公开(公告)号：US08080815B2

公开(公告)日：2011-12-20

申请号：US12690900

申请日：2010-01-20

申请人： Ronald Nutt

发明人： Ronald Nutt

IPC分类号： G21G1/10

CPC分类号： G21G1/001 ,  G21G1/10 ,  G21H5/02 ,  H05H13/00

摘要： An improved biomarker generator and a method suitable for efficiently producing short lived radiopharmaceuticals in quantities on the order of a unit dose. The improved biomarker generator includes a particle accelerator and a radiopharmaceutical micro-synthesis system. The micro-accelerator of the improved biomarker generator is optimized for producing radioisotopes useful in synthesizing radiopharmaceuticals in quantities on the order of one unit dose allowing for significant reductions in size, power requirements, and weight when compared to conventional radiopharmaceutical cyclotrons. The radiopharmaceutical micro-synthesis system of the improved biomarker generator is a small volume chemical synthesis system comprising a microreactor and/or a microfluidic chip and optimized for synthesizing the radiopharmaceutical in quantities on the order of one unit dose allowing for significant reductions in the quantity of radioisotope required and the processing time when compared to conventional radiopharmaceutical processing systems.

摘要翻译： 改进的生物标志物发生器和适合于以单位剂量的量级有效地生产短寿命放射性药物的方法。 改进的生物标志物发生器包括粒子加速器和放射性药物微合成系统。 改进的生物标志物发生器的微促进剂被优化用于生产放射性同位素，其用于合成放射性药物，其数量在一个单位剂量的数量级上，与常规的放射性药物回旋加速器相比可显着减小尺寸，功率要求和重量。 改进的生物标志物发生器的放射性药物微合成系统是小体积的化学合成系统，其包含微反应器和/或微流体芯片，并且被优化用于以一个单位剂量的量级合成放射性药物，从而显着减少 与常规放射性药物处理系统相比，所需的放射性同位素和处理时间。

公开(公告)号：US20100127188A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-27

申请号：US12690900

申请日：2010-01-20

申请人： Ronald Nutt

发明人： Ronald Nutt

IPC分类号： G21K5/08 ,  G21K5/04

CPC分类号： G21G1/001 ,  G21G1/10 ,  G21H5/02 ,  H05H13/00

摘要： An improved biomarker generator and a method suitable for efficiently producing short lived radiopharmaceuticals in quantities on the order of a unit dose. The improved biomarker generator includes a particle accelerator and a radiopharmaceutical micro-synthesis system. The micro-accelerator of the improved biomarker generator is optimized for producing radioisotopes useful in synthesizing radiopharmaceuticals in quantities on the order of one unit dose allowing for significant reductions in size, power requirements, and weight when compared to conventional radiopharmaceutical cyclotrons. The radiopharmaceutical micro-synthesis system of the improved biomarker generator is a small volume chemical synthesis system comprising a microreactor and/or a microfluidic chip and optimized for synthesizing the radiopharmaceutical in quantities on the order of one unit dose allowing for significant reductions in the quantity of radioisotope required and the processing time when compared to conventional radiopharmaceutical processing systems.

摘要翻译： 改进的生物标志物发生器和适合于以单位剂量的量级有效地生产短寿命放射性药物的方法。 改进的生物标志物发生器包括粒子加速器和放射性药物微合成系统。 改进的生物标志物发生器的微促进剂被优化用于生产放射性同位素，其用于合成放射性药物，其数量在一个单位剂量的数量级上，与常规的放射性药物回旋加速器相比可显着减小尺寸，功率要求和重量。 改进的生物标志物发生器的放射性药物微合成系统是小体积的化学合成系统，其包含微反应器和/或微流体芯片，并且被优化用于以一个单位剂量的量级合成放射性药物，从而显着减少 与常规放射性药物处理系统相比，所需的放射性同位素和处理时间。

公开(公告)号：US07603165B2

公开(公告)日：2009-10-13

申请号：US10623437

申请日：2003-07-18

申请人： David W. Townsend ,  Ronald Nutt

发明人： David W. Townsend ,  Ronald Nutt

IPC分类号： A61B6/00

CPC分类号： A61B6/482 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/037 ,  A61B6/405 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/463 ,  A61B6/5235 ,  A61B6/583 ,  G01T1/1611 ,  G01T1/2985

摘要： A combined PET and X-Ray CT tomograph for acquiring CT and PET images sequentially in a single device, overcoming alignment problems due to internal organ movement, variations in scanner bed profile, and positioning of the patient for the scan. In order to achieve good signal-to-noise (SNR) for imaging any region of the body, an improvement to both the CT-based attenuation correction procedure and the uniformity of the noise structure in the PET emission scan is provided. The PET/CT scanner includes an X-ray CT and two arrays of PET detectors mounted on a single support within the same gantry, and rotate the support to acquire a full projection data set for both imaging modalities. The tomograph acquires functional and anatomical images which are accurately co-registered, without the use of external markers or internal landmarks.

摘要翻译： 一种组合的PET和X射线CT断层摄影机，用于在单个装置中顺序地获取CT和PET图像，克服了由于内部器官移动引起的对准问题，扫描仪床形状的变化以及患者对于扫描的定位。 为了实现用于对身体的任何区域进行成像的良好的信噪比（SNR），提供了基于CT的衰减校正过程和PET发射扫描中的噪声结构的均匀性的改进。 PET / CT扫描仪包括安装在同一台架内的单个支架上的X射线CT和两个PET检测器阵列，并旋转支架以获得两个成像模态的全投影数据集。 断层摄影机获取准确共同注册的功能和解剖图像，而不使用外部标记或内部地标。

公开(公告)号：US07466085B2

公开(公告)日：2008-12-16

申请号：US11736032

申请日：2007-04-17

申请人： Ronald Nutt

发明人： Ronald Nutt

IPC分类号： H05H13/00

CPC分类号： H05H13/00

摘要： An apparatus for an improved cyclotron for producing radioisotopes especially for use in association with medical imaging. The improved cyclotron is configured without a conventional electromagnetic coil. A plurality of dees and a plurality of permanent magnets are alternately disposed in a circular array, each defining a channel through which ions travel. The vacuum chamber wall defines an opening disposed at the center of the array, the opening being configured to receive an ion source. Positive ions flowing from the ion source are exposed to the magnetic field generated by permanent magnets. The positive ions are repelled as they exit a positively charged dee. Negatively charged dees pull the ions. Each time the particles pass through the gap approaching the dees and as they leave the dee and pass through the magnets, they gain energy, so the orbital radius continuously increases and the particles follow an outwardly spiraling path. The disclosure also includes a system composed of a particle accelerator combined with a microreactor or microfluidic chip to produce molecular imaging biomarkers.

摘要翻译： 用于改进的回旋加速器用于生产放射性同位素的装置，特别是用于与医学成像相关联。 改进的回旋加速器被配置成没有传统的电磁线圈。 多个圆环和多个永磁体交替地设置在圆形阵列中，每个定义了离子移动通过的通道。 真空室壁限定了设置在阵列中心的开口，该开口构造成接收离子源。 从离子源流出的正离子暴露于由永磁体产生的磁场。 当正离子离开带正电荷的原子时，正离子被排斥。 负电荷的dees拉离子。 每次颗粒通过靠近脚趾的间隙，并且当它们离开趾部并穿过磁体时，它们获得能量，因此轨道半径连续增加，并且颗粒沿着向外螺旋的路径。 本公开还包括由与微反应器或微流体芯片结合的颗粒加速器组成的系统，以产生分子成像生物标志物。

公开(公告)号：US20070102641A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-10

申请号：US11532665

申请日：2006-09-18

申请人： Matthias Schmand ,  Ron Grazioso ,  Ronald Nutt ,  Robert Nutt ,  Nan Zhang ,  James Corbeil ,  Ralf Ladebeck ,  Markus Vester ,  Gunter Schnur ,  Wolfgang Renz ,  Hubertus Fischer ,  Bernd Pichler

发明人： Matthias Schmand ,  Ron Grazioso ,  Ronald Nutt ,  Robert Nutt ,  Nan Zhang ,  James Corbeil ,  Ralf Ladebeck ,  Markus Vester ,  Gunter Schnur ,  Wolfgang Renz ,  Hubertus Fischer ,  Bernd Pichler

IPC分类号： G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/166 ,  A61B5/05

CPC分类号： G01R33/481 ,  A61B6/037 ,  A61B8/5261 ,  G01R33/26 ,  G01R33/28 ,  G01R33/307 ,  G01R33/381 ,  G01T1/1603 ,  G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/2985

摘要： APD-based PET modules are provided for use in combined PET/MR imaging. Each module includes a number of independent, optically isolated detectors. Each detector includes an array of scintillator (e.g. LSO) crystals read out by an array of APDs. The modules are positioned in the tunnel of a MR scanner. Simultaneous, artifact-free images can be acquired with the APD-based PET and MR system resulting in a high-resolution and cost-effective integrated PET/MR system.

摘要翻译： 提供基于APD的PET模块，用于组合PET / MR成像。 每个模块包括多个独立的光隔离探测器。 每个检测器包括由APD阵列读出的闪烁体阵列（例如LSO）晶体。 模块位于MR扫描仪的通道中。 基于APD的PET和MR系统可以获得同时，无伪影的图像，从而产生高分辨率和成本效益的集成PET / MR系统。

公开(公告)号：US06429434B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-06

申请号：US09398497

申请日：1999-09-17

申请人： Charles C. Watson ,  Stephen D. Miller ,  Ronald Nutt ,  Michael E. Casey ,  James J. Hamill

发明人： Charles C. Watson ,  Stephen D. Miller ,  Ronald Nutt ,  Michael E. Casey ,  James J. Hamill

IPC分类号： G01T1166

CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 ,  A61B6/037 ,  G01T1/1648 ,  G21K1/02

摘要： A transmission source serves to detect activity from a radiation source for correcting attenuation in either PET mode or SPECT mode. The transmission source includes a detector dedicated to collecting attenuation data in PET mode. A collimated radiation source and a detector are positioned with respect to a tomography device such that only a selected strip of the imaging detector of the tomograph is illuminated such that events unrelated to the attenuation are eliminated. The transmission source can either be a coincidence transmission source or a singles transmission source and includes a collimator in which is disposed a radiation source. An opening is defined by the collimator for exposing a selected portion of the imaging detectors of the tomograph device. Positioned behind the radiation source, relative to the imaging detectors, is the dedicated attenuation detector. In a dual head tomograph device, one transmission source of the present invention is disposed opposite each bank of imaging detectors. The sources and the associated collimators are positioned to the side of each head at a slight angle relative to the respective head. The sources and detectors are fixed relative to the imaging heads. In order to obtain full coverage of the field of view (FOV) in the same manner as for an emission scan, the heads and sources are rotated about the center of the camera. In SPECT mode, the point source is selected to have sufficiently high energy to shine through the patient and the collimators associated with the imaging detector.

摘要翻译： 传输源用于检测来自辐射源的活动以校正PET模式或SPECT模式中的衰减。 传输源包括专用于在PET模式下收集衰减数据的检测器。 准直辐射源和检测器相对于断层摄影装置定位，使得只有层析成像仪的成像检测器的选定条带被照亮，从而消除与衰减无关的事件。 传输源可以是重合传输源或单个传输源，并且包括准直仪，其中设置有辐射源。 由准直器限定开口以暴露层析成像装置的成像检测器的选定部分。 相对于成像检测器定位在辐射源之后，是专用的衰减检测器。 在双头断层摄影装置中，本发明的一个发射源与每一组成像检测器相对设置。 源和相关联的准直仪相对于相应的头部以相当小的角度定位在每个头部的侧面。 源和检测器相对于成像头是固定的。 为了以与发射扫描相同的方式获得视场（FOV）的全面覆盖，头部和源围绕照相机的中心旋转。 在SPECT模式中，点源被选择为具有足够高的能量以照射通过患者和与成像检测器相关联的准直仪。

公开(公告)号：US20090218520A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-03

申请号：US12333300

申请日：2008-12-11

申请人： Ronald Nutt

发明人： Ronald Nutt

IPC分类号： G21G4/00

CPC分类号： G21G1/0005 ,  G21H5/02 ,  H05H13/00

摘要： A low-volume biomarker generator for producing ultra-short lived radiopharmaceuticals. The low-volume biomarker generator system includes a low-power cyclotron and a radiochemical synthesis system. The cyclotron of the low-volume biomarker generator is optimized for producing radioisotopes useful in synthesizing radiopharmaceuticals in small quantities down to approximately one (1) unit dose. The cyclotron incorporates permanent magnets in place of electromagnets and/or an improved rf system to reduce the size, power requirements, and weight of the cyclotron. The radiochemical synthesis system of the low-volume biomarker is a small volume system optimized for synthesizing the radiopharmaceutical in small quantities of approximately one (1) unit dose.

摘要翻译： 用于生产超短寿命放射性药物的低体积生物标志物发生器。 低体积生物标志物发生器系统包括低功率回旋加速器和放射化学合成系统。 针对低体积生物标志物发生器的回旋加速器进行了优化，用于生产放射性同位素，可用于合成低至大约一（1）单位剂量的放射性药物。 回旋加速器结合永磁体代替电磁体和/或改进的射频系统，以减小回旋加速器的尺寸，功率要求和重量。 低体积生物标志物的放射化学合成系统是一种小体积系统，其优化用于以大约一（1）个单位剂量的少量合成放射性药物。

公开(公告)号：US20080258653A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-23

申请号：US11736032

申请日：2007-04-17

申请人： Ronald Nutt

发明人： Ronald Nutt

IPC分类号： H05H13/00

CPC分类号： H05H13/00

摘要： An apparatus for an improved cyclotron for producing radioisotopes especially for use in association with medical imaging. The improved cyclotron is configured without a conventional electromagnetic coil. A plurality of dees and a plurality of permanent magnets are alternately disposed in a circular array, each defining a channel through which ions travel. The vacuum chamber wall defines an opening disposed at the center of the array, the opening being configured to receive an ion source. Positive ions flowing from the ion source are exposed to the magnetic field generated by permanent magnets. The positive ions are repelled as they exit a positively charged dee. Negatively charged dees pull the ions. Each time the particles pass through the gap approaching the dees and as they leave the dee and pass through the magnets, they gain energy, so the orbital radius continuously increases and the particles follow an outwardly spiraling path. The disclosure also includes a system composed of a particle accelerator combined with a microreactor or microfluidic chip to produce molecular imaging biomarkers.

摘要翻译： 用于改进的回旋加速器用于生产放射性同位素的装置，特别是用于与医学成像相关联。 改进的回旋加速器被配置成没有传统的电磁线圈。 多个圆环和多个永磁体交替地设置在圆形阵列中，每个定义了离子移动通过的通道。 真空室壁限定了设置在阵列中心的开口，该开口构造成接收离子源。 从离子源流出的正离子暴露于由永磁体产生的磁场。 当正离子离开带正电荷的原子时，正离子被排斥。 负电荷的dees拉离子。 每次颗粒通过靠近脚趾的间隙，并且当它们离开趾部并穿过磁体时，它们获得能量，因此轨道半径连续增加，并且颗粒沿着向外螺旋的路径。 本公开还包括由与微反应器或微流体芯片结合的颗粒加速器组成的系统，以产生分子成像生物标志物。

公开(公告)号：US07408164B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-05

申请号：US10441682

申请日：2003-05-20

申请人： Matthias J. Schmand ,  Lars A. Eriksson ,  Niraj K. Doshi ,  Mehmet Aykac ,  Ronald Nutt

发明人： Matthias J. Schmand ,  Lars A. Eriksson ,  Niraj K. Doshi ,  Mehmet Aykac ,  Ronald Nutt

IPC分类号： G01T1/20

CPC分类号： G01T1/2002 ,  G01T1/202

摘要： A detector array including a plurality of scintillators for use in association with an imaging device. The detector array is provided for accurate determination of the location of the impingement of radiation upon an individual scintillator detector. An air gap is disposed between the scintillator elements, thereby increasing the packing fraction and overall sensitivity of the array. The amount of light transmitted down the scintillator element and the amount of light transmitted to adjacent elements is modified to optimize the identification of each element in a position profile map by adjusting the surface finish of the detector elements.

摘要翻译： 一种检测器阵列，包括用于与成像装置相关联的多个闪烁体。 检测器阵列被提供用于准确地确定辐射冲击位置在单独的闪烁体检测器上。 在闪烁器元件之间设置气隙，从而增加阵列的封装分数和整体灵敏度。 通过调整检测器元件的表面光洁度来修改向下闪烁体元件传输的光量和透射到相邻元件的光量，以优化位置分布图中每个元素的识别。

公开(公告)号：US07019297B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-28

申请号：US10441681

申请日：2003-05-20

申请人： Mehmet Aykac ,  Matthias J. Schmand ,  Niraj K. Doshi ,  Charles W. Williams ,  Ronald Nutt

发明人： Mehmet Aykac ,  Matthias J. Schmand ,  Niraj K. Doshi ,  Charles W. Williams ,  Ronald Nutt

IPC分类号： G01T1/202

CPC分类号： G01T1/202 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  B33Y80/00 ,  G01T1/2002

摘要： A method for fabricating an array adapted to receive a plurality of scintillators for use in association with an imaging device. The method allows the creation of a detector array such that location of the impingement of radiation upon an individual scintillator detector is accurately determinable. The array incorporates an air gap between all the scintillator elements. Certain scintillators may have varying height reflective light partitions to control the amount of light sharing which occurs between elements. Light transmission is additionally optimized by varying the optical transmission properties of the reflective light partition, such as by varying the thickness and optical density of the light partitions. In certain locations, no light partitions exist, thereby defining an air gap between those elements. The air gap allows a large increase in the packing fraction and therefore the overall sensitivity of the array.

摘要翻译： 一种用于制造适于接收与成像装置相关联使用的多个闪烁体的阵列的方法。 该方法允许创建检测器阵列，使得能够精确地确定单个闪烁体检测器上的辐射冲击位置。 该阵列包括所有闪烁体元件之间的气隙。 某些闪烁体可以具有变化的高度反射光分区，以控制在元件之间发生的光共享的量。 通过改变反射光分区的光传输特性，例如通过改变光分区的厚度和光密度来另外优化透光。 在某些位置，不存在光分区，从而在这些元件之间限定气隙。 空气间隙允许包装分数大幅度增加，因此阵列的整体灵敏度增加。