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11.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4255719A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-10
申请号：US043728
申请日：1979-05-30
申请人： David M. Bloom , Linn F. Mollenauer
发明人： David M. Bloom , Linn F. Mollenauer
IPC分类号： H01S3/16
CPC分类号： H01S3/1681
摘要： Intense optical pumping of the 1S.sigma..sub.g .fwdarw.2P.sigma..sub.u transition of the F.sub.2.sup.+ color center as required for laser action produces a slow orientational bleaching of the F.sub.2.sup.+ color centers that is eventually debilitating to the F.sub.2.sup.+ color center laser action. This bleaching is prevented by periodically or continuously subjecting the color centers to a two-step pumping with polarized radiation such that the centers are all returned to the optimal orientation for absorbing pumping radiation for laser action.
摘要翻译： 激光作用所需的F2 +色中心的1S sigma g→2P sigma u转换的强光学泵浦产生F2 +色中心的慢取向漂白，最终使F2 +色心激光作用变衰弱。 通过周期地或连续地对色心进行偏振辐射的两步泵浦来防止这种漂白，使得这些中心全部返回到用于吸收用于激光作用的泵浦辐射的最佳取向。
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公开(公告)号：US4183795A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-15
申请号：US908774
申请日：1978-05-23
申请人： David M. Bloom , Linn F. Mollenauer
发明人： David M. Bloom , Linn F. Mollenauer
CPC分类号： H01S3/1681
摘要： Production of F.sub.2.sup.+ color centers in alkali halide crystals with densities high enough for efficient use in lasers is achieved by a two-step, highly selective photoionization mechanism. This mechanism is coupled with the use of suitable divalent metal ions as efficient and stable electron traps to allow nearly 100 percent conversion of F.sub.2 color centers to F.sub.2.sup.+ color centers. The two-step photoionization mechanism comprises photo-exciting the F.sub.2 color center to the first bound state, which requires lower energy than the corresponding transition for F color centers, then photoionizing the F.sub.2 color center from the first bound state, and finally, capturing the electron thus liberated on the divalent metal ions.
摘要翻译： 通过两步高度选择性的光离子化机制，可以在激光器中生产足够高密度的碱金属卤化物晶体中的F2 +着色中心。 这种机制与使用合适的二价金属离子作为有效和稳定的电子陷阱相结合，可以将F2色中心几乎100％转换为F2 +色中心。 两步光离子化机理包括将F2色中心照射到第一束缚状态，这对于F色中心需要比相应过渡更低的能量，然后从第一束缚状态对F2色心进行光电离，最后捕获 因此在二价金属离子上释放电子。
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13.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5636304A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-03
申请号：US538166
申请日：1995-08-23
申请人： Victor Mizrahi , Linn F. Mollenauer
发明人： Victor Mizrahi , Linn F. Mollenauer
CPC分类号： G02B6/02138 , C03C13/045 , C03C25/6226 , C03C25/6233 , G02B6/02133 , G02B6/124 , H01S3/094003 , C03B2201/34 , C03B2203/18 , G02B6/0208 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/02152 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/094015
摘要： A method for forming a grating in a photosensitive medium such as a photosensitive optical fiber. The method comprises impinging a pair of interfering, actinic beams onto the medium, and during the impinging step, advancing the illuminated portion of the interference pattern relative to the medium. The advancement is carried out without changing the phase, or registration, of the interference pattern. According to one embodiment of the invention, a grating having a spatially dependent period is produced by varying the wavelength or the intersection angle of the actinic beams during the advancement. According to a second embodiment of the invention, a grating having a spatially dependent refractive index perturbation is produced by varying the dose of actinic radiation received by the medium during the advancement.
摘要翻译： 一种在诸如光敏光纤的感光介质中形成光栅的方法。 该方法包括将一对干涉光束束照射到介质上，并且在入射步骤期间相对于介质推进干涉图案的照射部分。 在不改变干涉图案的相位或配准的情况下进行推进。 根据本发明的一个实施例，具有空间依赖周期的光栅通过在提前期间改变光化光束的波长或相交角来产生。 根据本发明的第二实施例，通过改变介质在进给期间接收的光化辐射的剂量来产生具有空间上依赖的折射率扰动的光栅。
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14.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5357364A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-18
申请号：US904239
申请日：1992-06-25
CPC分类号： H04B10/25077
摘要： Timing jitter problems are effectively eliminated in a soliton transmission system realized in accordance with the principles of the present invention by deploying optical filters whose center frequency intentionally differs from the center frequency of adjacent optical filters. The center frequency of the series of optical filters is translated along the desired length of the system in a predetermined manner such as frequency increasing, frequency decreasing, and combinations of both to create a transmission environment which is substantially opaque to noise while remaining perfectly transparent to solitons.
摘要翻译： 通过部署其中心频率与相邻滤光器的中心频率有意地不同的滤光器，在根据本发明的原理实现的孤子传输系统中有效地消除了定时抖动问题。 一系列滤光器的中心频率沿着系统的期望长度以预定方式被转换，例如频率增加，频率降低以及两者的组合，以产生对噪声基本不透明的传输环境，同时保持完全透明 孤儿
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公开(公告)号：US5050954A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-24
申请号：US463730
申请日：1990-01-12
CPC分类号： G02B6/29358 , G02B6/2848 , G02B6/2938 , G02B6/2937 , G02B6/3512
摘要： A multi-port optical device for transferring optical signals, or portion of optical signals, from one transmission element to another is disclosed. The inventive optical device comprises a pair of graded index lenses having an interposed Fabry Perot etalon. Moreover, the functionality of the device may be modified by varying the transmission characteristics of the etalon, which may be effected by varying the optical path length of the etalon. In operation, the optical device utilizes the graded index lenses as image transfer lenses between transmission elements wherein wavelength selectivity therebetween is afforded by the filtering mechanism associated with the etalon. The optical device may be used as a wavelength multiplexer or as an optical splitter. Moreover, by utilizing a piezoelectric transducer, the optical device may be converted to operate as an optical switch.
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16.发明授权Lightwave transmission system having remotely pumped quasi-distributed amplifying fibers 失效具有远程泵浦准分布放大光纤的光波传输系统
公开(公告)号：US5039199A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-13
申请号：US458928
申请日：1989-12-29
IPC分类号： G02B6/02 , G02F1/00 , G02F1/35 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/0915 , H01S3/30 , H04B10/00 , H04B10/17
CPC分类号： H04B10/2912 , H01S3/06754 , H04B10/291 , H04B10/2916 , H04B10/2935 , H01S3/302
摘要： Near uniform optical amplification is achieved in a lightwave transmission system in which a plurality of short lengths of rare earth doped silica-based fibers and a corresponding plurality of long lengths of substantially undoped silica-based fibers are interleaved to form a fiber span having alternating sections of compensated (moderate gain) and uncompensated lightwave transmission media. Pumping of the amplifying fiber sections is performed remotely from either end of the fiber span. Bidirectional pumping, that is, pumping from each end of the fiber span, enhances the uniformity of the optical amplification for signals over the entire span. Amplifying fiber section lengths are variable in substantially inverse proportion to dopant concentration within the particular section.
摘要翻译： 在光波传输系统中实现近均匀光放大，其中多个短长度的稀土掺杂的二氧化硅基纤维和相应的多个长长度的基本上未掺杂的二氧化硅基纤维交织以形成具有交替部分的纤维跨距 的补偿（中等增益）和无补偿的光波传输介质。 从纤维跨度的任一端远程执行放大纤维部分的泵送。 双向泵浦，即从纤维跨度的每端泵浦，增强了整个跨度信号的光放大的均匀性。 放大纤维段长度可以与特定区段内的掺杂剂浓度基本成反比。
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17.发明授权Apparatus for the stabilization of the output intensity of a laser using a Fabry-Perot cavity 失效使用法布里 - 珀罗腔稳定激光输出强度的装置
公开(公告)号：US4730105A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-08
申请号：US889252
申请日：1986-07-25
CPC分类号： H01S3/139 , H01S2301/085 , H01S3/08013 , H01S3/094026 , H01S3/1112
摘要： An external mirror is positioned relative to the output mirror of a laser to form a Fabry-Perot cavity. The light transmitted by this Fabry-Perot cavity is compared to a reference value in order to develop an error signal which in turn is used to adjust the transmission characteristics of the Fabry-Perot cavity. In the embodiment constructed a beam splitter is positioned to deflect light coupled out of the Fabry-Perot cavity to an optical detector. The output of this detector is compared to a reference voltage in a difference amplifier which generates an electrical error signal. The electrical error signal is coupled to a piezoelectric translator which is attached to the external mirror and is capable of moving that mirror in a way so as to change the transmission characteristics of the Fabry-Perot cavity. Specific embodiments using a dye laser and a soliton laser are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 相对于激光的输出反射镜定位外部镜子以形成法布里 - 珀罗腔。 将该法布里 - 珀罗腔传输的光与参考值进行比较，以产生误差信号，该误差信号又用于调节法布里 - 珀罗腔的传输特性。 在实施例中，分束器被定位成将耦合出Fabry-Perot腔的光偏转到光学检测器。 该检测器的输出与产生电差错信号的差分放大器中的参考电压进行比较。 电气误差信号耦合到压电转换器，该压电转换器附接到外部反射镜并且能够以这种方式移动该反射镜，以便改变法布里 - 珀罗腔的传输特性。 还公开了使用染料激光器和孤子激光器的具体实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US4699452A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-13
申请号：US791915
申请日：1985-10-28
CPC分类号： H04B10/2916
摘要： An optical fiber communications system with Raman amplification of the signal radiation comprises a broadband pump radiation source, or, preferably a multiplicity of pump radiation sources. The sources are selected to result in a pump radiation spectrum such that pump radiation intensity in the fiber core is less than a critical intensity I.sub.c. In particular, the average intensity of pump radiation in a first spectral interval, centered on any wavelength .lambda..sub.p in the pump radiation spectrum and of width equal to the Brillouin line width of the fiber at .lambda..sub.p, is to be less than that average intensity in the first spectral interval that results in conversion of 10% of the radiation in the first spectral interval to stimulated Brillouin radiation. Use of a multiplicity of pump sources not only can reduce pump noise and pump depletion due to stimulated Brillouin scattering, but typically also can result in enhanced system reliability and lower cost. In a preferred embodiment, the invention is a soliton fiber communications system, with pump radiation injected at one or more intermediate fiber locations.
摘要翻译： 具有信号辐射的拉曼放大的光纤通信系统包括宽带泵辐射源，或优选多个泵浦辐射源。 选择这些源以产生泵浦辐射光谱，使得光纤芯中的泵浦辐射强度小于临界强度Ic。 特别地，以泵浦辐射光谱中的任何波长λp为中心的第一光谱间隔中的泵浦辐射的平均强度和等于光纤在λp处的布里渊线宽度的宽度的平均强度应小于该平均强度 在导致第一光谱间隔中10％的辐射转换成受激布里渊辐射的第一光谱间隔中。 使用多个泵浦源不仅可以减少由于受激布里渊散射引起的泵浦噪声和泵耗竭，而且通常也可以导致系统可靠性提高和成本降低。 在优选实施例中，本发明是孤子光纤通信系统，其中泵浦辐射在一个或多个中间光纤位置处注入。
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公开(公告)号：US4314211A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-02
申请号：US115136
申请日：1980-01-24
申请人： Linn F. Mollenauer
发明人： Linn F. Mollenauer
CPC分类号： H01S3/136
摘要： An acousto-optic modulator (2) is inserted into a laser cavity so that when the Bragg condition is satisfied, light will be scattered out of the cavity into two beams (101 and 102) at the same angle on opposite sides of an internal laser cavity pulse (100). Detectors (21 and 22) are disposed to intercept the two scattered pulses and yield electrical signals responsive to their intensity. When the internal laser cavity pulse is in phase with the excitation the time average intensities obtained by the detectors will be small and equal. However, should the internal laser cavity pulse be a bit late, the intensity of one of the scattered beams will increase while the other will decrease. If the internal laser cavity pulse is early, the opposite will be observed. The electrical signals are arranged to have opposite signs and their sum is used as an error signal for a closed feedback loop to adjust the optical path length of the laser cavity. A second embodiment for generating the electrical signals using dichroic pulse retarders and product detectors is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 将声光调制器（2）插入到激光腔中，使得当满足布拉格条件时，光将以相同的角度散射到腔内的两个光束（101和102）内部激光器的相对侧上 腔脉冲（100）。 检测器（21和22）被设置成截取两个散射脉冲并响应于它们的强度产生电信号。 当内部激光腔脉冲与激发同相时，由检测器获得的时间平均强度将小而相等。 然而，如果内部激光腔脉冲有点迟，则其中一个散射光束的强度将会增加，而另一个则会降低。 如果内部激光腔脉冲是早期的，则会发现相反的。 电信号被布置成具有相反的符号，并且它们的和被用作闭合反馈回路的误差信号，以调节激光腔的光程长度。 还公开了使用二向色脉冲延迟器和产品检测器产生电信号的第二实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US6067149A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-23
申请号：US211201
申请日：1998-12-14
申请人： Jurgen Gripp , Linn F. Mollenauer
发明人： Jurgen Gripp , Linn F. Mollenauer
CPC分类号： G01M11/39 , G01M11/319
摘要： Apparatus for measuring the dispersion and dispersion parameter of an optical fiber as a function of distance (the dispersion map) by the optical-time-domain reflection technique uses a multi-frequency laser with an extra cavity semiconductor optical amplifier switch to generate the short pulses of two wavelengths to displace the four-wave mixing oscillations away from the origin of the complex plane. Additionally laser power is supplied at both ends of the fiber under test to provide pump power to Raman amplify the backscattered signal being measured. Finally a novel Fast Fourier Transform based algorithm is used to calculate the dispersion map fast and accurately.
摘要翻译： 用于通过光时域反射技术测量作为距离（色散图）的函数的光纤的色散和色散参数的装置使用具有额外空腔半导体光放大器开关的多频激光器来产生短脉冲 的两个波长以将四波混频振荡移位离开复平面的原点。 此外，在被测光纤的两端提供激光功率，以向拉曼提供泵浦功率，放大所测量的反向散射信号。 最后，使用基于快速傅立叶变换的算法快速准确地计算色散图。
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