsequently optionally washing and drying the product.
摘要:
A reactive melt mixing process for the preparation of a toner resin comprising the steps of(a) melt mixing a base resin with a matrix resin containing a crosslinking agent, thereby forming a polymer melt; and(b) crosslinking said polymer melt under high shear to form a crosslinked toner resin.
摘要:
A process for the continuous preparation of an encapsulated toner comprised of a core comprised of polymer and pigment encapsulated within a polymer shell, which process comprises continuously separately feeding an oil phase containing core monomers, oil soluble shell monomers and pigment and an aqueous phase containing surfactant into a continuous flowthrough mixing tank; homogenizing the aforementioned two phases to enable small oil droplets with an average diameter of from between about 3 to about 25 microns; overflowing the resulting droplets to at least one continuously stirred tank reactor while simultaneously feeding water soluble shell monomer to said stirred reactor to effect interfacial polymerization thereby causing shell formation; and thereafter allowing the encapsulated droplets to flow into a reactor or reactors and heating the reactor or reactors to effect free radical polymerization of the core monomers, followed by cooling, and isolating the said encapsulated toner.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of encapsulated toners which comprises blending core momomer or monomers, free radical initiator, pigment, and an oil soluble shell monomer; dispersing the resulting mixture in a stabilized aqueous suspension; thereafter subjecting the stabilized droplets to a shell forming interfacial polycondensation reaction by adding a water soluble shell monomer or monomers; subsequently forming the core resin binder by heat induced free radical polymerization within the newly formed capsules; washing the toner suspension; subsequently removing water therefrom in a fluidized bed dryer to obtain a dry encapsulated toner with a surface moisture content of about 0.3 percent by weight to about 0.8 percent by weight; and thereafter blending the encapsulated toner with surface additives.
摘要:
An improved process for the preparation of encapsulated toner compositions which comprises mixing in the absence of solvent a core monomer, an initiator, pigment particles, a first shell monomer, stabilizer, and water; thereafter adding a second shell monomer thereby enabling an interfacial polymerization reaction between the first, and second shell monomers; and subsequently affecting a free radical polymerization of the core monomer.
摘要:
A thin film transistor has a semiconducting layer comprising a semiconductor and surface-modified carbon nanotubes. The semiconducting layer has improved charge carrier mobility.