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公开(公告)号：US07325728B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-05
申请号：US11096985
申请日：2005-03-31
申请人： Mandeep S. Arora , Fred Cheng , Anant Agrawal , A. Louis Beaudoin , Eric M. Chu
发明人： Mandeep S. Arora , Fred Cheng , Anant Agrawal , A. Louis Beaudoin , Eric M. Chu
IPC分类号： G06F7/08
CPC分类号： G07F9/026
摘要： An audit system for a vending machine system is provided. This audit system is configured to retrieve operational data, such as a DEX file, from a vending machine controller in the vending machine system. The audit system is further configured to store a communications log of the data transmitted between the vending machine controller and the audit system. This communications log can be used by an operator at a host system to assist in debugging communication errors between the audit system and the vending machine controller.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于自动售货机系统的审计系统。 该审计系统被配置为从售货机系统中的自动售货机控制器检索诸如DEX文件的操作数据。 审计系统还被配置为存储在自动售货机控制器和审计系统之间传送的数据的通信日志。 该通信日志可由主机系统的操作员使用，以帮助调试审计系统和自动售货机控制器之间的通信错误。
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公开(公告)号：US20140221846A1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-07
申请号：US14073304
申请日：2013-11-06
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0071 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/4331
摘要： An apparatus to interrogate, receive, and analyze full emission spectra for at least one fluorescence excitation wavelength and for at least one reflectance measurement to determine tissue characteristics. The apparatus includes a base unit having illumination, detection and control sub-units, the illumination sub-unit providing illumination optical energy for illuminating a target tissue and the detection sub-unit detecting tissue characteristics of a target tissue, a separate tissue interface unit, and a pathway coupling the base unit and the tissue interface unit. The system and apparatus may also include a tube for maintaining the distance between the tissue and units and for surrounding the tissue to prevent patient movement from being transmitted to the tissue.
摘要翻译： 用于询问，接收和分析至少一种荧光激发波长的全发射光谱和用于至少一种反射测量以确定组织特征的装置。 所述装置包括具有照明，检测和控制子单元的基座单元，所述照明子单元提供用于照射目标组织的照明光能和检测目标组织的组织特征的检测子单元，单独的组织接口单元， 以及连接基部单元和组织接口单元的路径。 系统和装置还可以包括用于维持组织和单元之间的距离并围绕组织以防止患者移动被传递到组织的管。
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公开(公告)号：US20080188736A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-07
申请号：US12099876
申请日：2008-04-09
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/474 , A61B5/0071 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0088 , A61B5/0091 , A61B5/4312 , A61B5/444 , A61B5/6843 , A61B2562/164 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/49 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/6486 , G01N2021/6484
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided that interrogate, receive, and analyze full emission spectra for at least one fluorescence excitation wavelength and for at least one reflectance measurement to determine tissue characteristics. The method includes illuminating a first portion of a target tissue with optical energy, forming a first image of the target tissue, illuminating a second portion of the target tissue with optical energy, performing spectroscopic measurements on optical energy reflected and/or emitted by the target tissue upon illumination of the second portion of the target tissue with optical energy, and determining tissue characteristics of the target tissue based on the results of the spectroscopic measurements. The apparatus and system include a base unit having illumination, detection and control sub-units, the illumination sub-unit providing illumination optical energy for illuminating a target tissue and the detection sub-unit detecting tissue characteristics of a target tissue, a separate tissue interface unit, and a pathway coupling the base unit and the tissue interface unit. The system and apparatus may also include a tissue interface unit configured to perform spectroscopic measurements on a target tissue, a docking unit configured to support the tissue interface when not in use, the docking unit including an illumination source and a processor that processes spectrographic measurements results received from the tissue interface unit, and a pathway coupling the docking unit and the tissue interface unit.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于询问，接收和分析至少一种荧光激发波长的全发射光谱和至少一种反射测量以确定组织特征的方法和装置。 该方法包括用光能照射目标组织的第一部分，形成目标组织的第一图像，用光能照射目标组织的第二部分，对目标反射和/或发射的光能进行光谱测量 基于光谱测量的结果确定目标组织的第二部分的光能量的组织，以及确定靶组织的组织特征。 该装置和系统包括具有照明，检测和控制子单元的基座单元，照明子单元提供用于照射目标组织的照明光能和检测目标组织的组织特征的检测子单元，单独的组织界面 单元，以及连接基本单元和组织接口单元的路径。 系统和装置还可以包括被配置为对目标组织进行光谱测量的组织接口单元，配置成在不使用时支撑组织界面的对接单元，对接单元包括照明源和处理光谱测量结果的处理器 从组织接口单元接收的通路，以及连接对接单元和组织接口单元的通路。
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公开(公告)号：US4884198A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-28
申请号：US944422
申请日：1986-12-18
申请人： Robert B. Garner , Anant Agrawal
发明人： Robert B. Garner , Anant Agrawal
IPC分类号： G06F12/08
CPC分类号： G06F12/0877
摘要： An improved interface between a processor and an external cache system, having particular application for use in high speed computer systems. A cache memory for storing frequently accessed data is coupled to a cache address register (CAR). A processor generates addresses which correspond to locations of desired data in the cache, and provides these addresses to the CAR. Upon the receipt of a clock signal, the CAR couples the address to the cache memory. The processor includes a data register for receiving accessed cache data over a data bus. Data is latched into the register upon the receipt of a clock signal. Due to inherent delays associated with digital logic comprising the processor, clock signals provided by an external clock are received by the CAR prior to their receipt by the processor's data register. This delay (a fraction of a clock cycle) provides additional time to access the cache memory before the data is expected on the data bus. The CAR is fabricated out of a technology that allows it to drive the address to the large capacitive load of the cache memory in much less time than the processor itself could drive such a load. Thus, due to this buffering capability of the CAR, the cache can be much larger than what could be supported by the processor itself. The time expended sending the address from the processor to the CAR buffer, which would otherwise not be present if the processor addressed the cache directly from an internal register, does not subtract from the processor cycle time since the processor can compute the cache address and send it to the CAR in less than the time required to access the cache.
摘要翻译： 处理器和外部缓存系统之间的改进的接口，具有用于高速计算机系统的特定应用。 用于存储频繁访问的数据的高速缓冲存储器耦合到高速缓存地址寄存器（CAR）。 处理器产生对应于高速缓存中的期望数据的位置的地址，并将这些地址提供给CAR。 在接收到时钟信号时，CAR将地址耦合到高速缓冲存储器。 处理器包括用于通过数据总线接收访问的高速缓存数据的数据寄存器。 在接收到时钟信号时，数据被锁存到寄存器中。 由于与包括处理器的数字逻辑相关联的固有延迟，由外部时钟提供的时钟信号在其被处理器的数据寄存器接收之前由CAR接收。 在数据总线上预期数据之前，这种延迟（一个时钟周期的一小部分）提供了访问高速缓冲存储器的额外时间。 CAR由一种技术制成，允许其在比处理器本身可以驱动这样的负载的时间更短的时间内将地址驱动到高速缓冲存储器的大容性负载。 因此，由于CAR的这种缓冲能力，缓存可以比处理器本身可以支持的大得多。 从处理器发送地址到CAR缓冲区的时间，如果处理器直接从内部寄存器寻址高速缓存，则处理器周期时间不会减少，否则处理器可能不存在地址，因为处理器可以计算缓存地址并发送 它在CAR中少于访问缓存所需的时间。
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公开(公告)号：US08644912B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-04
申请号：US13214638
申请日：2011-08-22
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/474 , A61B5/0071 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0088 , A61B5/0091 , A61B5/4312 , A61B5/444 , A61B5/6843 , A61B2562/164 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/49 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/6486 , G01N2021/6484
摘要： An apparatus to interrogate, receive, and analyze full emission spectra for at least one fluorescence excitation wavelength and for at least one reflectance measurement to determine tissue characteristics. The apparatus includes a base unit having illumination, detection and control sub-units, the illumination sub-unit providing illumination optical energy for illuminating a target tissue and the detection sub-unit detecting tissue characteristics of a target tissue, a separate tissue interface unit, and a pathway coupling the base unit and the tissue interface unit. The system and apparatus may also include a tube for maintaining the distance between the tissue and units and for surrounding the tissue to prevent patient movement from being transmitted to the tissue.
摘要翻译： 用于询问，接收和分析至少一种荧光激发波长的全发射光谱和用于至少一种反射测量以确定组织特征的装置。 所述装置包括具有照明，检测和控制子单元的基座单元，所述照明子单元提供用于照射目标组织的照明光能和检测目标组织的组织特征的检测子单元，单独的组织接口单元， 以及连接基部单元和组织接口单元的路径。 系统和装置还可以包括用于维持组织和单元之间的距离并围绕组织以防止患者移动被传递到组织的管。
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公开(公告)号：US06975899B2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-13
申请号：US10603597
申请日：2003-06-26
申请人： Mark L. Faupel , Shabbir B. Bambot , Tim Harrell , Anant Agrawal
发明人： Mark L. Faupel , Shabbir B. Bambot , Tim Harrell , Anant Agrawal
CPC分类号： A61B5/0071 , A61B1/043 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/7264
摘要： An apparatus and method according to the invention combine more than one optical modality (spectroscopic method), including but not limited to fluorescence, absorption, reflectance, polarization anisotropy, and phase modulation, to decouple morphological and biochemical changes associated with tissue changes due to disease, and thus to provide an accurate diagnosis of the tissue condition.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的装置和方法结合了多种光学模式（光谱方法），包括但不限于荧光，吸收，反射率，偏振各向异性和相位调制，以解耦与由于疾病引起的组织变化相关的形态和生物化学变化 ，从而提供对组织状况的准确诊断。
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17.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06241662B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-05
申请号：US09175232
申请日：1998-10-20
申请人： Rebecca Richards-Kortum , Anant Agrawal , Costas Pitris , Urs Utzinger , Carrie Brookner , Michele Follen Mitchell
发明人： Rebecca Richards-Kortum , Anant Agrawal , Costas Pitris , Urs Utzinger , Carrie Brookner , Michele Follen Mitchell
IPC分类号： A61B500
CPC分类号： G01N33/52 , A61B5/0071 , A61B5/4331 , G01N1/30 , G01N2015/1488
摘要： A method for using acetic acid as a signal enhancing contrast agent during fluorescence spectroscopy of normal and neoplastic tissue, particularly epithelium. In one aspect, the invention includes a method of detecting tissue abnormality in a diagnostic tissue sample in a patient, comprising the steps of obtaining a first fluorescence intensity spectrum from the diagnostic tissue sample; thereafter, applying acetic acid to the diagnostic tissue sample in sufficient concentration to alter the response of such diagnostic tissue sample to electromagnetic radiation for at least an effective period of time; during the effective period of time, obtaining a second fluorescence intensity spectrum from the diagnostic tissue sample; determining a parameter indicative of a change between the first and second fluorescence emission intensity spectra; and analyzing the determined parameter to determine a probability that the diagnostic tissue sample is normal or abnormal.
摘要翻译： 在正常和肿瘤组织，特别是上皮的荧光光谱学过程中使用乙酸作为信号增强造影剂的方法。 一方面，本发明包括检测患者的诊断性组织样本中的组织异常的方法，包括以下步骤：从所述诊断组织样品获得第一荧光强度光谱; 此后，以足够的浓度将乙酸施用于诊断组织样品，以将这种诊断性组织样品的响应改变为电磁辐射至少有效的一段时间; 在有效时间段内，从诊断组织样品获得第二荧光强度光谱; 确定指示所述第一和第二荧光发射强度光谱之间的变化的参数; 并分析确定的参数以确定诊断组织样本正常或异常的概率。
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公开(公告)号：US20110306887A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-15
申请号：US13214638
申请日：2011-08-22
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/474 , A61B5/0071 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0088 , A61B5/0091 , A61B5/4312 , A61B5/444 , A61B5/6843 , A61B2562/164 , G01N21/21 , G01N21/49 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/6486 , G01N2021/6484
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided that interrogate, receive, and analyze full emission spectra for at least one fluorescence excitation wavelength and for at least one reflectance measurement to determine tissue characteristics. The method includes illuminating a first portion of a target tissue with optical energy, forming a first image of the target tissue, illuminating a second portion of the target tissue with optical energy, performing spectroscopic measurements on optical energy reflected and/or emitted by the target tissue upon illumination of the second portion of the target tissue with optical energy, and determining tissue characteristics of the target tissue based on the results of the spectroscopic measurements. The apparatus and system include a base unit having illumination, detection and control sub-units, the illumination sub-unit providing illumination optical energy for illuminating a target tissue and the detection sub-unit detecting tissue characteristics of a target tissue, a separate tissue interface unit, and a pathway coupling the base unit and the tissue interface unit. The system and apparatus may also include a tissue interface unit configured to perform spectroscopic measurements on a target tissue, a docking unit configured to support the tissue interface when not in use, the docking unit including an illumination source and a processor that processes spectrographic measurements results received from the tissue interface unit, and a pathway coupling the docking unit and the tissue interface unit.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于询问，接收和分析至少一种荧光激发波长的全发射光谱和至少一种反射测量以确定组织特征的方法和装置。 该方法包括用光能照射目标组织的第一部分，形成目标组织的第一图像，用光能照射目标组织的第二部分，对目标反射和/或发射的光能进行光谱测量 基于光谱测量的结果确定目标组织的第二部分的光能量的组织，以及确定靶组织的组织特征。 该装置和系统包括具有照明，检测和控制子单元的基座单元，照明子单元提供用于照射目标组织的照明光能和检测目标组织的组织特征的检测子单元，单独的组织界面 单元，以及连接基本单元和组织接口单元的路径。 系统和装置还可以包括被配置为对目标组织进行光谱测量的组织接口单元，配置成在不使用时支撑组织界面的对接单元，对接单元包括照明源和处理光谱测量结果的处理器 从组织接口单元接收的通路，以及连接对接单元和组织接口单元的通路。
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公开(公告)号：US20060089556A1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-27
申请号：US11301222
申请日：2005-12-12
申请人： Shabbir Bambot , Mark Faupel , Tim Harrell , Anant Agrawal
发明人： Shabbir Bambot , Mark Faupel , Tim Harrell , Anant Agrawal
CPC分类号： A61B5/0071 , A61B1/043 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/7264
摘要： An apparatus and method according to the invention combine more than one optical modality (spectroscopic method), including but not limited to fluorescence, absorption, reflectance, polarization anisotropy, and phase modulation, to decouple morphological and biochemical changes associated with tissue changes due to disease, and thus to provide an accurate diagnosis of the tissue condition.
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