摘要:
A composition comprising a mixture of fluoropolyether acids or salts having a number average value of about 800 to about 2500 g/mol. The amount of fluoropolyether acids or salt in the mixture having a molecular weight of not more than 500 g/mol is not more than 50 ppm by weight of the total amount of fluoropolyether acids or salts in the mixture. The amount of fluoropolyether acids or salts in the mixture having a molecular weight of 2500 g/mol or greater is not more than 40% by weight of the total amount of fluoropolyether acids or salts in the mixture. Preferably the fluoropolyether acids or salts comprise an anionic group selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfonamide anion and phosphonate. Also disclosed is an aqueous dispersion polymerization process for fluoropolymer manufacture employing polymerization agent comprising the specified mixture of fluoropolyether acids or salts.
摘要:
Various 13C and 14C carbon labeled compounds Rf—bCF(U)y(T)z Formula 1A or Rf—bCF2bCF(U)y(T)z Formula 1B wherein Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl radical Z(CmF2m)—, m is 1, 3 to 20, or a mixture thereof; Z is F when m is 1, and Z is F, Cl, or H when m is 3 to 20 or a mixture thereof; b is 13 or 14; y is 1, and z is 0 or 1; and when y and z are each 1, U is F, and T is selected from the group consisting of monovalent radicals —X wherein X is I or Br, —CH2—CH2—X, —CH═CH2, —CH2—CH2—OH, —CH2—COOH, —CH2OH, —bCH2OH, —COOH, —bCOOH, —O—CF(CF3)—C(O)F, —O—CF(CF3)—X, —SO2Y wherein Y is H, F or Cl, and —SO3H; and when y is 1, and z is 0, U is selected from the group consisting of divalent radicals ═CH—COOH, ═CH—CH2—OH, and ═O, are disclosed, and a process for their preparation which selectively introduces 13C and 14C carbon labels into a fluoroalkyl chain.
摘要:
A process to prepare substituted aryl pnictogen derivatives comprising contacting a fluoropolyether or fluoroalkyl primary bromide or iodide, with a pnictogen derivative such as triaryl phosphine, triaryl arsine, or triaryl stibine or triaryl phosphine oxide, triaryl arsine oxide or triaryl stibine oxide, to produce the corresponding fluoropolyether- or fluoroalkyl-substituted aryl phosphine oxide, aryl arsine oxide or aryl stibine oxide; and optionally, contacting the oxide product with a reducing agent to form the corresponding substituted aryl phosphine, arsine or stibine.
摘要:
Techniques and systems are described that assist in predicting, diagnosing, and/or managing an incident in a utility service area. A communication system is provided in the service area to communicate with nodes of the service area. Nodes of the service area may communicate with the communication system using a variety of different communication technologies and/or communication protocols. In some instances, the communication system may detect a communication technology and/or a communication protocol used by a node.
摘要:
The present invention provides combined property, dual-action aqueous and dry compositions for application to a material, such as conventional Gypsum Wall Board, ceiling tiles, joint compounds, concrete and other interior building materials, prior to an exposure of the material to fire, or prior to, during or after exposure of the material to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes, and related methods. When compositions within the present invention are properly applied to a material prior to the material being exposed to fire, or prior to, during or after the material being exposed to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes, these compositions have the effect of reducing the amount of burning that occurs to the material, and/or reducing the amount or density of smoke and associated toxic gases produced by the material, when the material is exposed to fire. These compositions also have the effect of inhibiting or reducing the growth, build-up or deposit of microbes on the material when the material is exposed to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes.
摘要:
The present invention relates to compositions comprising iodotrifluoromethane and an effective amount of at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of hindered phenols, thiophosphates, butylated triphenylphosphorothionates, organo phosphates, phosphites, aryl alkyl ethers, terpenes, terpenoids, epoxides, fluorinated epoxides, oxetanes, ascorbic acid, thiols, lactones, thioethers, amines, nitromethane, alkylsilanes, benzophenone derivatives, aryl sulfides, divinyl terephalic acid, diphenyl terephalic acid, ionic liquids, and mixtures thereof. These stabilized iodotrifluoromethane compositions may be useful as working fluids in multiple applications including cooling apparatus, such as refrigeration, air-conditioning, chillers, and heat pumps.
摘要:
Techniques and systems are described that assist in predicting, diagnosing, and/or managing an incident in a utility service area. A communication system is provided in the service area to communicate with nodes of the service area. Nodes of the service area may communicate with the communication system using a variety of different communication technologies and/or communication protocols. In some instances, nodes of the communication are capable of two-way communication with the communication system.
摘要:
The present invention provides compositions for application to a material, such as building materials, prior to an exposure of the material to fire, or prior to, during or after exposure of the material to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes. When compositions within the present invention are properly applied to a material, they have the effect of reducing the amount of burning that occurs to the material, and/or reducing the amount or density of smoke and associated toxic gases produced by the material, when the material is exposed to fire, and inhibiting the growth of microbes on the material when the material is exposed to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes. The invention also provides methods for reducing the burning of a material that is exposed to fire, and for inhibiting the growth of microbes on a material exposed to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes.
摘要:
An inverter apparatus has an adaptable high-resolution voltage-to-frequency (V/f) control. The inverter apparatus receives an analog input signal and includes a first circuit, a second circuit, a third circuit, and a micro-controller unit. The first circuit processes a small-signal portion of the analog input signal with a larger voltage gain. The second and the third circuit both processes large-signal portions of the analog input signal with smaller voltage gains respectively. The three processed analog input signals of the first, the second, and the third circuits are converted into three digital output values respectively. The largest digital output value is selected by the micro-controller unit and supplied to a frequency operation unit for generating a corresponding output frequency.