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    Maintenance of a file version set including read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file
    1.
    发明授权
    Maintenance of a file version set including read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file 有权
    维护包含生产文件的只读和读写快照副本的文件版本集

    公开(公告)号：US07555504B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-06-30

    申请号：US10668546

    申请日：2003-09-23

    申请人： Peter Bixby ,  Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish

    发明人： Peter Bixby ,  Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish

    IPC分类号： G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30088 ,  Y10S707/99953 ,  Y10S707/99954

    摘要： Read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file in a Unix-based file system are organized as a version set of file inodes and shared file blocks. Version pointers and branch pointers link the inodes. Initially the production file can have all its blocks preallocated or it can be a sparse file having only an inode and its last data block. A protocol is provided for creating read-only and read-write snapshots, deleting snapshots, restoring the production file with a specified snapshot, refreshing a specified snapshot, and naming the snapshots. Block pointers are marked with a flag indicating whether or not the pointed-to block is owned by the parent inode. A non-owner marking is inherited by all of the block's descendants. The block ownership controls the copying of indirect blocks when writing to the production file, and also controls deallocation and passing of blocks when deleting a read-only snapshot.

    摘要翻译： 基于Unix的文件系统中的生产文件的只读和读写快照副本被组织为文件inode和共享文件块的版本集。 版本指针和分支指针链接inode。 最初，生产文件可以预先分配其所有块，也可以是只有一个inode及其最后一个数据块的稀疏文件。 提供了一种协议，用于创建只读和读写快照，删除快照，使用指定的快照还原生产文件，刷新指定的快照以及命名快照。 块指针标有一个标志，指示指向块是否由父节点所拥有。 非所有者标记由所有块的后代继承。 块所有权控制在写入生产文件时复制间接块，并在删除只读快照时控制块的释放和传递。

    MPEG dual-channel decoder data and control protocols for real-time video streaming
    2.
    发明授权
    MPEG dual-channel decoder data and control protocols for real-time video streaming 有权
    MPEG双通道解码器数据和控制协议，用于实时视频流

    公开(公告)号：US07174561B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-06

    申请号：US09834427

    申请日：2001-04-13

    申请人： Peter Bixby ,  John Forecast ,  William O. Hultin ,  Sorin Faibish ,  Wayne W. Duso

    发明人： Peter Bixby ,  John Forecast ,  William O. Hultin ,  Sorin Faibish ,  Wayne W. Duso

    IPC分类号： H04N7/173

    CPC分类号： H04N21/23424 ,  H04N21/44016

    摘要： A system for producing multiple concurrent real-time video streams from stored MPEG video clips includes a video server and at least one MPEG decoder array. The decoder array has multiple decoder pairs, each pair having a video switch for switching from one decoder in the pair to the other at a specified time. Switching may occur from a specified Out-point frame to a specified In-point frame, and the specified frames can be any frame type at any location in the group of pictures (GOP) structure. In a preferred construction, the video server has a controller server linked to a series of data mover computers, each controlling one or more respective decoder arrays. The data mover computers use a control protocol to control the decoder arrays, and each decoder uses a data protocol to request data from a respective data mover computer.

    摘要翻译： 用于从存储的MPEG视频剪辑产生多个并发实时视频流的系统包括视频服务器和至少一个MPEG解码器阵列。 解码器阵列具有多个解码器对，每对具有用于在指定时间从一对解码器切换到另一个的视频切换器。 可以从指定的Out-Point帧到指定的In-point帧进行切换，并且指定的帧可以是图像组（GOP）结构中的任何位置处的任何帧类型。 在优选结构中，视频服务器具有链接到一系列数据移动器计算机的控制器服务器，每个数据移动器计算机控制一个或多个相应的解码器阵列。 数据移动器计算机使用控制协议来控制解码器阵列，并且每个解码器使用数据协议来从相应的数据移动器计算机请求数据。

    Maintenance of a file version set including read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file
    3.
    发明申请
    Maintenance of a file version set including read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file 有权
    维护包含生产文件的只读和读写快照副本的文件版本集

    公开(公告)号：US20050065986A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-24

    申请号：US10668546

    申请日：2003-09-23

    申请人： Peter Bixby ,  Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish

    发明人： Peter Bixby ,  Sachin Mullick ,  Jiannan Zheng ,  Xiaoye Jiang ,  Sorin Faibish

    IPC分类号： G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30088 ,  Y10S707/99953 ,  Y10S707/99954

    摘要： Read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file in a Unix-based file system are organized as a version set of file inodes and shared file blocks. Version pointers and branch pointers link the inodes. Initially the production file can have all its blocks preallocated or it can be a sparse file having only an inode and its last data block. A protocol is provided for creating read-only and read-write snapshots, deleting snapshots, restoring the production file with a specified snapshot, refreshing a specified snapshot, and naming the snapshots. Block pointers are marked with a flag indicating whether or not the pointed-to block is owned by the parent inode. A non-owner marking is inherited by all of the block's descendants. The block ownership controls the copying of indirect blocks when writing to the production file, and also controls deallocation and passing of blocks when deleting a read-only snapshot.

    摘要翻译： 基于Unix的文件系统中的生产文件的只读和读写快照副本被组织为文件inode和共享文件块的版本集。 版本指针和分支指针链接inode。 最初，生产文件可以预先分配其所有块，也可以是只有一个inode及其最后一个数据块的稀疏文件。 提供了一种协议，用于创建只读和读写快照，删除快照，使用指定的快照还原生产文件，刷新指定的快照以及命名快照。 块指针标有一个标志，指示指向块是否由父节点所拥有。 非所有者标记由所有块的后代继承。 块所有权控制在写入生产文件时复制间接块，并在删除只读快照时控制块的释放和传递。

    Preparation of metadata for splicing of encoded MPEG video and audio
    6.
    发明授权
    Preparation of metadata for splicing of encoded MPEG video and audio 有权
    准备用于拼接编码MPEG视频和音频的元数据

    公开(公告)号：US07096481B1

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-22

    申请号：US09540306

    申请日：2000-03-31

    申请人： John Forecast ,  Daniel Gardere ,  Peter Bixby ,  Sorin Faibish ,  Wayne W. Duso

    发明人： John Forecast ,  Daniel Gardere ,  Peter Bixby ,  Sorin Faibish ,  Wayne W. Duso

    IPC分类号： H04N7/12

    CPC分类号： H04N21/44016 ,  H04N21/23406 ,  H04N21/23424 ,  H04N21/23608 ,  H04N21/44004

    摘要： Metadata for splicing of an encoded digital motion video stream (such as an MPEG Transport Stream) is prepared in real time while recording at the encoding bit rate and faster than encoded bit rate for off line encoding independent of the bit rate and mechanisms for ingestion of the data stream into data storage. Preprocessing is performed during a metered file transfer protocol (FTP) and includes pseudo real-time encoding. The preprocessing includes Group of Pictures (GOP) level pre-processing of splicing In Points and results in an intimate linkage between metadata and the file system in which the video data is stored. The preferred file system enables access to metadata in parallel to writing the data on disk. The pre-processing is performed simultaneous to writing the data to the disk using a carousel type buffer mechanism.

    摘要翻译： 用于编码的数字运动视频流（例如MPEG传输流）的拼接的元数据是以编码比特率记录并且比编码的比特率更快地编码，用于离线编码，独立于比特率和摄取的机制 将数据流转换成数据存储。 预处理在计量文件传输协议（FTP）期间执行，并包括伪实时编码。 预处理包括拼接In点的图像组（GOP）级预处理，并且导致元数据和存储视频数据的文件系统之间的密切连接。 首选文件系统可以并行访问元数据以将数据写入磁盘。 使用轮播式缓冲机制将数据同时写入到磁盘上进行预处理。

    File server system having tiered storage including solid-state drive primary storage and magnetic disk drive secondary storage
    7.
    发明授权
    File server system having tiered storage including solid-state drive primary storage and magnetic disk drive secondary storage 有权
    文件服务器系统具有分层存储，包括固态硬盘主存储和磁盘驱动器二次存储

    公开(公告)号：US09213721B1

    公开(公告)日：2015-12-15

    申请号：US12348866

    申请日：2009-01-05

    申请人： Sorin Faibish ,  Christopher H. Stacey ,  Peter Bixby ,  William C. Whitney

    发明人： Sorin Faibish ,  Christopher H. Stacey ,  Peter Bixby ,  William C. Whitney

    IPC分类号： G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30221

    摘要： A file server system having solid-state drive primary storage and magnetic disk drive secondary storage aggressively moves newly created files from the primary storage to selected file systems in the secondary storage to match expected access patterns upon the files to different configurations of the file systems and for load balancing upon the file systems in the secondary storage. Upon read access to a file that has been moved to the secondary storage, or upon migration of a newly created file that was read in primary storage after creation, a corresponding stub file containing file mapping metadata is created in the primary storage. The file mapping metadata in the stub file maps the extent of the file to logical storage addresses in the secondary storage.

    摘要翻译： 具有固态驱动器主存储器和磁盘驱动器辅助存储器的文件服务器系统将新创建的文件从主存储器大量移动到辅助存储器中的选定文件系统，以将文件上的预期访问模式与文件系统的不同配置相匹配， 用于在二级存储器中的文件系统上进行负载平衡。 在读取访问已被移动到辅助存储器的文件之后，或者在创建之后迁移新创建的在主存储器中读取的文件时，将在主存储器中创建包含文件映射元数据的对应存根文件。 存根文件中的文件映射元数据将文件的范围映射到辅助存储中的逻辑存储地址。

    Methods and apparatus for creating point in time copies in a file system using reference counts
    8.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus for creating point in time copies in a file system using reference counts 有权
    使用引用计数在文件系统中创建时间点副本的方法和设备

    公开(公告)号：US08117160B1

    公开(公告)日：2012-02-14

    申请号：US12241715

    申请日：2008-09-30

    申请人： Hongliang Tang ,  Sairam Veeraswamy ,  Peter Bixby

    发明人： Hongliang Tang ,  Sairam Veeraswamy ,  Peter Bixby

    IPC分类号： G06F7/00

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30088

    摘要： Embodiments of the invention relate to maintaining reference counts in a file system to track when a block is available to be freed. When a snapshot copy of a file is created, rather than copying all the blocks of the file for the snapshot copy, the snapshot inode is given pointers to the blocks of the file. Rather than updating the reference counts for all these blocks to indicate that they are now in use by more than one file, the update of reference counts for at least some of these blocks may be deferred until a later time.

    摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例涉及在文件系统中维护引用计数以跟踪块何时可以被释放。 当创建文件的快照副本时，而不是复制快照副本的文件的所有块，快照inode将指向文件块。 不是更新所有这些块的引用计数，以指示它们现在被多个文件使用，所以至少这些块中的一些的引用计数的更新可以推迟到更晚的时间。

    Intelligent file system based power management for shared storage that migrates groups of files based on inactivity threshold
    9.
    发明授权
    Intelligent file system based power management for shared storage that migrates groups of files based on inactivity threshold 有权
    基于智能文件系统的共享存储的电源管理，可以基于不活动阈值迁移文件组

    公开(公告)号：US08006111B1

    公开(公告)日：2011-08-23

    申请号：US11859100

    申请日：2007-09-21

    申请人： Sorin Faibish ,  Peter Bixby ,  Percy Tzelnic

    发明人： Sorin Faibish ,  Peter Bixby ,  Percy Tzelnic

    IPC分类号： G06F1/32

    CPC分类号： G06F3/0625 ,  G06F1/3221 ,  G06F1/3268 ,  G06F1/3287 ,  G06F3/0649 ,  G06F3/067 ,  G06F17/30147 ,  Y02D10/154 ,  Y02D10/171

    摘要： A file server includes active storage containing frequently accessed files, and active/inactive disk drives for containing infrequently accessed files. Groups of the files having become inactive in the active storage are successively migrated to respective evacuated active/inactive disk drives so that each active/inactive disk drive is loaded with files having a similar probability of access when access to the active/inactive disk drive reaches an inactivity threshold for powering down the active/inactive disk drive. Storage of the active/inactive disk drives is reclaimed when an oldest group of the files is archived or when an active/inactive disk drive is evacuated by migrating files from the active/inactive disk drive to storage having been released in other disk drives by promotion of files for client access to the promoted files. Therefore, recovery of storage can be planned and scheduled in advance and performed efficiently in a background process.

    摘要翻译： 文件服务器包括包含经常访问的文件的活动存储器，以及用于包含不经常访问的文件的主动/非活动磁盘驱动器。 在活动存储器中变得不活动的文件组被依次迁移到相应的撤离的活动/非活动磁盘驱动器，使得当访问活动/非活动磁盘驱动器到达时，每个活动/非活动磁盘驱动器被加载具有相似的访问概率的文件 用于关闭主动/非活动磁盘驱动器的非活动阈值。 当归档最旧的文件组或通过将活动/非活动磁盘驱动器中的文件迁移到已经通过宣传释放到其他磁盘驱动器中的存储而将主动/不活动磁盘驱动器撤离时，将回收活动/非活动磁盘驱动器的存储 的文件，以便客户端访问升级的文件。 因此，可以预先规划和调度存储的恢复并且在后台进程中有效地执行。