公开(公告)号：US07322251B2

公开(公告)日：2008-01-29

申请号：US10909612

申请日：2004-08-02

Applicant: Daniel L. Gysling ,  Michael A. Davis ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Paul F. Croteau ,  Robert J. Maron

Inventor： Daniel L. Gysling ,  Michael A. Davis ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Paul F. Croteau ,  Robert J. Maron

IPC: G01F1/66

CPC classification number: G01F1/662 ,  G01F1/7082 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01F1/74

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system are provided to measure the process flow of a fluid or medium traveling in a pipe. The system and apparatus feature a standoff and piezoelectric-based sensor arrangement having a plurality of standoffs arranged on a pipe and a plurality of sensor bands, each arranged on a respective plurality of standoffs, each having at least one sensor made of piezoelectric material arranged thereon to detect unsteady pressure disturbances in the process flow in the pipe which in turn can be converted to the velocity of and/or speed of sound propagating within the pipe, and a cooling tube arranged in relation to the plurality of standoffs for actively cooling the sensor band; and further comprise a processing module for converting one or more sensor signals into a measurement containing information about the flow of the fluid or medium traveling in the pipe, as well as a pump and heat exchanger for processing the cooling fluid flowing through the cooling tube. The processing includes maintaining the cooling fluid at a desired operating temperature.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种方法，装置和系统来测量在管道中行进的流体或介质的工艺流程。 该系统和装置具有一个支座和基于压电的传感器装置，其具有布置在管道上的多个支座和多个传感器带，每个传感器带布置在相应的多个支座上，每个支架具有至少一个由压电材料制成的传感器 以检测管道中的过程流动中的不稳定的压力扰动，其又可以转换成在管道内传播的声音的速度和/或速度，以及相对于多个支座布置的冷却管，用于主动冷却传感器 带; 并且还包括用于将一个或多个传感器信号转换成包含关于在管道中流动的流体或介质的流动的信息的测量的处理模块，以及用于处理流过冷却管的冷却流体的泵和热交换器。 该处理包括将冷却流体保持在期望的操作温度。

公开(公告)号：US6118914A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-12

申请号：US119269

申请日：1998-07-20

Applicant: Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  James R. Dunphy

Inventor： Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  James R. Dunphy

IPC: G02B6/34

CPC classification number: G02B6/0218

Abstract: A device for providing optical reference signals includes an optical fiber having a reference array formed therein, the array including at least one reference fiber Bragg grating. The array is mounted on a mounting fixture having a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The mounting fixture is in thermal contact with a thermoelectric (TE) element, and a controller controls the temperature of the TE element. A temperature sensor is in thermal contact with the mounting fixture and provides feedback to the controller to control to the temperature of the TE element to thereby maintain the temperature of the mounting fixture at a selected temperature. The other side of the temperature control element is mounting to a heat sink element. The optical fiber is attached to the mounting fixture in a configuration that minimizes any stress or strain in the optical fiber. The array includes a plurality of reference fiber Bragg gratings, and each grating is positioned in the same location on the surface of the mounting fixture. The device may be positioned in an insulating package to further enhance the temperature stability of the mounting fixture and to minimize any temperature variations or gradients in the mounting fixture.

Abstract translation: 用于提供光学参考信号的装置包括其中形成有参考阵列的光纤，该阵列包括至少一个参考光纤布拉格光栅。 该阵列安装在具有低热膨胀系数的安装夹具上。 安装夹具与热电（TE）元件热接触，控制器控制TE元件的温度。 温度传感器与安装夹具热接触，并向控制器提供反馈以控制TE元件的温度，从而将安装夹具的温度保持在选定的温度。 温度控制元件的另一侧安装在散热元件上。 光纤以使光纤中的任何应力或应变最小化的结构附接到安装固定装置。 该阵列包括多个参考光纤布拉格光栅，并且每个光栅位于安装夹具表面上的相同位置。 该装置可以定位在绝缘包装中，以进一步增强安装夹具的温度稳定性并使安装夹具中的任何温度变化或梯度最小化。

公开(公告)号：US5604836A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-18

申请号：US570049

申请日：1995-12-11

Applicant: James R. Dunphy ,  Robert M. Rukus ,  Jong-Min Ha

Inventor： James R. Dunphy ,  Robert M. Rukus ,  Jong-Min Ha

IPC: G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/36 ,  G02B6/38

CPC classification number: G02B6/3644 ,  G02B6/3887

Abstract: An optical fiber entry strain relief interface includes a composite structure (lay-up) 10 having an optical fiber 20 embedded therein. The optical fiber 20 enters (or exits) the lay-up 10 at at least one point 24 and passes through transition layers 47 comprising an adhesive film 42, a thin rubber sealing layer 44, and a thick rubber strain relief layer 46, and through a polymer plug 48 located above the layer 46. The lay-up is consolidated by heating the lay-up over a temperature profile and applying pressure through mostly closed compression molding tools 30,32. The adhesive film 42 bonds the adjacent layer 44 to the upper surface of the lay-up 10, the sealing layer 44 becomes soft enough to seal around the fiber 20 at a temperature lower than the temperature at which the resin 16 exhibits a low enough viscosity to leak out of the lay-up 10, thereby preventing the resin from leaking out of the lay-up 10 during lay-up consolidation, the strain relief layer 46 provides a rubber strain relief for the optical fiber 20, and the plug 48 supports the layers 47 during consolidation.

Abstract translation: 光纤入口应变消除接口包括嵌入其中的光纤20的复合结构（叠层）10。 光纤20在至少一个点24处进入（或离开）叠层10，并穿过包括粘合膜42，薄橡胶密封层44和厚橡胶应变消除层46的过渡层47，并通过 位于层46上方的聚合物塞48.通过在温度分布上加热叠层并通过大部分封闭的压缩模制工具30,32施加压力来将叠层固结。 粘合膜42将相邻层44粘合到层叠体10的上表面，密封层44变得足够柔软，以便在低于树脂16表现出足够低粘度的温度的温度下围绕纤维20密封 从层叠体10漏出，从而防止树脂在层叠固结期间从层叠体10泄漏出来，应变消除层46为光纤20提供橡胶应变消除，插头48支承 巩固期间的层47。

公开(公告)号：US5401956A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-28

申请号：US129217

申请日：1993-09-29

Applicant: James R. Dunphy ,  Kenneth P. Falkowich

Inventor： James R. Dunphy ,  Kenneth P. Falkowich

IPC: G01D5/353 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01M11/00 ,  H01J5/16

CPC classification number: G01D5/35335 ,  G01D5/35312

Abstract: An optical sensor diagnostic system includes a tunable narrow wavelength-band source 9 which provides a variable wavelength light 44 into an optical fiber 32,52. Reflective sensors 54,58, such as Bragg gratings, are disposed along the fiber 52 in the path of the variable light 44. The sensors 54,58 transmit light 56,60 having a minimum transmission wavelength which varies due to a perturbation, such as strain, imposed thereon. A tuner control circuit 42 drives the tunable light source 9 to cause the source light 44 to scan across a predetermined wavelength range to illuminate each sensor at its minimum transmission wavelength. The power of the transmitted light is converted to an electrical signal by a detector 64 and monitored by a signal processor 68 which detects drops in transmitted power level and provides output signals on lines 71 indicative of the perturbation for each sensor. The system may be configured in open loop mode to measure static strains, or closed loop mode to track static strains and measure dynamic strains. Also, the system may be used in a Fabry-Perot configuration to provide a very sensitive strain detection system. Further, the system may be configured in reflection or transmission mode.

Abstract translation: 光学传感器诊断系统包括可调谐窄波段光源9，其将可变波长光44提供到光纤32,52中。 诸如布拉格光栅的反射传感器54,58沿着可变光44的路径中的光纤52布置。传感器54,58透射具有由于扰动而变化的最小透射波长的光56,60，例如 应变。 调谐器控制电路42驱动可调谐光源9，以使源光44在预定波长范围内扫描，以以最小透射波长照亮每个传感器。 透射光的功率由检测器64转换成电信号，并由信号处理器68监视，信号处理器68检测发射功率电平的下降，并在线71上提供指示每个传感器扰动的输出信号。 该系统可以以开环模式配置，以测量静态应变，或闭环模式来跟踪静态应变并测量动态应变。 此外，该系统可以以法布里 - 珀罗（Fabry-Perot）配置使用，以提供非常敏感的应变检测系统。 此外，系统可以被配置为反射或传输模式。

公开(公告)号：US4482247A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-13

申请号：US512311

申请日：1983-07-08

Applicant: Gerald Meltz ,  Leon A. Newman ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Martin C. Foster

Inventor： Gerald Meltz ,  Leon A. Newman ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Martin C. Foster

IPC: G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/53 ,  G01N2021/151

Abstract: A sensor employs a laser to obtain a collimated light beam for transmission across the gas effluent of a catalytic cracking process. Particulate matter entrained in the gas flow forward scatters light energy to a collecting aperture which, in turn focuses the scattered light on a first photodetector. A second photodetector receives directly transmitted light energy. A ratio between the output signals of the two photodetectors is derived and presented to a threshold level detector. If the magnitude of the scatter exceeds a predetermined level it is concluded that a catalyst load dump has occurred. The optical system is carefully selected to ensure that only light energy scattered from a sample volume within the entrained gas flow reaches the first photodetector. This is important because it prevents particulate matter on the surfaces of the transparent windows from affecting the operating of the sensor.

Abstract translation: 传感器采用激光器获得准直光束，用于穿过催化裂化过程的气体流出物。 携带在气体流中的颗粒物质将光能分散到收集孔，聚集孔又将散射光聚焦在第一光电检测器上。 第二光电检测器接收直接透射的光能。 导出两个光电检测器的输出信号之间的比率并将其呈现给阈值电平检测器。 如果散射的大小超过预定水平，则可以得出结论，已经发生了催化剂负载突降。 仔细选择光学系统，以确保只有从夹带气体流中的样品体积散射的光能才能到达第一光电检测器。 这是重要的，因为它可以防止透明窗口表面上的颗粒物质影响传感器的运行。

公开(公告)号：US08351755B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-08

申请号：US13270903

申请日：2011-10-11

Applicant: James R. Dunphy ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Trevor MacDougall ,  Matthew J. Patterson

Inventor： James R. Dunphy ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Trevor MacDougall ,  Matthew J. Patterson

IPC: G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/4248 ,  G01D5/268 ,  G02B6/3801

Abstract: An optical fiber feedthrough assembly includes a glass plug disposed in a recess of a feedthrough housing. The glass plug may define a large-diameter, cane-based, waveguide sealed within the recess in the housing and providing optical communication through the housing. Sealing occurs with respect to the housing at or around the glass plug of an optical waveguide element passing through the housing by braze sealing to the glass plug and/or embedding the glass plug in a polymer bonded with the plug to form a molded body that is sealed in the housing by, for example, compression mounting of the molded body or providing a sealing element around the molded body.

Abstract translation: 光纤馈通组件包括设置在馈通壳体的凹部中的玻璃插头。 玻璃塞可以限定一个大直径的基于甘蔗的波导，该波导密封在壳体的凹槽内并提供通过壳体的光学连通。 相对于穿过壳体的光波导元件的玻璃塞或其周围的壳体，通过钎焊密封玻璃塞和/或将玻璃塞嵌入到与插塞接合的聚合物中而形成密封，以形成模制体， 通过例如压缩安装模制体或在模制体周围提供密封元件来密封在壳体中。

公开(公告)号：US20100266243A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-21

申请号：US12826328

申请日：2010-06-29

Applicant: James R. Dunphy ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Trevor MacDougall ,  Matthew J. Patterson

Inventor： James R. Dunphy ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Trevor MacDougall ,  Matthew J. Patterson

IPC: G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/44 ,  G02B6/36 ,  G02B6/02 ,  B05D5/06

CPC classification number: G02B6/4248 ,  G01D5/268 ,  G02B6/3801

Abstract: An optical fiber feedthrough assembly includes a glass plug disposed in a recess of a feedthrough housing. The glass plug may define a large-diameter, cane-based, waveguide sealed within the recess in the housing and providing optical communication through the housing. Sealing occurs with respect to the housing at or around the glass plug of an optical waveguide element passing through the housing by braze sealing to the glass plug and/or embedding the glass plug in a polymer bonded with the plug to form a molded body that is sealed in the housing by, for example, compression mounting of the molded body or providing a sealing element around the molded body.

Abstract translation: 光纤馈通组件包括设置在馈通壳体的凹部中的玻璃插头。 玻璃塞可以限定一个大直径的基于甘蔗的波导，该波导密封在壳体的凹槽内并提供通过壳体的光学连通。 相对于穿过壳体的光波导元件的玻璃塞或其周围的壳体，通过钎焊密封玻璃塞和/或将玻璃塞嵌入到与插塞接合的聚合物中而形成密封，以形成模制体， 通过例如压缩安装模制体或在模制体周围提供密封元件来密封在壳体中。

公开(公告)号：US07013729B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-21

申请号：US10933132

申请日：2004-09-02

Applicant: Sverre Knudsen ,  Arne Berg ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Daniel Woo

Inventor： Sverre Knudsen ,  Arne Berg ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Daniel Woo

IPC: G01P15/08

CPC classification number: G01V1/181 ,  G01P15/093 ,  G01V1/226

Abstract: A highly sensitive accelerometer for determining the acceleration of a structure includes a mass within a housing suspended by opposing support members. The support members are alternately wound around a pair of fixed mandrels and the mass in a push pull arrangement. At least a portion of one of the support members comprises a transducer capable measuring the displacement of the mass within the housing. An embodiment of the invention employs optical fiber coils as the support members for use in interferometric sensing processes. Arrays of such interferometer based accelerometers may be multiplexed using known techniques.

公开(公告)号：US06885785B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-26

申请号：US10894153

申请日：2004-07-19

Applicant: James R. Dunphy ,  James J. Ryan

Inventor： James R. Dunphy ,  James J. Ryan

IPC: G01B11/16 ,  B29C35/02 ,  B29C70/54 ,  C03C25/10 ,  G01D5/353 ,  G01M11/08 ,  G01N11/00 ,  G01N33/44 ,  G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G01M11/083 ,  B29C35/0288 ,  B29C70/54 ,  B29K2105/108 ,  C03C25/1063 ,  G01B11/18 ,  G01D5/35316 ,  G01M11/086 ,  G01N33/44 ,  G02B6/02104 ,  G02B6/022

Abstract: An optical corrosion sensor employs an optical fiber Bragg grating 20 embedded within an optical fiber 18. The grating 20 has a coating 40 made of a material, such as aluminum, which corrodes or can otherwise be removed. The coating 40 exerts forces 46 radially inward around and along the grating 20 so as to cause the wavelength bandwidth of the grating reflectivity profile to become broader and to be shifted relative to its uncoated condition. Also, the forces on the grating 20 are reduced when the coating corrodes, thereby causing the wavelength bandwidth and shift of the reflectivity profile of the grating to narrow and to return to its uncoated condition.

Abstract translation: 光学腐蚀传感器采用嵌入在光纤18内的光纤布拉格光栅20。 光栅20具有由诸如铝的材料制成的涂层40，其被腐蚀或以其它方式被去除。 涂层40在光栅20周围沿径向向内施加力46，以使光栅反射率分布的波长带宽变得更宽并相对于其未涂覆的状态移动。 此外，当涂层腐蚀时，光栅20上的力减小，从而导致光栅的波长带宽和反射率分布的偏移变窄并返回到其未涂覆状态。

公开(公告)号：US06865194B1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-08

申请号：US09455866

申请日：1999-12-06

Applicant: Christopher J. Wright ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

Inventor： Christopher J. Wright ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

IPC: G01K11/32 ,  H01S3/30 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01K11/32

Abstract: A strain-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical sensing element 20,600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having at least one Bragg grating 12 disposed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating 12 disposed therein, which senses temperature changes but is substantially not sensitive to strains on the element caused by the fiber or other effects. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected at a reflection wavelength λ1. The shape of the sensing element 20,600 may be other geometries and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used or more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the element 20,600 may be doped between a pair of gratings 150,152, disposed therein to form a temperature tunable laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150,152 may be constructed as a temperature tunable DFB laser disposed in the element. Also, the element may have an inner or outer tapered regions 22,27, respectively, to provide strain relief and/or added pull strength for the fiber 10. Further, the fiber 10 and the tube 20 may be made of different coefficients of thermal expansion for increased sensitivity.

Abstract translation: 应变隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器包括光学传感元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有布置在其中的至少一个布拉格光栅12，该布拉格光栅12被封装在玻璃毛细管20的至少一部分内并且熔合到玻璃毛细管20和/ 大直径波导光栅600具有芯和宽包层并且其中布置有光栅12，其感测温度变化，但对由纤维或其它效应引起的元件上的应变基本上不敏感。 光14入射在光栅12上，光16以反射波长λ1反射。 感测元件20,600的形状可以是其他几何形状，和/或可以使用多于一个的同心管，或者可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，或者可以使用多于一个的光纤或光纤。 元件20,600的至少一部分可以被掺杂在放置在其中的一对光栅150,152之间以形成温度可调激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可以被构造为设置在元件中的温度可调谐DFB激光器。 此外，元件可以分别具有内部或外部锥形区域22,27，以为纤维10提供应变消除和/或增加的拉伸强度。此外，纤维10和管子20可以由不同的热系数 扩大灵敏度提高。