摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing anionic water-in-water polymer dispersions containing at least one finely dispersed, water-soluble and/or water-swellable polymer A and a continuous aqueous phase. This phase has a partial quantity of at least one polymeric dispersing agent B in which monomers dispersed in this aqueous phase are subjected to a radical polymerization, and after the polymerization is completed, the reaction mixture is subsequently diluted with the remaining amount of dispersing agent B. The invention also relates to the polymer dispersions obtained according to the method and to their use, particularly in the paper industry.
摘要:
Method for reducing harmful organisms on surfaces in contact with continuously or periodically flowing currents of cooling water used for throughflow cooling without recirculation, wherein the harmful organisms are algae, mussels and slime forming organisms, by periodically adding an aqueous treatment agent containing at least one peroxycarboxylic acid with 1 to 6 C atoms to the flowing water once every 5 to 100 hours over a period of 3 to 60 minutes in an amount corresponding to at least 1 ppm of peroxycarboxylic acid to reduce growth of the organisms on the surfaces.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for the leaching of gold and silver from ores and ore concentrates through intimate contact of the ore or ore concentrate with an aqueous leach solution containing cyanide. The leach solution has a pH of 8 to 13. The leaching process takes place in the presence of an oxygen-releasing peroxo compound. The separation of the formed cyano complexes of gold and silver takes place in a known manner. During leaching, at least one peroxoborate compound is present, in an effective quantity, as the peroxo compound. The peroxoborate is preferably a sodium or calcium peroxoborate. Compared to previously known leaching techniques in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or calcium peroxide, the leaching process according to the present invention provides a higher and/or faster precious metal yield and/or minimizes the consumption of cyanide and/or oxidizing agent.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing anionic water-in-water polymer dispersions containing at least one finely dispersed, water-soluble and/or water-swellable polymer A and a continuous aqueous phase. This phase has a partial quantity of at least one polymeric dispersing agent B in which monomers dispersed in this aqueous phase are subjected to a radical polymerization, and after the polymerization is completed, the reaction mixture is subsequently diluted with the remaining amount of dispersing agent B. The invention also relates to the polymer dispersions obtained according to the method and to their use, particularly in the paper industry.
摘要:
A method for preserving wood that includes impregnating the wood with a wood preservative agent based on one or more compounds of at least one metal of the 1st and/or 2nd subgroups of the periodic system and fixing the metal(s) for purposes of reducing the danger of leaching. The wood is (i) impregnated with a preservative containing a water-soluble zinc compound or (ii) wood that has already been impregnated with a zinc-free preservative or one that contains at least one metal compound of the 1st and/or 2nd subgroups is impregnated with a second preservative that contains at least one water-soluble zinc compound, and wood impregnated in accordance with (i) or (ii) is impregnated with an aqueous solution of a salt of trimercapto-s-triazine (TMT), dithiocarbamate or trithiocarbonate.
摘要:
A method for chlorine-free bleaching of denim textile material composed of warp yarn which is dyed with at least one of (a) indigo dye and at least one sulfur dye, and (b) at least one derivative of indigo dye and at least one sulfur dye, and weft yarn which is undyed and substantially white and which continues to be substantially white after bleaching to provide a denim textile material having a stylish gray cast. The method includes placing denim textile material in water and heating; adding to the water a dispersing agent which is effective to retard deposition of dyestuff stripped from the warp yarn during bleaching onto the weft yarn and which is comprised of polyvinylpyrrolidone; and bleaching the denim textile material by adding to the water an aqueous alkaline bleaching agent which contains a bleaching agent which is selective for the indigo dye or the derivative of indigo dye of the warp yarn and which is selected from the group consisting of formamidine sulfinic acid, and a mixture of formamidine sulfinic acid and at least one reducing carbohydrate, wherein the least one sulfur dye includes a sulfur black dye, and wherein the method provides denim textile material having a stylish gray cast.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for the detoxification of aqueous solutions containing cyanides and/or cyano complexes in the presence of heavy metals which are Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd and Zn, more particularly Cu, by oxidative treatment of the solutions with peroxide compounds at pH values of 8 to 12. Peroxide compounds from the group consisting of alkali metal percarbonates and alkaline earth metal peroxides are used. The peroxide compounds are added to the solutions to be detoxified per se or are formed in situ therein from hydrogen peroxide and other components. Sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate and calcium peroxide are preferred.