摘要:
A free electron laser is disclosed. The free electron laser separates pulse bunching at a first electron energy from light generation stage at a second electron energy. A first wiggler pulse bunches the electrons and a second wiggler generates light. The first wiggler may be an optical buncher with an injected seed wave, and the second wiggler can be a magnetic wiggler, optical wiggler, resonant transition radiator, parametric radiation radiator, Cerenkov radiation radiator or a Smith-Purcell radiation radiator. The disclosed free electron laser is particularly useful for lithography applications at an extreme ultraviolet wavelength range near 13.5 nm.
摘要:
A superconductor-based modulator includes a superconductor coupled to a cold reservoir to receive extreme ultra-violet (EUV) light beams. The light beams are modulated by altering transmission and reflection properties of the superconductor. Magnetic field, temperature, or a combination of both, may be used to control the superconducting properties of the superconductor. The modulator may perform temporal, spatial, and grey-scale modulations. The surface of the superconductor may be patterned with heat or infrared radiation to facilitate light focusing.
摘要:
A method includes downloading searchable data to a mobile device, the searchable data comprising coverage statements for treatments wherein each coverage statement is associated with a combination of state, company, plan, diagnosis and treatment. A user interface is displayed on the mobile device providing controls each configured to receive a respective selection of a state, company, plan, diagnosis and treatment. The selections of the state, company, plan, diagnosis and treatment are used to search the searchable data and to retrieve at least one coverage statement. The at least one coverage statement is displayed on the user interface.
摘要:
The U-shaped closet flange is an auxiliary closet flange for use with a toilet that is seated onto an existing closet flange. The U-shaped closet flange fits around the rear base of a toilet from above the floor surface, and which improves the overall stability of the toilet by encircling the rear base of the toilet as well as across tops of opposing side lips of said base of said toilet. The U-shaped closet flange includes two generally parallel members that include grooves thereon to accommodate varying locales of bolts and bolt holes that extend up through the base of the toilet. The parallel members each include parallel base members that engage the floor surface, and interconnect with a cross member. Holes provided on the U-shaped closet flange enable screws to secure both the U-shaped closet flange and toilet in place to the surrounding floor.
摘要:
A door closer has a housing for connection to a door and a drive spindle (10) coupled to the door. As the door moves the spindle (10) and housing (11) rotate relative to one another. The relative movement is translated by a piston and cam mechanism (21, 22) into a force that is used to separate a pair of magnets (28). The magnetic attraction of the magnet pairs (28) serves as a force to resist opening of the door and biases the door from an open to a closed position. At least one first magnet is coupled to the drive member and at least one second magnet (32) coupled to the housing. The magnets are arranged in the housing with their opposite poles facing one another such that there is a magnetic force of attraction between them. At least one further biasing spring (36) may be provided to provide a biasing force after the magnetic force has diminished by separation of the magnets.
摘要:
Techniques for efficiently performing network selection using information stored at a terminal are described herein. The terminal may store coverage information for previously detected wireless networks, cell information for previously detected cells in wireless networks, usage information for previously accessed wireless networks, availability information for previously detected wireless networks, almanac information for cells in wireless networks (e.g., information on cells available at different locations and information for acquiring the cells), and/or other information that may be useful for network selection. The terminal may select a wireless network to attempt acquisition based on the stored coverage information and its current location, the stored cell information and information for the current location (e.g., an identity of a cell detected at the current location), the stored usage information, the stored availability information, and/or the stored almanac information.
摘要:
A vacuum cleaner includes an intake tube through which air is passed. An airflow deflector is disposed in the intake tube. A deflection surface of the airflow deflector is disposed at an obtuse angle with respect to a longitudinal axis of the intake tube passing through the deflection surface. The airflow deflector improves airflow from the intake tube into the vacuum bag, thereby improving the effectiveness of the vacuum cleaner.
摘要:
A preferred embodiment relates to controlling the amount of backlight in an electronic display to account for the temperature in the backlight cavity. Another embodiment relates to a system for controlling the amount of backlight based on both the temperature in the backlight cavity and the amount of ambient light. The embodiments are especially useful in electronic displays which are subjected to cold or warm temperatures and displays which are placed in very bright environments. Exemplary embodiments allow the display to remain visible, while avoiding possible damage due to high levels of heat or cold.
摘要:
A fluid degasification system for a hydraulic circuit includes a gas/fluid separation tank, a fluid entry passage directing fluid into a small foam generating cup containing foam and a small amount of additional fluid, thereby stimulating foam formation. A separation screen is positioned below the foam generating cup to receive bubbles formed in the cup and to allow liquid to pass through the screen to a degasified-fluid collecting chamber below the screen as the bubbles resting on the separation screen decompose.