Abstract:
A slag trap structure is for use where synthesis gas is generated having small particulate slag entrained therewith. It has a high pressure shell with a body of water at the bottom for quenching and removing the slag. There is a coaxial inner wall to direct the flow of synthesis gas and slag down from an inlet at the top toward the body of water. And there is an outlet spaced substantially above the level of the water to cause reversal of the gas and slag flow. Also, there is means for recirculating some clean gas in conjunction with the inner wall to direct a swirling flow that confines the downward flow centrally in the vessel.
Abstract:
Solid carbonaceous fuels are converted into gaseous fuels by a process comprising liquefying at least a portion of the solid fuel, subjecting a portion of the high boiling product to gasification with substantially pure oxygen to provide hydrogen for the liquefaction, subjecting the balance of the high boiling product to gasification with air to provide a gaseous product used as the stripping medium to remove lighter boiling materials from the liquefaction product and recovering fuel gas from the stripping zone overhead.
Abstract:
Power is developed by an expansion turbine in which the working fluid is a gaseous mixture comprising all of the hot raw gas stream leaving an unpacked partial oxidation gas generator, after removing if present a portion of the entrained solids, in admixture with a temperature moderating stream. A molal increase is associated with the partial oxidation process. Power is obtained from this molal increase in addition to the power obtained from the elevated pressure and sensible heat in the hot raw partial oxidation product gas. The temperature moderating stream may comprise a recycle portion of the turbine exhaust gas stream after being cooled, cleaned, optionally water-gas shifted or purified, or both, and recompressed. Alternatively, the recycle gas stream may be mixed with water, steam, or both. In one embodiment the temperature moderating stream comprises liquid water or condensate produced in the process. Auxiliary gas compressors for recompressing said recycle gas, and optionally for compressing a free-oxygen containing gas for use in the gas generation zone may be driven by said expansion turbine. Similarly, an electric generator may be coupled to the turbine shaft.
Abstract:
A raw synthesis gas feed stream, e.g., gaseous mixtures comprising H.sub.2 and CO and containing gaseous impurities including CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 S, COS, and mixtures thereof (acid gas) and CH.sub.4, optionally in admixture with a CO-rich gas stream produced subsequently in the process, is introduced into a water-gas shift reactor to produce H.sub.2 and CO.sub.2. Acid gases are then removed to produce a stream of purified synthesis gas by contacting the process gas stream with a first liquid solvent absorbent such as methanol, N-methyl-pyrrolidone, or dimethyl ether of polyethylene glycol. An H.sub.2 -rich gas stream may be obtained by removing CO from the purified synthesis gas stream. This may be done by physical absorption in a second liquid solvent absorbent comprising an aqueous solution of cuprous ammonium acetate. By regenerating the second liquid solvent, the aforesaid CO-rich stream may be produced. The first liquid solvent absorbent may be desorbed of said acid gas and regenerated for reuse by such techniques as flashing plus reboiling or stripping. Advantageously, the gas used for stripping the first liquid solvent absorbent may be a portion of the synthesis gas feed either before or after removal of said acid-gas, or a portion of said H.sub.2 -rich product gas. The CO.sub.2 -rich gas optionally in admixture with stripping gas which is produced during the regeneration of said first liquid solvent absorbent may be injected into a subterranean oil reservoir to effect secondary or tertiary recovery of oil. Optionally, H.sub.2 S may be in admixture with said CO.sub.2 -rich gas mixture.
Abstract:
Free carbon soot entrained in the product gas of a free-flow synthesis gas generator is recovered in a sedimentation vessel as part of a thickened dispersion of solids in water from which clear supernatant water is easily separated by supplying particulate petroleum coke to the sedimentation vessel or to the reaction zone of said gas generator as a portion of the fuel, or by mixing the carbon soot-water dispersion in the sedimentation vessel with a thickened water slurry of unconverted petroleum coke such as produced by quenching in water the product gas of a second free-flow synthesis gas generator in which the fuel comprises raw particulate petroleum coke and the thickened underflow from said sedimentation vessel.