公开(公告)号：US07555504B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-30

申请号：US10668546

申请日：2003-09-23

申请人： Peter Bixby ,  Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish

发明人： Peter Bixby ,  Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30088 ,  Y10S707/99953 ,  Y10S707/99954

摘要： Read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file in a Unix-based file system are organized as a version set of file inodes and shared file blocks. Version pointers and branch pointers link the inodes. Initially the production file can have all its blocks preallocated or it can be a sparse file having only an inode and its last data block. A protocol is provided for creating read-only and read-write snapshots, deleting snapshots, restoring the production file with a specified snapshot, refreshing a specified snapshot, and naming the snapshots. Block pointers are marked with a flag indicating whether or not the pointed-to block is owned by the parent inode. A non-owner marking is inherited by all of the block's descendants. The block ownership controls the copying of indirect blocks when writing to the production file, and also controls deallocation and passing of blocks when deleting a read-only snapshot.

摘要翻译： 基于Unix的文件系统中的生产文件的只读和读写快照副本被组织为文件inode和共享文件块的版本集。 版本指针和分支指针链接inode。 最初，生产文件可以预先分配其所有块，也可以是只有一个inode及其最后一个数据块的稀疏文件。 提供了一种协议，用于创建只读和读写快照，删除快照，使用指定的快照还原生产文件，刷新指定的快照以及命名快照。 块指针标有一个标志，指示指向块是否由父节点所拥有。 非所有者标记由所有块的后代继承。 块所有权控制在写入生产文件时复制间接块，并在删除只读快照时控制块的释放和传递。

公开(公告)号：US20050065986A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-24

申请号：US10668546

申请日：2003-09-23

申请人： Peter Bixby ,  Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish

发明人： Peter Bixby ,  Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30088 ,  Y10S707/99953 ,  Y10S707/99954

摘要： Read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file in a Unix-based file system are organized as a version set of file inodes and shared file blocks. Version pointers and branch pointers link the inodes. Initially the production file can have all its blocks preallocated or it can be a sparse file having only an inode and its last data block. A protocol is provided for creating read-only and read-write snapshots, deleting snapshots, restoring the production file with a specified snapshot, refreshing a specified snapshot, and naming the snapshots. Block pointers are marked with a flag indicating whether or not the pointed-to block is owned by the parent inode. A non-owner marking is inherited by all of the block's descendants. The block ownership controls the copying of indirect blocks when writing to the production file, and also controls deallocation and passing of blocks when deleting a read-only snapshot.

摘要翻译： 基于Unix的文件系统中的生产文件的只读和读写快照副本被组织为文件inode和共享文件块的版本集。 版本指针和分支指针链接inode。 最初，生产文件可以预先分配其所有块，也可以是只有一个inode及其最后一个数据块的稀疏文件。 提供了一种协议，用于创建只读和读写快照，删除快照，使用指定的快照还原生产文件，刷新指定的快照以及命名快照。 块指针标有一个标志，指示指向块是否由父节点所拥有。 非所有者标记由所有块的后代继承。 块所有权控制在写入生产文件时复制间接块，并在删除只读快照时控制块的释放和传递。

公开(公告)号：US09213721B1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-15

申请号：US12348866

申请日：2009-01-05

申请人： Sorin Faibish ,  Christopher H. Stacey ,  Peter Bixby ,  William C. Whitney

发明人： Sorin Faibish ,  Christopher H. Stacey ,  Peter Bixby ,  William C. Whitney

IPC分类号： G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30221

摘要： A file server system having solid-state drive primary storage and magnetic disk drive secondary storage aggressively moves newly created files from the primary storage to selected file systems in the secondary storage to match expected access patterns upon the files to different configurations of the file systems and for load balancing upon the file systems in the secondary storage. Upon read access to a file that has been moved to the secondary storage, or upon migration of a newly created file that was read in primary storage after creation, a corresponding stub file containing file mapping metadata is created in the primary storage. The file mapping metadata in the stub file maps the extent of the file to logical storage addresses in the secondary storage.

摘要翻译： 具有固态驱动器主存储器和磁盘驱动器辅助存储器的文件服务器系统将新创建的文件从主存储器大量移动到辅助存储器中的选定文件系统，以将文件上的预期访问模式与文件系统的不同配置相匹配， 用于在二级存储器中的文件系统上进行负载平衡。 在读取访问已被移动到辅助存储器的文件之后，或者在创建之后迁移新创建的在主存储器中读取的文件时，将在主存储器中创建包含文件映射元数据的对应存根文件。 存根文件中的文件映射元数据将文件的范围映射到辅助存储中的逻辑存储地址。

公开(公告)号：US08006111B1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-23

申请号：US11859100

申请日：2007-09-21

申请人： Sorin Faibish ,  Peter Bixby ,  Percy Tzelnic

发明人： Sorin Faibish ,  Peter Bixby ,  Percy Tzelnic

IPC分类号： G06F1/32

CPC分类号： G06F3/0625 ,  G06F1/3221 ,  G06F1/3268 ,  G06F1/3287 ,  G06F3/0649 ,  G06F3/067 ,  G06F17/30147 ,  Y02D10/154 ,  Y02D10/171

摘要： A file server includes active storage containing frequently accessed files, and active/inactive disk drives for containing infrequently accessed files. Groups of the files having become inactive in the active storage are successively migrated to respective evacuated active/inactive disk drives so that each active/inactive disk drive is loaded with files having a similar probability of access when access to the active/inactive disk drive reaches an inactivity threshold for powering down the active/inactive disk drive. Storage of the active/inactive disk drives is reclaimed when an oldest group of the files is archived or when an active/inactive disk drive is evacuated by migrating files from the active/inactive disk drive to storage having been released in other disk drives by promotion of files for client access to the promoted files. Therefore, recovery of storage can be planned and scheduled in advance and performed efficiently in a background process.

摘要翻译： 文件服务器包括包含经常访问的文件的活动存储器，以及用于包含不经常访问的文件的主动/非活动磁盘驱动器。 在活动存储器中变得不活动的文件组被依次迁移到相应的撤离的活动/非活动磁盘驱动器，使得当访问活动/非活动磁盘驱动器到达时，每个活动/非活动磁盘驱动器被加载具有相似的访问概率的文件 用于关闭主动/非活动磁盘驱动器的非活动阈值。 当归档最旧的文件组或通过将活动/非活动磁盘驱动器中的文件迁移到已经通过宣传释放到其他磁盘驱动器中的存储而将主动/不活动磁盘驱动器撤离时，将回收活动/非活动磁盘驱动器的存储 的文件，以便客户端访问升级的文件。 因此，可以预先规划和调度存储的恢复并且在后台进程中有效地执行。

公开(公告)号：US07873619B1

公开(公告)日：2011-01-18

申请号：US12058981

申请日：2008-03-31

申请人： Sorin Faibish ,  Peter Bixby ,  Uday K. Gupta ,  Walter A. O'Brien, III ,  Stephen A. Fridella

发明人： Sorin Faibish ,  Peter Bixby ,  Uday K. Gupta ,  Walter A. O'Brien, III ,  Stephen A. Fridella

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30091 ,  G06F3/0685 ,  G06F3/0689

摘要： A method is used in managing metadata. Data of an object is stored in a magnetic hard disk set in an object addressable data storage system. Metadata for the object is stored in an SSD set in the object addressable data storage system. The metadata includes information necessary for determining the location of the data of the object in the magnetic hard disk set.

摘要翻译： 一种方法用于管理元数据。 对象的数据被存储在设置在对象可寻址数据存储系统中的磁性硬盘中。 对象的元数据存储在目标可寻址数据存储系统中的SSD集中。 元数据包括确定磁性硬盘组中对象的数据位置所需的信息。

公开(公告)号：US20080005468A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-03

申请号：US11382233

申请日：2006-05-08

申请人： Sorin Faibish ,  Stephen Fridella ,  Uday Gupta ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Peter Bixby

发明人： Sorin Faibish ,  Stephen Fridella ,  Uday Gupta ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Peter Bixby

IPC分类号： G06F12/16 ,  G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0866 ,  G06F3/0622 ,  G06F3/064 ,  G06F3/0643 ,  G06F3/0665 ,  G06F3/067 ,  G06F11/1435 ,  G06F2201/84

摘要： A cached disk array includes a disk storage array, a global cache memory, disk directors coupling the cache memory to the disk storage array, and front-end directors for linking host computers to the cache memory. The front-end directors service storage access requests from the host computers, and the disk directors stage requested data from the disk storage array to the cache memory and write new data to the disk storage. At least one of the front-end directors or disk directors is programmed for block resolution of virtual logical units of the disk storage, and for obtaining, from a storage allocation server, space allocation and mapping information for pre-allocated blocks of the disk storage, and for returning to the storage allocation server requests to commit the pre-allocated blocks of storage once data is first written to the pre-allocated blocks of storage.

摘要翻译： 缓存的磁盘阵列包括磁盘存储阵列，全局高速缓冲存储器，将高速缓存存储器耦合到磁盘存储阵列的磁盘引导器以及用于将主计算机连接到高速缓冲存储器的前端引导器。 前端总监从主机服务存储访问请求，并且磁盘控制器将请求的数据从磁盘存储阵列请求到高速缓冲存储器，并将新数据写入磁盘存储器。 前端指导器或磁盘引导器中的至少一个被编程用于磁盘存储器的虚拟逻辑单元的块分辨率，并且用于从存储分配服务器获得用于磁盘存储器的预分配块的空间分配和映射信息 并且一旦数据被首先写入到预先分配的存储块中，则返回到存储分配服务器请求提交预先分配的存储块。

公开(公告)号：US20060074925A1

公开(公告)日：2006-04-06

申请号：US10945653

申请日：2004-09-21

申请人： Peter Bixby ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Uday Gupta ,  Sorin Faibish

发明人： Peter Bixby ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Uday Gupta ,  Sorin Faibish

IPC分类号： G06F7/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/30067 ,  Y10S707/966

摘要： Servers in a storage system store a nested multilayer directory structure, and a global index that is an abstract of the directory structure. The global index identifies respective portions of the directory structure that are stored in respective ones of the servers, and the global index identifies paths through the directory structure linking the respective portions. Upon performing a top-down search of the directory structure in response to a client request and finding that a portion of it is offline, the global index is searched to discover portions of the directory structure that are located below the offline portion. The global index may also identify the respective server storing each of the respective portions of the directory structure, and may indicate whether or not each of the respective portions of the directory structure is known to be offline.

摘要翻译： 存储系统中的服务器存储嵌套的多层目录结构，以及作为目录结构的抽象的全局索引。 全局索引标识存储在相应服务器中的目录结构的各个部分，并且全局索引通过链接相应部分的目录结构来标识路径。 在响应于客户机请求并发现其一部分脱机时对目录结构进行自顶向下搜索时，搜索全局索引以发现位于离线部分下方的目录结构的部分。 全局索引还可以标识存储目录结构的各个部分的相应服务器，并且可以指示目录结构的各个部分中的每一个是否已知脱机。

公开(公告)号：US20050066095A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-24

申请号：US10668467

申请日：2003-09-23

申请人： Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish ,  Peter Bixby

发明人： Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish ,  Peter Bixby

IPC分类号： G06F12/00 ,  G06F12/14 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30171 ,  G06F11/1466 ,  G06F2201/84

摘要： A write interface in a file server provides permission management for concurrent access to data blocks of a file, ensures correct use and update of indirect blocks in a tree of the file, preallocates file blocks when the file is extended, solves access conflicts for concurrent reads and writes to the same block, and permits the use of pipelined processors. For example, a write operation includes obtaining a per file allocation mutex (mutually exclusive lock), preallocating a metadata block, releasing the allocation mutex, issuing an asynchronous write request for writing to the file, waiting for the asynchronous write request to complete, obtaining the allocation mutex, committing the preallocated metadata block, and releasing the allocation mutex. Since no locks are held during the writing of data to the on-disk storage and this data write takes the majority of the time, the method enhances concurrency while maintaining data integrity.

摘要翻译： 文件服务器中的写接口提供对并发访问文件数据块的权限管理，确保文件树中间接块的正确使用和更新，扩展文件时预分配文件块，解决并发读取的访问冲突 并写入同一个块，并允许使用流水线处理器。 例如，写入操作包括获得每个文件分配互斥（互斥锁），预先分配元数据块，释放分配互斥体，发出用于写入文件的异步写入请求，等待异步写入请求完成，获得 分配互斥体，提交预先分配的元数据块，并释放分配互斥体。 由于在将数据写入磁盘存储器期间没有锁定，并且此数据写入占用大部分时间，因此该方法在保持数据完整性的同时增强了并发性。

公开(公告)号：US08250035B1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-21

申请号：US12241743

申请日：2008-09-30

申请人： Hongliang Tang ,  Sairam Veeraswamy ,  Peter Bixby

发明人： Hongliang Tang ,  Sairam Veeraswamy ,  Peter Bixby

IPC分类号： G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06F12/00 ,  G06F13/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/30088

摘要： Embodiments of the invention relate to maintaining reference counts in a file system to track when a block is available to be freed. When a snapshot copy of a file is created, rather than copying all the blocks of the file for the snapshot copy, the snapshot inode is given pointers to the blocks of the file. Rather than updating the reference counts for all these blocks to indicate that they are now in use by more than one file, the update of reference counts for at least some of these blocks may be deferred until a later time.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例涉及在文件系统中维护引用计数以跟踪块何时可以被释放。 当创建文件的快照副本时，而不是复制快照副本的文件的所有块，快照inode将指向文件块。 不是更新所有这些块的引用计数，以指示它们现在被多个文件使用，所以至少这些块中的一些的引用计数的更新可以推迟到更晚的时间。

公开(公告)号：US08117160B1

公开(公告)日：2012-02-14

申请号：US12241715

申请日：2008-09-30

申请人： Hongliang Tang ,  Sairam Veeraswamy ,  Peter Bixby

发明人： Hongliang Tang ,  Sairam Veeraswamy ,  Peter Bixby

IPC分类号： G06F7/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/30088

摘要： Embodiments of the invention relate to maintaining reference counts in a file system to track when a block is available to be freed. When a snapshot copy of a file is created, rather than copying all the blocks of the file for the snapshot copy, the snapshot inode is given pointers to the blocks of the file. Rather than updating the reference counts for all these blocks to indicate that they are now in use by more than one file, the update of reference counts for at least some of these blocks may be deferred until a later time.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例涉及在文件系统中维护引用计数以跟踪块何时可以被释放。 当创建文件的快照副本时，而不是复制快照副本的文件的所有块，快照inode将指向文件块。 不是更新所有这些块的引用计数，以指示它们现在被多个文件使用，所以至少这些块中的一些的引用计数的更新可以推迟到更晚的时间。