摘要:
In a method for operating a diesel engine and a diesel engine, wherein engine emission control is provided by switching between a lean mode with superstoichiometric combustion air ratio λ>1 and a rich mode with substoichiometric combustion air ratio λ
摘要:
A system for automatic charging pressure control using an exhaust gas turbocharger with a variably adjustable turbine cross-section and for automatic exhaust gas recirculation control in the case of an internal-combustion engine, particularly a diesel engine. An automatic control system has a first controller which has an output for the variation of the turbine cross-section of the exhaust gas turbocharger. The command variable for the automatic exhaust gas recirculation control in a first low load-rotational speed range is the air flow rate in the intake pipe. The command variable for the automatic charging pressure control in a second higher load-rotational speed range is the charging pressure in the intake pipe. For the automatic exhaust gas recirculation control, an exhaust gas recirculation pipe connects the exhaust gas pipe with the suction pipe. In the case of this system, for achieving the lowest possible pollutant emission while simultaneously minimizing fuel consumption, exhaust gas recirculation rates which are as precise as possible are defined in the lower load-rotational speed range, and a charging pressure which is as precise as possible is defined in the upper load-rotational speed range via a corresponding automatic control.
摘要:
This invention relates to a small portable microprocessor based circuit (electronic module) that contains information about the user of the circuit that is known or inherently known by the user. The circuit is small enough to fit inside a thickened U.S. nickel and enables a user to perform secure transactions such as money transfers, information transfers, access control, etc. The electronic module is designed to be extremely secure both physically and electronically. Furthermore, the electronic module is useless to a person other than the designated user.