摘要:
An available input-output power estimating device for a secondary battery includes a parameter estimating section substituting a measured current value I and a measured voltage value V into an adaptive digital filter using an equivalent circuit model of the secondary battery for thereby collectively estimating values of parameters in the equivalent circuit model, an open circuit voltage calculator substituting I, V, and the estimated parameter values into the equivalent circuit model for calculating an open circuit voltage {circumflex over (V)}0, an available input power estimating section estimating an available input power Pin of the secondary battery using components (ân,{circumflex over (b)}n), associated with a direct term in the equivalent circuit model, in the estimated parameters, the open circuit voltage estimate value {circumflex over (V)}0 and an upper limit voltage Vmax of the terminal voltage, and an available output power estimating section estimating an available output power Pout for the secondary battery using (ân,{circumflex over (b)}n), {circumflex over (V)}0 and a lower limit voltage Vmin of the terminal voltage.
摘要:
For estimation of a critical state of a performance under a working condition of a secondary cell, in consideration of an internal resistance of the cell, a variable data provider provides variable data on the performance, including a first data on a variant of the performance, a second data on a current of the cell, and an estimated third data on a dynamic characteristic of the internal resistance, a specified data provider provides specified data on the cell, including a fourth data on a permissible range of the variant under the prescribed working condition, and exact data on the dynamic characteristic, and a critical state estimator processes the variable and specified data for estimation of the critical state, and has an internal resistance setter to process the second and third data to set exact data as a function of second data defining the dynamic characteristic, and an estimating element to process the first, fourth, and exact data to estimate the critical state.
摘要:
A driving force control apparatus for a vehicle includes a first sensor that detects an output command supplied to a power source, a second sensor that detects an operating condition amount of a vehicle and a controller. The controller calculates a basic command value of an output of the power source based upon the output command from the first sensor, calculates a reference model command value based upon the basic command value and transmission characteristic of a response of reference model, calculates a correction value from a deviation between the reference model command value and a predetermined frequency component corresponding to a vibration of a vehicle driving system extracted out of the operating condition amount of the vehicle, and calculates a target command value based upon the basic command value and the correction value to control the torque of the power source.
摘要:
A CPU 14 drives the CCD2 by switching its driving mode between an omission readout mode and a summation readout mode. Summing the signal charge of pixels in the summation readout mode offers an increased sensitivity. The omission readout mode reduces smear. The summation readout mode calls for reading out to the vertical transfer paths all red pixel signal charges of the two-color filters aligned along each vertical transfer path. While charge readout voltages are applied to a specific system of charge readout electrode systems, vertical transfer is performed to sum pixels of a like color on each vertical transfer path. Charges of the green pixels are read to the vertical transfer paths so as not to be mixed with the red signal charges. By combining vertical transfer with selective readout, pixels of the respective same colors are summed on the vertical transfer paths or the horizontal transfer path.
摘要:
An image of appropriate exposure is obtained in a short period of time. A controller and timing generator performs photometric measurement by use of an image signal acquired from a CCD, and determines appropriate light exposure. The CCD is divided into a plurality of regions: for example, an odd-number line region and an even-number line region. Timing at which accumulated electric charges are read from the respective regions is changed, thereby changing the light exposure of an image signal read from each of the regions. When the amount of light fired during the main flash is adjusted by means of causing a strobe to fire preliminary light, read timing is changed in such a way that an electric charge accumulation period of the odd-number line regions comes to an arbitrary point in time during the course of firing of preliminary light. The amount of main flash light can be determined by means of acquiring a plurality of image signals having different light exposures or a photometric measurement signal through single firing of preliminary flash light.
摘要:
A method for driving a device that enables using a device without using a conventional device driver that is dependent on the operating system of the computer. The method has a binary data conversion step which receives a mark-up language document written in a mark-up language and converts the mark-up language document to binary data composed of commands and data that can be processed by the device. The method also includes a binary data output step in which the converted binary data is output to the device.
摘要:
A process for laser welding objects wherein a polymeric film having an absorptivity of 5 percent or less at the wavelength of the laser used is placed between the objects welded prior to welding.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for laser welding two members made of thermoplastic resin material whereby high welding strength can be achieved and strength variations can be reduced. A first member 2 comprised of a transmissive thermoplastic resin that transmits a laser beam is brought into contact with a second member 3 comprised of an absorptive thermoplastic resin that absorbs a laser beam. Contact surfaces 4 are melted with a laser beam so as to join the two members. At least the contact surfaces 4 of the two members are pre-heated by a pre-heating means 20 at a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the contact surfaces. The contact surfaces 4 are then irradiated with a laser beam R generated by a laser beam generator 10 that is shone from the side of the first member so as to melt at least one of the contact surfaces of the two members. The melted portion is then post-heated by a post-heating means 20A at a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the melted portion, thereby allowing the melted portion to slowly cool down. The pre-heating and the post-heating are preferably conducted at temperatures above the glass transition temperature of the two members.
摘要:
A state-of-charge (SOC) estimating device and method for a secondary battery that estimates the SOC of the battery with high precision when variation takes place in the parameters of the battery model, even if the input current is constant. A first SOC estimating part estimates the open-circuit voltage by estimating the battery parameters en bloc using an adaptive digital filter computing treatment from the measurement values of the current and the terminal voltage and computes a first estimated SOC of the secondary battery from the open-circuit voltage and a predetermined relationship between the open-circuit voltage and the SOC. A second SOC estimating part computes a second estimated SOC by means of current-integration. State-of-charge estimated value-selecting part selects the second SOC value as when the current is constant and otherwise selects the first SOC value.