摘要:
A bipolar plate for use in an electrochemical device is proposed, in which a flow duct runs between two outer boundary surfaces and extends from a peripheral fluid inlet to a peripheral fluid outlet. As a result, very good cooling of electrochemical cells via a bipolar plate which is in surface contact therewith can be achieved.
摘要:
An automatic take-off and landing control device for an aircraft is provided. The control device comprises at least two of at least one local tracking device adapted for receiving at least one local signal from at least one local ground station and for determining a position of the aircraft based on the local signals, at least one GNSS tracking device adapted for receiving a GNSS signal and for determining a position of the aircraft based on the GNSS signal; and at least one camera device adapted for observing an environment of the aircraft and for determining a position of the aircraft based on the camera signal.
摘要:
A method for autonomous controlling of an aerial vehicle, wherein a flight operator commands the aerial vehicle, comprising the steps of: measuring flight and/or system data of the aerial vehicle; performing an evaluation of a flight condition of the aerial vehicle based on the measured data and based on at least one decision criterion; and, issuing at least one autonomous controlling command, if, as a result of the evaluation of the flight condition, the aerial vehicle is in danger.
摘要:
A device for carrying fuel in aircraft and spacecraft includes a carrier element having a longitudinal axis, and a fuel tank with a side wall and a chamber at least partially delimited by the side wall. The tank is arranged in the carrier element. The chamber and the side wall extend in a direction along the longitudinal axis. The side wall has a pressure-receiving component that converts a pressure from the chamber on the side wall into a contraction force acting on the side wall along the longitudinal axis. The contraction force compensates for an expansion force, resulting from the pressure from the chamber and acting on the side wall along the longitudinal axis. This provides an improved device for carrying fuel in aircraft and spacecraft, wherein the aircraft and spacecraft has constant flight mechanical properties because of the device.
摘要:
An energy management system for an aircraft, wherein the energy management system comprises a fuel cell configured to convert chemical energy into electric energy, at least one energy source configured to provide electric energy, at least one electrical load, an electric bus electrically coupled to the fuel cell, the at least one energy source, and the at least one electrical load, and a controller configured to control the at least one electrical load in such a manner that a minimum load to the fuel cell is ensured. Furthermore, an aircraft comprises such energy management system. A method for managing energy in a system comprises electrically coupling a fuel cell, at least one energy source, and at least one electrical load by an electric bus, and controlling at least one electrical load in such a manner that a minimum load to the fuel cell is ensured.
摘要:
A method for operating an at least temporarily unmanned aircraft, wherein a flight is performed according to a prior flight plan in an airspace controlled by a control instance. A flight direction is determined during the flight via a control device influenced via a data connection by a control instance. The data connection is temporarily unavailable, and a hazardous or emergency situation requiring deviation from the flight plan, is identified by the control device based on first sensor data. An avoidance route is determined by the control device based on a second sensor data, the avoidance route including a avoidance manoeuvre avoiding the hazardous or emergency situation, the avoidance route is used in the meantime to fly towards a destination area with the least possible volume of air traffic; and the necessary avoidance manoeuvre(s) are performed based on the second data by the control device in an autonomous staggering procedure.
摘要:
A method for autonomous controlling of a remote controlled aerial vehicle, wherein a flight operator commands the aerial vehicle, comprising the steps of: initializing a data link between the aerial vehicle and a ground segment; determining an operation condition of the data link during use of the data link; and issuing at least one autonomous controlling command, if, as a result of the determining, a loss of the data link is determined.
摘要:
A method for an aircraft for handling potential collisions in air traffic includes providing by a collision avoidance system a collision avoidance maneuver to avoid a collision with one or more intruders. The collision avoidance system is configured to obtain information about these intruders. The method includes further providing flight management constraints from an onboard flight system. Further, the method includes providing flight situation data from a navigation system. The method includes generating a modified collision avoidance maneuver based on the collision avoidance maneuver provided by the collision avoidance system, the flight situation data and the flight management constraints.
摘要:
An aircraft navigation system and navigation method. The system comprises a civil-certified GPS-receiver for determining first position information based on C/A-GPS-signals, and a military-type GPS-receiver for determining a second position information based on P(Y)-GPS-signals. A monitoring unit detects a first abnormal condition during jamming conditions within the C/A-GPS-signals. The unit compares the first position information with the second position information and detects a second abnormal condition when a difference between these position information is larger than a threshold value for more than a threshold duration. Upon detecting an abnormal condition, an alert procedure is initiated. In remotely piloted aircraft, Command & Control link-loss is also monitored and during link-loss, a transponder code automatically indicates communication failure. When in such situation an abnormal condition is additionally detected, a transponder code indicates airborne emergency and, subsequently, the aircraft navigation system is switched to navigating based on position information from the military-type GPS-receiver.
摘要:
A control and/or management system for a vehicle includes at least one of: (A) at least two redundant vehicle management computers configured to generate system control commands for each maneuvering actuators and for each system actor based on the data acquired by the sensors; (B) at least two redundant remote interface units for interconnecting a sensor or a system actor with a vehicle management computer; (C) at least two redundant actuator control computers configured to generate control commands for each maneuvering actuator based on received maneuvering commands; and (D) a common interface for connecting an external computer, the common interface being directly connected to at least two redundant computers.