摘要:
An optical element of this invention converts incident light having a predetermined shape and a predetermined intensity distribution into output light having a desired shape and a uniform intensity distribution. Furthermore, in an optical device of this invention, which has this optical element as a first optical element, a light source radiates a light beam having the predetermined beam shape and the predetermined intensity distribution, the first optical element shapes the beam shape of the incident light beam into one of rectangular, circular, and elliptic shapes having a uniform intensity distribution, and a second optical element gives a collimation to the incident shaped light beam.
摘要:
A sheet thickness measuring device includes: an illumination unit that outputs a light that is illuminated into a stack of sheets from a first area defined on one of faces including a top face, a bottom face, and side faces of the stack of sheets; a detection unit that detects a light amount distribution of light entered into the stack of sheets and propagated to a second area through the stack of sheets, the second area defined on one of the side faces of the stack of sheets; and a calculation unit that calculates a thickness of a sheet in the stack of sheets based on the light amount distribution detected by the detection unit.
摘要:
In a Fresnel lens which is made of a lens material whose refraction index is n, and focuses light beam from a light source at a specified radiation view angle φ, and has plural N pieces of circular lens surfaces arranged concentrically around a common optical axis, and plural circular rise surfaces arranged adjacent alternately between these lens surfaces, and two lens surfaces adjacent via at least one of the rise surfaces are concave surfaces, and tangent lines and at the intersecting point with the rise surfaces of the shape of a cross section passing through the optical axis of those lens surfaces intersect at the outside with respect to the optical axis, and when the angle formed between these tangent lines is defined as θ, a relational equation θ≧φ/(2 n N) stands.
摘要:
The present invention provides a step difference detection apparatus including an illumination section for emitting illumination light, an incident section for making the illumination light emitted by the illumination section be incident on a plurality of small illumination regions on an object carried in a predetermined carrier direction from different directions, an image sensing section for inputting an image of the regions on the object illuminated with the illumination light which is made to be incident by the incident section, and a detection section for detecting a step difference on the object on the basis of the image sensed by the image sensing section.
摘要:
A paper type determination device of the invention drives plural light emitting points different from one another and having sequentially increasing distances from a reference point to emit light in such a manner that each is identified for irradiating one surface of a sheet of paper subjected to determination. A photodetection device set at a specific detection field of view having the center at the reference point is disposed on the other surface side of the sheet of paper, and it receives light having passed through the sheet of paper from the respective light emitting points at positions on inside and outside of the detection field of view to detect intensity of light for each light emitting point. A diffusing characteristic of the sheet of paper is obtained on the basis of the intensity of light from each light emitting point detected by the photodetection device, and a paper type is determined on the basis of the diffusing characteristic.
摘要:
A method for annealing a semiconductor substrate by light irradiation, includes depositing a translucent film with a predetermined thickness on a semiconductor substrate. The translucent film has a refractive index that is smaller than that of the semiconductor substrate. The thickness is defined by a peak wavelength of the light and the refractive index of the translucent film. The semiconductor substrate is heated in a temperature range of about 300° C. to about 600° C. A surface of the semiconductor substrate is heated with the light which has a pulse width of about 0.1 ms to about 100 ms.
摘要:
A projection type image display apparatus for projecting an image onto a screen includes a light source, a beam shape converter, a beam divider, a beam superimposer, a processing unit, and a projection lens. In operation, the light source emits a light beam. The beam shape converter converts a sectional shape of the light beam into a different shape. For example, the beam shape converter can convert a circular cross section into a rectangular cross section. The beam divider then spatially divides the converted light beam into plural light beams. The beam divider can include, for example, a first prism array that divides the converted light beam horizontally and vertically into four beams. The beam superimposer superimposes the plural light beams onto a target surface, such as a liquid crystal panel. The beam superimposer can include, for example, a second prism array and a beam collimator that superimpose the plural light beams on the target surface. The processing unit supplies a signal so as to display an image on the target surface. The projection lens projects the image onto the screen by the superimposed beam. This apparatus can improve the uniformity of illuminance distribution and the light utilization efficiency, while maintaining high directivity of light.
摘要:
A paper type determination device of the invention forms images of plural light spots modulated at frequencies different from one another and aligned about a reference point on one surface of a sheet of paper subjected to determination. A photodetection device is disposed on the other surface side of the sheet of paper. In the photodetection device, a detection field of view having a center common with the reference point is provided, so that light coming within the detection field of view from the respective light spots by passing through the sheet of paper is detected. Signals superimposed in a detection signal from the photodetection device are distinguished on the basis of respective frequencies by a wave filter circuit. A diffusing characteristic of the sheet of paper is obtained from amplitudes of the signals distinguished on the basis of the respective frequencies, and the paper type is determined on the basis of this diffusing characteristic.
摘要:
An optical disk with sectional trapezoidal pits comprising a substrate having information recorded by a plurality of pit trains formed thereon at a specified track pitch, and a reflective layer formed on the substrate, wherein the information is reproduced by being irradiated with light beam via an objective lens, the track pitch is set within the range of (0.72 to 0.8) .alpha..times..lambda./NA/1.14 .mu.m when a wavelength of the light beam is .mu.nm and a numerical aperture of the objective lens is NA, each of the pits is a multiplication ratio used to secure allowable disk tilt angles in an upper width within the range of (0.3 to 0.50) .alpha..times..lambda./NA/1.14 .mu.m, a bottom width within the range of (0.2 to 0.32) .alpha..times..lambda./NA/1.14 .mu.m and a depth within the range of (1/4.2.times..lambda./n) to (1/5.2 .mu./n) (n: refractive index of said substrate and .lambda.: a wavelength) and obtained by 2.623.times.10.sup.-7 .times.(d/.lambda.).sup.2 -1.706.times.10.sup.-4 (d.sub.s /.lambda.)+0.934, where d.sub.s is thickness of the substrate.
摘要:
An optical disk with sectional trapezoidal pits comprising a substrate having information recorded by a plurality of pit trains formed thereon at a specified track pitch, and a reflective layer formed on the substrate, wherein the information is reproduced by being irradiated with light beam via an objective lens, the track pitch is set within the range of (0.72 to 0.8).alpha..times..lambda./NA/1.14 .mu.m when a wavelength of the light beam is .mu. nm and a numerical aperture of the objective lens is NA, each of the pits is a multiplication ratio used to secure allowable disk tilt angles in an upper width within the range of (0.3 to 0.50).alpha..times..lambda./NA/1.14 .mu.m, a bottom width within the range of (0.2 to 0.32).alpha..times..lambda./NA/1.14 .mu.m and a depth within the range of (1/4.2.times..lambda./n) to (1/5.2 .lambda./n) (n: refractive index of said substrate and .lambda.: a wavelength) and obtained by 2.623.times.10.sup.-7 .times.(d/.lambda.).sup.2 -1.706.times.10.sup.-4 (d.sub.s /.lambda.)+0.934, where d.sub.s is thickness of the substrate).