公开(公告)号：US20050240751A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-27

申请号：US11069889

申请日：2005-02-28

申请人： Gilbert Neiger ,  Stephen Chou ,  Erik Cota-Robles ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Richard Uhlig ,  Sebastian Schoenberg

发明人： Gilbert Neiger ,  Stephen Chou ,  Erik Cota-Robles ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Richard Uhlig ,  Sebastian Schoenberg

IPC分类号： G06F9/455 ,  G06F12/10 ,  G06F12/14 ,  G06F12/08

CPC分类号： G06F9/45537 ,  G06F12/1036 ,  G06F12/1491

摘要： In one embodiment, a method for supporting address translation in a virtual-machine environment includes creating a guest translation data structure to be used by a guest operating system for address translation operations, creating an active translation data structure based on the guest translation data structure, and periodically modifying the content of the active translation data structure to conform to the content of the guest translations data structure. The content of the active translation data structure is used by a processor to cache address translations in a translation-lookaside buffer (TLB).

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，一种用于在虚拟机环境中支持地址转换的方法包括：创建要由客户机操作系统用于地址转换操作的客户翻译数据结构，基于访客翻译数据结构创建活动翻译数据结构， 并且周期性地修改活动翻译数据结构的内容以符合客人翻译数据结构的内容。 处理器使用活动翻译数据结构的内容来缓存翻译后备缓冲器（TLB）中的地址转换。

公开(公告)号：US08806018B2

公开(公告)日：2014-08-12

申请号：US13436271

申请日：2012-03-30

申请人： Mor Harchol-Balter ,  Anshul Gandhi ,  Varun Gupta ,  Michael Kozuch

发明人： Mor Harchol-Balter ,  Anshul Gandhi ,  Varun Gupta ,  Michael Kozuch

IPC分类号： G06F15/173 ,  G06F9/06

CPC分类号： G06F9/06 ,  G06F9/5083 ,  G06F2209/5019

摘要： A dynamic capacity management policy for multi-paralleled computing resources (e.g., application servers, virtual application servers, etc.) that includes one or more of a state-change component, a load-balancing component, and a robustness-control component. The state-change component delays the release (e.g., powering down of a physical server, removal from a virtual-server lease, etc.) of each computing resource for a set amount of time. The load-balancing component can work in conjunction with the state-change component to reduce the number of idle computing resources by distributing incoming requests in a manner that keeps the already-processing computing resources as full of requests as possible. The robustness-control component scales capacity as a function of the current number of requests within the system of computing resources to account for variations other than request rate, such as request size, reduced processor frequency, network slowdowns, etc., that affect processing capacity.

摘要翻译： 用于多并行计算资源（例如，应用服务器，虚拟应用服务器等）的动态容量管理策略，其包括状态改变组件，负载均衡组件和鲁棒性控制组件中的一个或多个。 状态变化组件在一定时间内延迟每个计算资源的释放（例如，物理服务器的掉电，虚拟服务器租赁的移除等）。 负载平衡组件可以与状态变化组件一起工作，以通过以保持已经处理的计算资源尽可能满足请求的方式分发传入请求来减少空闲计算资源的数量。 鲁棒性控制组件根据计算资源系统内的当前请求数量来调节容量，以解决影响处理能力的请求速率（例如请求大小，降低的处理器频率，网络减速等）之外的变化 。

公开(公告)号：US20120254444A1

公开(公告)日：2012-10-04

申请号：US13436271

申请日：2012-03-30

申请人： Mor Harchol-Balter ,  Anshul Gandhi ,  Varun Gupta ,  Michael Kozuch

发明人： Mor Harchol-Balter ,  Anshul Gandhi ,  Varun Gupta ,  Michael Kozuch

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： G06F9/06 ,  G06F9/5083 ,  G06F2209/5019

摘要： A dynamic capacity management policy for multi-paralleled computing resources (e.g., application servers, virtual application servers, etc.) that includes one or more of a state-change component, a load-balancing component, and a robustness-control component. The state-change component delays the release (e.g., powering down of a physical server, removal from a virtual-server lease, etc.) of each computing resource for a set amount of time. The load-balancing component can work in conjunction with the state-change component to reduce the number of idle computing resources by distributing incoming requests in a manner that keeps the already-processing computing resources as full of requests as possible. The robustness-control component scales capacity as a function of the current number of requests within the system of computing resources to account for variations other than request rate, such as request size, reduced processor frequency, network slowdowns, etc., that affect processing capacity.

摘要翻译： 用于多并行计算资源（例如，应用服务器，虚拟应用服务器等）的动态容量管理策略，其包括状态改变组件，负载均衡组件和鲁棒性控制组件中的一个或多个。 状态变化组件在一定时间内延迟每个计算资源的释放（例如，物理服务器的掉电，虚拟服务器租赁的移除等）。 负载平衡组件可以与状态变化组件一起工作，以通过以保持已经处理的计算资源尽可能满足请求的方式分发传入请求来减少空闲计算资源的数量。 鲁棒性控制组件根据计算资源系统内的当前请求数量来调节容量，以解决影响处理能力的请求速率（例如请求大小，降低的处理器频率，网络减速等）之外的变化 。

公开(公告)号：US07191440B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-13

申请号：US09931072

申请日：2001-08-15

申请人： Erik Cota-Robles ,  Sebastian Schoenberg ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Gilbert Neiger ,  Richard Uhlig

发明人： Erik Cota-Robles ,  Sebastian Schoenberg ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Gilbert Neiger ,  Richard Uhlig

IPC分类号： G06F9/48 ,  G06F9/50 ,  G06F9/455

CPC分类号： G06F9/4881 ,  G06F9/45541 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F11/3466 ,  G06F2009/45566 ,  G06F2009/45591 ,  G06F2201/805 ,  G06F2201/86 ,  G06F2201/88

摘要： Transitions among schedulable entities executing in a computer system are tracked in computer hardware or in a virtual machine monitor. In one aspect, the schedulable entities are operating system processes and threads, virtual machines, and instruction streams executing on the hardware. In another aspect, the schedulable entities are processes or threads executing within the virtual machines under the control of the virtual machine monitor. The virtual machine monitor derives scheduling information from the transitions to enable a virtual machine system to guarantee adequate scheduling quality of service to real-time applications executing in virtual machines that contain both real-time and non-real-time applications. In still another aspect, a parent virtual machine monitor in a recursive virtualization system can use the scheduling information to schedule a child virtual machine monitor that controls multiple virtual machines.

摘要翻译： 在计算机系统中执行的可调度实体之间的转换在计算机硬件或虚拟机监视器中进行跟踪。 在一个方面，可调度实体是在硬件上执行的操作系统进程和线程，虚拟机和指令流。 在另一方面，可调度实体是在虚拟机监视器的控制下在虚拟机内执行的进程或线程。 虚拟机监视器从转换中导出调度信息，以使虚拟机系统能够保证对包含实时应用程序和非实时应用程序的虚拟机中执行的实时应用程序的适当调度服务质量。 在另一方面，递归虚拟化系统中的父虚拟机监视器可以使用调度信息来调度控制多个虚拟机的子虚拟机监视器。

公开(公告)号：US07035963B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-25

申请号：US09752587

申请日：2000-12-27

申请人： Gilbert Neiger ,  Stephen Chou ,  Erik Cota-Robles ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Richard Uhlig ,  Sebastian Schoenberg

发明人： Gilbert Neiger ,  Stephen Chou ,  Erik Cota-Robles ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Richard Uhlig ,  Sebastian Schoenberg

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/45558 ,  G06F12/0284 ,  G06F12/109 ,  G06F2009/45583

摘要： In one embodiment, a method for resolving address space conflicts includes detecting that a guest operating system attempts to access a region occupied by a first portion of a virtual machine monitor and relocating the first portion of the virtual machine monitor within the first address space to allow the guest operating system to access the region previously occupied by the first portion of the virtual machine monitor.

公开(公告)号：US20060075402A1

公开(公告)日：2006-04-06

申请号：US10956239

申请日：2004-09-30

申请人： Gilbert Neiger ,  Steven Bennett ,  Erik Cota-Robles ,  Sebastian Schoenberg ,  Clifford Hall ,  Dion Rodgers ,  Lawrence Smith ,  Andrew Anderson ,  Richard Uhlig ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Andy Glew

发明人： Gilbert Neiger ,  Steven Bennett ,  Erik Cota-Robles ,  Sebastian Schoenberg ,  Clifford Hall ,  Dion Rodgers ,  Lawrence Smith ,  Andrew Anderson ,  Richard Uhlig ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Andy Glew

IPC分类号： G06F9/455

CPC分类号： G06F9/45558

摘要： In one embodiment, a method includes transitioning control to a virtual machine (VM) from a virtual machine monitor (VMM), determining that a VMM timer indicator is set to an enabling value, and identifying a VMM timer value configured by the VMM. The method further includes periodically comparing a current value of a timing source with the VMM timer value, generating an internal event if the current value of the timing source has reached the VMM timer value, and transitioning control to the VMM in response to the internal event without incurring an event handling procedure in any one of the VMM and the VM.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，一种方法包括从虚拟机监视器（VMM）向虚拟机（VM）转换控制，确定VMM定时器指示符被设置为使能值，以及识别由VMM配置的VMM定时器值。 该方法还包括周期性地比较定时源的当前值与VMM定时器值，如果定时源的当前值达到VMM定时器值，则产生内部事件，并响应于内部事件转换到VMM 而不会在任何一个VMM和VM中引发事件处理过程。

公开(公告)号：US20050080937A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-14

申请号：US10973678

申请日：2004-10-25

申请人： Erik Cota-Robles ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Gilbert Neiger ,  Richard Uhlig

发明人： Erik Cota-Robles ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Gilbert Neiger ,  Richard Uhlig

IPC分类号： G06F12/10 ,  G06F3/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/1027 ,  G06F9/30076 ,  G06F12/1036 ,  G06F2212/151

摘要： One embodiment of the present invention is a technique to invalidate entries in a translation lookaside buffer (TLB). A TLB in a processor has a plurality of TLB entries. Each TLB entry is associated with a virtual machine extension (VMX) tag word indicating if the associated TLB entry is invalidated according to a processor mode when an invalidation operation is performed. The processor mode is one of execution in a virtual machine (VM) and execution not in a virtual machine. The invalidation operation belongs to a non-empty set of invalidation operations composed of a union of (1) a possibly empty set of operations that invalidate a variable number of TLB entries, (2) a possibly empty set of operations that invalidate exactly one TLB entry, (3) a possibly empty set of operations that invalidate the plurality of TLB entries, (4) a possibly empty set of operations that enable and disable use of virtual memory, and (5) a possibly empty set of operations that configure physical address size, page size or other virtual memory system behavior in a manner that changes the manner in which a physical machine interprets the TLB entries.

摘要翻译： 本发明的一个实施例是使翻译后备缓冲器（TLB）中的条目无效的技术。 处理器中的TLB具有多个TLB条目。 当执行无效操作时，每个TLB条目与虚拟机扩展（VMX）标签字相关联，指示相关联的TLB条目是否根据处理器模式而无效。 处理器模式是虚拟机（VM）中的执行之一，而不是虚拟机中的执行。 无效操作属于一个无效的无效操作集合，它由（1）可能为空的操作集合组合，使一组可变数量的TLB条目无效，（2）一组可能的空白操作，使一个TLB无效 条目，（3）使多个TLB条目无效的可能的一组操作，（4）启用和禁用虚拟存储器的使用的可能的一组可能的空操作，以及（5）配置物理的可能的一组操作 地址大小，页面大小或其他虚拟内存系统行为，以改变物理机器解释TLB条目的方式。

公开(公告)号：US08732704B2

公开(公告)日：2014-05-20

申请号：US13550584

申请日：2012-07-16

申请人： Fernando C. M. Martins ,  Michael Kozuch

发明人： Fernando C. M. Martins ,  Michael Kozuch

IPC分类号： G06F9/455

CPC分类号： G06F8/63

摘要： A method and system for supporting personal computing in a public computing infrastructure. The system includes a plurality of computers to be used by patrons of the public computing infrastructure. The system includes a server coupled to the plurality of computers via a network connection. Each of the plurality of computers includes a virtual machine monitor, which includes a plurality of base virtual machine images. Each of the base virtual machine images is customized for a particular hardware and software configuration representing a specific computing environment. The virtual machine monitor launches one of the plurality of base virtual machine images, arbitrates access to system resources via the launched virtual machine image, stores the changes in the state of the virtual machine image when a user terminates a session, and returns a computer to an appropriate state to enable the user to resume the terminated session in subsequent sessions.

摘要翻译： 用于在公共计算基础设施中支持个人计算的方法和系统。 该系统包括由公共计算基础设施的顾客使用的多个计算机。 该系统包括经由网络连接耦合到多个计算机的服务器。 多个计算机中的每一个包括虚拟机监视器，虚拟机监视器包括多个基本虚拟机映像。 每个基本虚拟机映像是针对表示特定计算环境的特定硬件和软件配置进行定制的。 虚拟机监视器启动多个基本虚拟机映像中的一个，通过所启动的虚拟机映像仲裁对系统资源的访问，当用户终止会话时将该变化存储在虚拟机映像的状态，并将计算机返回 适当的状态，以使用户能够在后续会话中恢复终止的会话。

公开(公告)号：US20120284716A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-08

申请号：US13550584

申请日：2012-07-16

申请人： Fernando C.M. Martins ,  Michael Kozuch

发明人： Fernando C.M. Martins ,  Michael Kozuch

IPC分类号： G06F9/455

CPC分类号： G06F8/63

摘要： A method and system for supporting personal computing in a public computing infrastructure. The system includes a plurality of computers to be used by patrons of the public computing infrastructure. The system includes a server coupled to the plurality of computers via a network connection. Each of the plurality of computers includes a virtual machine monitor, which includes a plurality of base virtual machine images. Each of the base virtual machine images is customized for a particular hardware and software configuration representing a specific computing environment. The virtual machine monitor launches one of the plurality of base virtual machine images, arbitrates access to system resources via the launched virtual machine image, stores the changes in the state of the virtual machine image when a user terminates a session, and returns a computer to an appropriate state to enable the user to resume the terminated session in subsequent sessions.

摘要翻译： 用于在公共计算基础设施中支持个人计算的方法和系统。 该系统包括由公共计算基础设施的顾客使用的多个计算机。 该系统包括经由网络连接耦合到多个计算机的服务器。 多个计算机中的每一个包括虚拟机监视器，虚拟机监视器包括多个基本虚拟机映像。 每个基本虚拟机映像是针对表示特定计算环境的特定硬件和软件配置进行定制的。 虚拟机监视器启动多个基本虚拟机映像中的一个，通过所启动的虚拟机映像仲裁对系统资源的访问，当用户终止会话时将该变化存储在虚拟机映像的状态，并将计算机返回 适当的状态，以使用户能够在后续会话中恢复终止的会话。

公开(公告)号：US07818808B1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-19

申请号：US09752134

申请日：2000-12-27

申请人： Gilbert Neiger ,  Stephen Chou ,  Erik Cota-Robles ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Richard Uhlig

发明人： Gilbert Neiger ,  Stephen Chou ,  Erik Cota-Robles ,  Stalinselvaraj Jeyasingh ,  Alain Kagi ,  Michael Kozuch ,  Richard Uhlig

IPC分类号： G06F9/455 ,  G06F21/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/145 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F2009/45583

摘要： In one embodiment, a processor mode is provided for guest software. The processor mode enables the guest software to operate at a privilege level intended by the guest software. When the guest software attempts to perform an operation restricted by the processor mode, the processor mode is exited to transfer control over the operation to a virtual-machine monitor, which runs outside this processor mode.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，为客户软件提供处理器模式。 处理器模式使宾客软件能够以访客软件所规定的特权级别运行。 当客户软件尝试执行受处理器模式限制的操作时，退出处理器模式以将操作的控制转移到在该处理器模式之外运行的虚拟机监视器。