公开(公告)号：US06359363B1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-19

申请号：US09508902

申请日：2000-03-17

申请人： Josef Foerstera ,  Hartmut Nitzsche ,  Bernhard Merschroth ,  Detlef Prahl ,  Michael Hermann

发明人： Josef Foerstera ,  Hartmut Nitzsche ,  Bernhard Merschroth ,  Detlef Prahl ,  Michael Hermann

IPC分类号： H02K1304

CPC分类号： H02K1/185 ,  H02K1/17 ,  H02K5/08 ,  H02K5/148 ,  H02K5/15 ,  H02K5/1672 ,  H02K5/24 ,  H02K11/33 ,  H02K15/00

摘要： A small commutator motor (1), in particular a blower motor for motor vehicles, has a rotor shaft (2) rotatably mounted in at least one rotor bearing (12) in a motor housing (8, 9). A commutator (18) and an armature winding (21) electrically connected with the commutator (18) are arranged on the rotor shaft (2) so as to be fixed with respect to rotation relative to it. Further, brush guides (11) for receiving brushes (16) held in sliding contact at the commutator (18) and an end shield (10) which fixes the first rotor bearing (12) in place are provided. The end shield (10) and the brush guides (11) are formed as a one-piece structural component part which is a component part of the motor housing (8, 9) as a first motor housing part (8).

摘要翻译： 小型换向器马达（特别是用于机动车辆的鼓风马达）具有转子轴（2），可旋转地安装在马达壳体（8,9）中的至少一个转子轴承（12）中。 与换向器（18）电连接的换向器（18）和电枢绕组（21）布置在转子轴（2）上，以相对于其相对于旋转而被固定。 另外，还提供了用于接收在整流子（18）处保持滑动接触的电刷（16）的电刷引导件（11）和将第一转子轴承（12）固定就位的端盖（10）。 端部屏蔽（10）和电刷引导件（11）形成为作为第一电动机容纳部（8）的作为电动机壳体（8,9）的组成部分的一体结构部件。

公开(公告)号：US5225746A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-06

申请号：US805154

申请日：1991-12-11

申请人： Johann von der Heide ,  Michael Hermann ,  Uwe Mueller

发明人： Johann von der Heide ,  Michael Hermann ,  Uwe Mueller

IPC分类号： H02P6/185

CPC分类号： H02P6/185

摘要： A brushless direct current motor is energized by a power stage. Switches of the power stage are selectively switched by an electronic control device. In order to determine the correct commutation pattern, without using rotor position indicators, the control device is arranged to tap the power fed to the motor. The samples received by the motor, in an ordered sequence, define an analogue function whose parameters can be determined by vector addition. The computations applied to the sample enable the necessary commutating information and signals to be generated in a particularly rapid manner.

摘要翻译： 无刷直流电机由功率级供电。 功率级的开关由电子控制装置选择性地切换。 为了确定正确的换向模式，在不使用转子位置指示器的情况下，控制装置被布置成分接供给电动机的功率。 电动机以有序的顺序接收的样品定义了一个模拟功能，其参数可以通过矢量加法来确定。 应用于样本的计算能够以特别快速的方式产生必要的整流信息和信号。

公开(公告)号：US09766098B2

公开(公告)日：2017-09-19

申请号：US13068659

申请日：2011-05-16

申请人： Wolfgang Holzapfel ,  Michael Hermann ,  Karsten Sändig

发明人： Wolfgang Holzapfel ,  Michael Hermann ,  Karsten Sändig

IPC分类号： G01B11/02 ,  G01N21/41 ,  G01B11/30 ,  G01D5/347 ,  G01D5/38

CPC分类号： G01D5/347 ,  G01D5/3473 ,  G01D5/38

摘要： An optical position measuring instrument including a scale and a scanning unit, wherein the scanning unit and the scale are movable with respect to one another. The scanning unit includes a detector unit, and a reflector unit that has a first and second wave front correctors and a beam direction inverter. The reflector unit is disposed so that beams first pass through the scale and the first wave front corrector, then a back-reflection of partial beams is effected in a direction of the scale, and the partial beams then pass through the scale and the second wave front corrector before the partial beams then arrive at the detector unit, wherein it is ensured that wave front deformations of the partial beams are converted into wave front deformations that compensate for resultant wave front deformations of the partial beams upon a second diffraction at the scale.

公开(公告)号：US20120292493A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-22

申请号：US13472274

申请日：2012-05-15

申请人： Michael Hermann

发明人： Michael Hermann

IPC分类号： G01D5/347

CPC分类号： G01D5/366 ,  G01D5/38

摘要： An optical position-measuring device includes a measuring standard and a scanning unit. The measuring standard includes an incremental graduation and at least one reference marking at a reference position. The reference marking has two reference-marking subfields disposed in mirror symmetry relative to a reference-marking axis of symmetry, each of the subfields including a grating structure having a locally changeable graduation period. The scanning unit includes a divergently emitting light source, one or more gratings, and a reference-signal detector system. The reference-signal detector system has at least four detector arrays formed and positioned such that, from the scanning of the reference marking via the reference-signal detector system, first and second pairs of partial reference signals result, in each case having a signal pattern in phase opposition. The first pair of partial reference signals is offset by an offset amount relative to the second pair of partial reference signals.

摘要翻译： 光学位置测量装置包括测量标准和扫描单元。 测量标准包括增量刻度和参考位置上的至少一个参考标记。 参考标记具有相对于参考标记对称轴以镜像对称的两个参考标记子场，每个子场包括具有局部可变的刻度周期的光栅结构。 扫描单元包括分散发射光源，一个或多个光栅和参考信号检测器系统。 参考信号检测器系统具有形成和定位的至少四个检测器阵列，使得从参考标记经由参考信号检测器系统的扫描，得到第一和第二对部分参考信号，在每种情况下都具有信号模式 同阶段反对。 第一对部分参考信号相对于第二对部分参考信号偏移偏移量。

公开(公告)号：US20120112050A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-10

申请号：US13288007

申请日：2011-11-02

申请人： Ralph Joerger ,  Michael Hermann ,  Wolfgang Holzapfel ,  Walter Huber

发明人： Ralph Joerger ,  Michael Hermann ,  Wolfgang Holzapfel ,  Walter Huber

IPC分类号： G01D5/347

CPC分类号： G01D5/38 ,  G01B11/2441

摘要： An optical position-measuring device includes a scanning bar extending in a first or second direction, and a scale extending in the other direction. The scale is offset by a scanning distance from the scanning bar in a third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions. The device has a light source whose light penetrates the scanning bar at an intersection point of the scanning bar and scale to fall on the scale and arrive back at the scanning bar. At a detector, the light is split by diffraction into different partial beams at optically effective structures of the scanning bar and scale and combined again. A periodic signal is obtained in the detector in response to: a shift between the scanning bar and scale in the first direction due to interference of combined partial beams, and a change in the scanning distance between the scanning bar and scale.

摘要翻译： 光学位置测量装置包括沿第一或第二方向延伸的扫描杆和沿另一个方向延伸的刻度。 在与第一和第二方向垂直的第三方向上，刻度尺距离扫描杆的扫描距离偏移。 该装置具有光源，其光在扫描条和刻度的交点处穿过扫描条，落在刻度上并返回扫描条。 在检测器处，通过衍射将光分解成不同的部分光束，在扫描条和刻度的光学有效结构上再次组合。 在检测器中响应于由于组合的部分光束的干扰而在第一方向上的扫描条和标尺之间的偏移以及扫描条和标尺之间的扫描距离的变化而在检测器中获得周期性信号。

公开(公告)号：US20110235051A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-29

申请号：US13065369

申请日：2011-03-21

申请人： Walter Huber ,  Birgit Lange ,  Michael Hermann

发明人： Walter Huber ,  Birgit Lange ,  Michael Hermann

IPC分类号： G01B11/02

CPC分类号： G01B11/14 ,  G01D5/34746 ,  G01D5/38

摘要： A device for interferential distance measurement that includes a light source that emits a light beam along a propagation direction and a scanning plate including a splitter that splits the light beam into a measurement beam and a reference beam. The device further including a reflector disposed spaced-apart in a direction of the propagation direction and a detector element. The measurement beam and the reference beam are propagated from the splitter along different optical paths toward the reflector, where a back reflection of the measurement beam and the reference beam occurs at the reflector toward the scanning plate. In addition, at a combining location the measurement beam and the reference beam attain interfering superposition, and wherein the measurement beam and the reference beam interfering at the combining location are detected by the detector element so that the detector element generates a distance signal regarding a distance between the scanning plate and the reflector.

摘要翻译： 一种用于干涉距离测量的装置，包括沿着传播方向发射光束的光源和包括将光束分裂成测量光束和参考光束的分离器的扫描板。 所述装置还包括沿传播方向的方向间隔布置的反射器和检测器元件。 测量光束和参考光束从分离器沿着不同的光路传播到反射器，其中测量光束和参考光束的反射在反射器处朝向扫描板发生。 另外，在组合位置处，测量光束和参考光束达到干涉叠加，并且其中在组合位置处干扰的测量光束和参考光束被检测器元件检测，使得检测器元件产生关于距离的距离信号 在扫描板和反射器之间。

公开(公告)号：US07872762B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-18

申请号：US12321642

申请日：2009-01-23

申请人： Michael Hermann ,  Karsten Sändig

发明人： Michael Hermann ,  Karsten Sändig

IPC分类号： G01B11/02 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01D5/36

CPC分类号： G01D5/38

摘要： An arrangement for generating phase-shifted incremental signals characterizing relative positions of two objects moving with respect to each other along a measuring direction. The measuring arrangement includes a light source emitting bundles of beams, a measurement grating, a plurality of optional gratings and a scanning unit. The scanning unit includes a grating in a scanning plane, wherein the grating includes a plurality of blocks arranged periodically along the measuring direction with a grating periodicity equaling a fringe pattern periodicity, and each block includes n grating sections arranged along the measuring direction, each of the n grating sections having a periodic grating structure, deflecting the bundles of beams propagated through each of the n grating sections in several different spatial directions. The scanning unit further includes a plurality of detector elements arranged downstream of the grating, wherein the detector elements are arranged in the spatial directions in the detector plane, and wherein the detector plane is located where the bundles of beams coming from the grating are spatially separated. The fringe pattern is formed in the scanning plane by the bundles of beams emitted by the light source interacting with the measurement grating and the optional gratings.

摘要翻译： 一种用于产生相移增量信号的装置，其特征在于沿着测量方向相对于彼此移动的两个物体的相对位置。 测量装置包括发射束束的光源，测量光栅，多个可选光栅和扫描单元。 扫描单元包括扫描平面中的光栅，其中光栅包括沿着测量方向周期性地布置的多个块，其光栅周期性等于条纹图案周期，并且每个块包括沿着测量方向布置的n个光栅部分， n个光栅部分具有周期性的光栅结构，使在多个不同空间方向上传播通过n个光栅部分中的每一个的光束束偏转。 扫描单元还包括布置在光栅下游的多个检测器元件，其中检测器元件沿检测器平面中的空间方向布置，并且其中检测器平面位于来自光栅的光束束在空间上分离 。 通过与测量光栅和可选光栅相互作用的光源发射的束束在扫描平面中形成条纹图案。

公开(公告)号：US07858922B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-28

申请号：US11942413

申请日：2007-11-19

申请人： Wolfgang Holzapfel ,  Michael Hermann ,  Karsten Saendig

发明人： Wolfgang Holzapfel ,  Michael Hermann ,  Karsten Saendig

IPC分类号： G01D5/34

CPC分类号： G01D5/2457 ,  G01D5/34784 ,  G01D5/38

摘要： A position-measuring device includes a scanning unit and a measuring graduation that is displaceable thereto in at least one measuring direction. The measuring graduation includes two incremental-graduation tracks extending in parallel in the measuring direction, between which a reference-marking track having at least one reference marking at a reference position extends. The scanning unit includes a first scanning device for generating the reference-pulse signal and a second scanning device for generating the incremental signals. To generate the incremental signals, a scanning beam acts at least once upon each incremental graduation in an incremental-signal scanning field.

摘要翻译： 位置测量装置包括扫描单元和在至少一个测量方向上可移动到其的测量刻度。 测量刻度包括在测量方向上平行延伸的两个增量刻度轨迹，在该基准标记轨道上具有在参考位置处具有至少一个参考标记的参考标记轨迹延伸。 扫描单元包括用于产生参考脉冲信号的第一扫描装置和用于产生增量信号的第二扫描装置。 为了生成增量信号，扫描光束在增量信号扫描场中的每个增量刻度上至少起作用一次。

公开(公告)号：US07672001B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-02

申请号：US11741078

申请日：2007-04-27

申请人： Michael Hermann

发明人： Michael Hermann

IPC分类号： G01B11/14

CPC分类号： G01B11/272

摘要： An apparatus and a method that can be used for qualitative or quantitative determination of the three-dimensional location of two bodies relative to one another which can be used, for example, to determine the mutual position of two bodies according to angular or translational coordinates. Furthermore, the apparatus and method can be used in a measurement robot or in a coordinate measurement device. The device composed of a device for emitting a light beam which is fanned in several planes and at least three, preferably four or more, optoelectronic line sensors or linear sensors for determination of the incidence points of the light beam which has been flared in several planes on the line sensors or an upstream target surface.

摘要翻译： 可用于定性或定量确定两个体相对于彼此的三维位置的装置和方法，其可用于例如根据角度或平移坐标来确定两个体的相互位置。 此外，该装置和方法可以用于测量机器人或坐标测量装置中。 该装置由用于发射在几个平面中扇形的光束的装置和至少三个，优选四个或更多个光电线路传感器或线性传感器组成，用于确定已经在几个平面中扩展的光束的入射点 在线传感器或上游目标表面上。

公开(公告)号：US20090195792A1

公开(公告)日：2009-08-06

申请号：US12321642

申请日：2009-01-23

申请人： Michael Hermann ,  Karsten Sandig

发明人： Michael Hermann ,  Karsten Sandig

IPC分类号： G01B11/14

CPC分类号： G01D5/38

摘要： An optical position measuring arrangement for the generation of n>1 phase-shifted incremental signals characterizing relative positions of two objects which are movable with respect to each other along a measuring direction. The optical position measuring arrangement includes a light source that emits bundles of beams, a measurement grating, a plurality of optional gratings and a scanning unit. The scanning unit includes a scanning grating arranged in a scanning plane, wherein the scanning grating includes a plurality of blocks arranged periodically along the measuring direction with a scanning grating periodicity TPAG equaling a fringe pattern periodicity TPS, and each block includes n grating sections (n=1, 2, 3, . . . ) of a width bx=TPAG/n, exclusively arranged along the measuring direction, and each of the n grating sections has a periodic grating structure, which causes a deflection of the bundles of beams propagated through each of the n grating sections in several spatial directions, in which resulting spatial directions of the n grating sections in a block differ. The scanning unit further includes a plurality of detector elements arranged downstream of the scanning grating, wherein the detector elements are arranged in the spatial directions in the detector plane, and wherein the detector plane is located in an area in which the bundles of beams coming from the scanning grating are completely spatially separated. The fringe pattern having a periodicity TPS is formed in the scanning plane by an interaction of the bundles of beams emitted by the light source with the measurement grating and the further optional gratings.

摘要翻译： 一种用于产生n> 1个相移增量信号的光学位置测量装置，其特征在于沿着测量方向可相对于彼此移动的两个物体的相对位置。 光学位置测量装置包括发射束束的光源，测量光栅，多个可选光栅和扫描单元。 扫描单元包括布置在扫描平面中的扫描光栅，其中扫描光栅包括沿着测量方向周期性地布置的多个块，扫描光栅周期性TPAG等于条纹图案周期性TPS，并且每个块包括n个光栅部分（n = 1,2,3，...），宽度bx = TPAG / n，沿着测量方向排列，并且n个光栅部分中的每一个具有周期性的光栅结构，这导致束传播的束的偏转 通过在几个空间方向上的n个光栅部分中的每一个，其中块中的n个光栅部分的所得空间方向不同。 扫描单元还包括布置在扫描光栅下游的多个检测器元件，其中检测器元件沿检测器平面中的空间方向布置，并且其中检测器平面位于波束束来自的区域中 扫描光栅完全在空间上分离。 具有周期性TPS的条纹图案通过由光源发射的光束与测量光栅和另外的可选光栅的相互作用在扫描平面中形成。