公开(公告)号：US4081258A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-28

申请号：US685861

申请日：1976-05-12

申请人： James E. Goell ,  Gary W. Bickel ,  Charles K. Kao ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

发明人： James E. Goell ,  Gary W. Bickel ,  Charles K. Kao ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

IPC分类号： C03B37/027 ,  C03B37/022 ,  C03B37/025 ,  C03B37/03 ,  G01B11/04 ,  G01M11/00 ,  G01M11/02 ,  G02B6/00 ,  H04B10/08 ,  C03B37/02

CPC分类号： C03B37/0253 ,  C03B37/022 ,  C03B37/032 ,  G01M11/33

摘要： A method and means is disclosed for continuously monitoring an optical fiber's attenuation or loss as it is being formed, which includes: a light source, which may be the heated fiber itself during drawing operations or an external source; passing the light through the fiber being produced; positioning the end of the fiber in a holder adjacent to a light detector, for example a photodiode with or without passing the transmitted light through a filter; detecting the light transmitted by the fiber from the light source; converting the detected light into an electrical equivalent signal; amplifying the signal if necessary and recording or observing the changes in the signal to determine an objective measure of the optical fiber's attenuating characteristic.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在形成光纤的衰减或损耗的同时持续监视的方法和装置，其包括：光源，其可以在拉制操作期间被加热的光纤本身或外部源; 将光通过所生产的纤维; 将光纤的端部定位在与光检测器相邻的保持器中，例如具有或不使透射的光通过过滤器的光电二极管; 从光源检测由光纤传输的光; 将检测到的光转换成电当量信号; 如果需要放大信号，并记录或观察信号的变化，以确定光纤衰减特性的客观测量。

公开(公告)号：US4198223A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-15

申请号：US797722

申请日：1977-05-17

申请人： James E. Goell ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

发明人： James E. Goell ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

IPC分类号： C03B37/018 ,  C03B37/02 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03C25/10 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/44 ,  C03C13/00 ,  C03C25/02

CPC分类号： G02B6/03661 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03C25/106 ,  G02B6/03622 ,  C03B2205/30 ,  G02B6/02395

摘要： A method of forming optical fibers in a continuous manufacturing process employs a heated mandrel with a predetermined taper at one end. Glass forming materials are applied to the mandrel by chemical vapor deposition along the taper to provide a corresponding glass concentration gradient along the taper. The molten glass materials are drawn in a continuous process without an intermediate preform stage.

摘要翻译： 在连续制造过程中形成光纤的方法在一端采用具有预定锥度的加热心轴。 通过沿锥度的化学气相沉积将玻璃形成材料施加到心轴上，以沿锥度提供相应的玻璃浓度梯度。 熔融玻璃材料在不具有中间预制件阶段的连续工艺中拉制。

公开(公告)号：US4183621A

公开(公告)日：1980-01-15

申请号：US865643

申请日：1977-12-29

申请人： Charles K. Kao ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

发明人： Charles K. Kao ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

IPC分类号： C03C25/10 ,  G02B6/44 ,  G02B5/14

CPC分类号： C03C25/1075 ,  G02B6/4402 ,  G02B6/443

摘要： Optical communication fibers having improved fatigue resistance are provided by encapsulating the fibers in a water impervious material. The water impervious material prevents the interaction of water with glass along the fiber outer surface and prolongs the operational life-time of the fibers.

摘要翻译： 通过将纤维包封在防水材料中来提供具有改善的抗疲劳性的光通信纤维。 防水材料防止水与玻璃沿纤维外表面的相互作用，延长纤维的使用寿命。

公开(公告)号：US4065280A

公开(公告)日：1977-12-27

申请号：US751282

申请日：1976-12-16

申请人： Charles K. Kao ,  James E. Goell ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

发明人： Charles K. Kao ,  James E. Goell ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

IPC分类号： C03B37/018 ,  C03B37/023 ,  C03C25/10 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/44 ,  C03B37/02

CPC分类号： C03C25/1065 ,  C03B37/023 ,  C03C25/106 ,  Y10S65/16

摘要： A continuous optical fiber manufacturing process utilizes the method of chemical vapor deposition of the glass forming materials within an R.F. excited glow discharge. The rapid deposition rate within the discharge provides a sufficient stream of glass material for winding into a finished fiber on a synchronous take-up mechanism. Alternate embodiments include an oxygen air stream to remove dust particles from the fiber surface and an in-line fluorine stream to terminate surface bonding and reduce moisture attack on fiber surfaces.

摘要翻译： 连续的光纤制造方法利用在R.F.中的玻璃形成材料的化学气相沉积的方法。 激发辉光放电。 放电中的快速沉积速率提供了足够的玻璃材料流，用于在同步拾取机构上卷绕成纤维。 替代实施例包括从空气纤维表面除去灰尘颗粒的氧空气流和用于终止表面粘合并排除纤维表面的水分侵袭的直列氟气流。

公开(公告)号：US5221308A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-22

申请号：US595706

申请日：1990-10-09

申请人： David A. Krohn ,  Trevor MacDougall ,  Paul Sanders ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

发明人： David A. Krohn ,  Trevor MacDougall ,  Paul Sanders ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

IPC分类号： G02B6/032

CPC分类号： G02B6/032

摘要： A method of producing a hollow core optical fiber comprises the steps of depositing a thermal buffer layer on the interior wall of a silica tube, depositing a film of germanium silicate cladding on said buffer layer, heating the composite structure so formed to its drawing temperature, and drawing the heated composite structure to form a hollow core optical fiber.

摘要翻译： 制造中空纤维光纤的方法包括以下步骤：在二氧化硅管的内壁上沉积热缓冲层，在所述缓冲层上沉积锗硅酸盐覆层的膜，将形成的复合结构加热到其拉伸温度， 并拉制加热的复合结构以形成中空芯光纤。

公开(公告)号：US4764194A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-16

申请号：US876272

申请日：1986-06-19

申请人： Mokhtar S. Maklad

发明人： Mokhtar S. Maklad

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B37/075 ,  C03C13/04 ,  G02B6/032 ,  C03C25/02 ,  C03B37/02

CPC分类号： C03B37/027 ,  C03B37/01211 ,  C03C13/04 ,  C03B2201/78 ,  C03B2203/16 ,  C03B2205/10

摘要： A method for manufacturing hollow core optical fibers is disclosed comprising continuously feeding a glass rod of the desired cladding composition into a high temperature furnace with the rod in line contact with the inner surface of the glass tube. The glass transition temperature of the rod is substantially lower than the glass transition temperature of the glass tube. The glass rod composition is uniformly distributed on the glass tube inner wall as it enters the furnace hot zone. The ratio of the rod diameter to the glass tube inner diameter and the drawing temperature determine the coating thickness of the glass cladding on the inner surface of the glass tube. As the coated tube is passed through the furnace hot zone peak, the optical fiber is drawn. The rod and tube feed rate, the drawing temperature of the rod and glass tube and the drawing rate of the coated glass tube are selected to yield a hollow core optical fiber, with preselected interior and exterior diameters.

公开(公告)号：US4354736A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-19

申请号：US160698

申请日：1980-06-18

申请人： Mokhtar S. Maklad ,  Francis I. Akers ,  William L. Thomas

发明人： Mokhtar S. Maklad ,  Francis I. Akers ,  William L. Thomas

IPC分类号： C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/027 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02B5/172

CPC分类号： C03B37/02709 ,  C03B37/01217 ,  C03B37/01225 ,  C03B37/02781 ,  G02B6/105 ,  C03B2203/02 ,  C03B2203/14 ,  C03B2203/30

摘要： The stress-induced birefringent single mode optical fiber includes an optical core having a high refractive index and a high thermal expansion coefficient. An arrangement formed from an optical material having a low refractive index and a low thermal expansion coefficient is disposed to engage the outer surface of the core tangentially at opposite ends of a diameter of the core to establish a stress therein. Air encompasses the remainder of the outer surface of the core to provide a light guiding cladding for the core and, hence, the fiber itself. The arrangement to establish the stress may include a pair of flat plates engaging the outer surface of the core tangentially which are entrapped in a circular tube which is concentric with the core such that air is entrapped between the plates and the circular tube to provide the light guiding cladding. Alternatively, an elliptical tube is provided to engage the outer surface of the core at the minor axis of the elliptical tube to provide the desired stress in the fiber. In this case air is enclosed in the elliptical tube to provide the light guiding cladding.

摘要翻译： 应力诱导双折射单模光纤包括具有高折射率和高热膨胀系数的光纤芯。 由具有低折射率和低热膨胀系数的光学材料形成的布置被设置成在芯的直径的相对端处切向地接合芯的外表面以在其中形成应力。 空气包围芯的外表面的其余部分以为芯提供导光包层，并且因此提供纤维本身。 用于确定应力的布置可以包括一对平板，其切向地与芯的外表面接合，这些平板被截留在与芯同心的圆形管中，使得空气被夹在板和圆管之间以提供光 引导包层 或者，提供椭圆管以在椭圆管的短轴处接合芯的外表面以在纤维中提供期望的应力。 在这种情况下，空气被封闭在椭圆管中以提供导​​光包层。

公开(公告)号：US4243298A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-06

申请号：US949351

申请日：1978-10-06

申请人： Charles K. Kao ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

发明人： Charles K. Kao ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

IPC分类号： C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/018 ,  C03B37/027 ,  G02B6/44 ,  G02B5/14

CPC分类号： C03B37/01228 ,  C03B37/01205 ,  C03B37/01211 ,  C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/018 ,  C03B37/027 ,  G02B6/4402 ,  C03B2203/22

摘要： High-strength optical preforms and optical fibers, particularly useful in light-wave communication systems, are fabricated by techniques producing high surface compressive forces in thin outer layers. These result in substantially increased fiber tensile strength, durability, and fiber life. High surface stresses are achieved in three-layer and four-layer preforms and fibers by employing particular combinations of core, cladding, and layer compositions, dopants, coefficients of thermal expansion, and glass transition temperatures.Various suitable manufacturing methods are disclosed using chemical vapor deposition techniques. For example, preforms may be fabricated by external deposition of layers on a drawn core-glass rod, or by internal CVD methods in which layers are sequentially deposited within hollow tubular silica substrates that are then collapsed into solid preforms by known techniques. In the internal deposition methods, preform finishing techniques are also disclosed for removing excess substrate material so as to leave a high-strength compressive layer of substantially pure silica.

摘要翻译： 在光波通信系统中特别有用的高强度光学预成型件和光纤通过在薄外层中产生高表面压缩力的技术制造。 这些导致纤维拉伸强度，耐久性和纤维寿命显着增加。 通过使用芯，包层和层组合物，掺杂剂，热膨胀系数和玻璃化转变温度的特定组合，在三层和四层预成型件和纤维中实现高表面应力。 使用化学气相沉积技术公开了各种合适的制造方法。 例如，预制件可以通过在拉伸的芯玻璃棒上的层的外部沉积或通过内部CVD方法制造，其中层顺序地沉积在中空管状二氧化硅衬底中，然后通过已知技术将其压扁成固体预制件。 在内部沉积方法中，还公开了用于去除多余的基底材料以便留下基本上纯的二氧化硅的高强度压缩层的预成型整饰技术。

公开(公告)号：US4184859A

公开(公告)日：1980-01-22

申请号：US914246

申请日：1978-06-09

申请人： Mokhtar S. Maklad

发明人： Mokhtar S. Maklad

IPC分类号： C03B37/014 ,  C03B19/00 ,  C03B23/00 ,  C03B37/00 ,  C03B37/018 ,  C03B37/027 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/024 ,  C03B37/02

CPC分类号： C03B37/02709 ,  C03B23/008 ,  C03B37/018 ,  C03B37/01869 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B2203/30

摘要： A method of fabricating a low loss single mode optical fiber having an elliptically shaped core comprising subjecting a multi-layered coated substrate having at least a barrier, cladding and core layer to partial collapse, first on one side and then on the other side, to produce an intermediate product having a substantially cross-sectional elliptical shape of at least the core layer. This is followed by collapsing the composite structure into a cylindrical shaped optical fiber preform having an elliptically shaped core portion which is then heated and drawn into a single mode optical fiber having an elliptically shaped core portion.

摘要翻译： 一种制造具有椭圆形芯的低损耗单模光纤的方法，包括使至少具有屏障，包层和芯层的多层涂覆基板首先在一侧然后在另一侧进行部分折叠 产生至少具有核心层的基本截面为椭圆形的中间产品。 随后将复合结构塌缩成具有椭圆形芯部的圆柱形光纤预制件，然后将其加热并拉制成具有椭圆形芯部的单模光纤。

公开(公告)号：US4114980A

公开(公告)日：1978-09-19

申请号：US685198

申请日：1976-05-10

申请人： Adolf R. Asam ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

发明人： Adolf R. Asam ,  Mokhtar S. Maklad

IPC分类号： C03B37/018 ,  G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02B6/44 ,  G02B5/14

CPC分类号： G02B6/03694 ,  C03B37/018 ,  G02B6/03638 ,  G02B6/03661 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02B6/102 ,  G02B6/4401

摘要： A low loss multilayer optical fiber having good transmission propertiesin the infrared region of the spectrum is produced by depositing the core and cladding materials on the inner surface of a collapsible silica tube in the absence of moisture. A barrier layer is interposed between the silica tube and the cladding to prevent the migration of OH and transition metal ions during the tube collapsing and fiber drawing processes.

摘要翻译： 在光谱的红外区域具有良好的透射特性的低损耗多层光纤通过在不存在水分的情况下将芯和包层材料沉积在可折叠二氧化硅管的内表面上来制造。 在石英管和包壳之间插入阻挡层，以防止在管塌陷和纤维拉伸过程中OH和过渡金属离子的迁移。