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11.发明申请METHOD OF MAKING AN OPTICAL ELEMENT HAVING AN ELECTROCHROMIC APODIZED APERTURE 有权制造具有电致变色光孔的光学元件的方法公开(公告)号：US20130206323A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-15
申请号：US13587284
申请日：2012-08-16
申请人： Forrest R. Blackburn , Jonathan Bork , John A. Charny , Stefan C. Dehaseth , Peter C. Foller , Andrew J. Lamb , Kevin W. Seybert , Michael A. Steimle , Robert H. Tang , Robert W. Walters
发明人： Forrest R. Blackburn , Jonathan Bork , John A. Charny , Stefan C. Dehaseth , Peter C. Foller , Andrew J. Lamb , Kevin W. Seybert , Michael A. Steimle , Robert H. Tang , Robert W. Walters
IPC分类号： B29D11/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/153 , B29D11/0074 , G02B5/005 , G02B27/58 , G03B9/02
摘要： A method of forming an optical element which includes an electrochromic apodized aperture having variable light transmittance through a clear aperture area in response to an applied electrical current is disclosed. The apodized aperture includes a body including an area defining the clear aperture area wherein a fluid containment area substantially overlapping the clear aperture area, and includes at least one fill passage extending from the fluid containment area to at least one fill port outside of the clear aperture area; an electrochromic fluid within the fluid containment area substantially overlapping the clear aperture area and having variable light transmittance in response to an applied electrical current; a cover attached with the electrochromic fluid between the cover and body; electrical contacts electrically coupled to the electrochromic fluid for supplying electrical current thereto; and at least one passage seal in each said fill passage positioned outside of the clear aperture area.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种形成光学元件的方法，该光学元件包括响应于施加的电流通过透明孔径区域具有可变透光率的电致变色孔径。 变迹孔包括主体，其包括限定透明孔径区域的区域，其中流体容纳区域基本上与透明孔径区域重叠，并且包括从流体容纳区域延伸到至少一个填充口的至少一个填充通道， 区; 所述液体容纳区域内的电致变色液体基本上与所述透明孔径区域重叠并且响应于施加的电流具有可变的透光率; 盖子和主体之间附着有电致变色流体的盖子; 电接触电耦合到电致变色流体以供应电流的电接触; 并且每个所述填充通道中的至少一个通道密封件位于透光孔区域的外部。
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公开(公告)号：US5882501A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-16
申请号：US914602
申请日：1997-08-18
IPC分类号： B01D61/44 , B01D61/52 , C07C209/68 , C07C211/10 , C25B3/00 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/16 , C25B1/00 , C25B7/00 , C25B9/00
摘要： Describes a method of electrochemically converting amine hydrohalide, e.g., ethyleneamine hydrochloride, into free amine, e.g., free ethyleneamine, by charging an aqueous solution of amine hydrohalide to the catholyte compartment of an electrolytic cell, which contains a cathode, charging hydrogen gas to the anode compartment of the cell, which contains an anode assembly comprised of a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode fixedly held between a current collecting electrode and an anion exchange membrane. The catholyte and anode compartments of the cell are separated by the anion exchange membrane. An amine hydrohalide solution containing free amine is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译： 描述了通过将胺氢卤化物的水溶液加入到含有阴极的电解池的阴极电解液室中，将胺氢卤化物（例如，乙烯胺盐酸盐）电化学转化成游离胺，例如游离亚乙基胺的方法，将氢气加入到 阳极室，其包含阳极组件，阳极组件由固定保持在集电电极和阴离子交换膜之间的消耗氢的气体扩散阳极组成。 细胞的阴极电解液和阳极室被阴离子交换膜分离。 从阴极电解液室除去含有游离胺的胺氢卤酸盐溶液。
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13.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5728771A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-17
申请号：US563846
申请日：1995-11-28
IPC分类号： D06M13/192 , D06M13/285 , D06M13/288 , D06M15/263 , D06M15/667 , D06M15/00
CPC分类号： D06M15/667 , D06M13/192 , D06M13/285 , D06M13/288 , D06M15/263 , D06M2101/06
摘要： A composition and method for providing a non-formaldehyde durable press finish to cellulosic fabrics by employing polyphosphinocarboxylic acids are disclosed. The polyphosphinocarboxylic acid is preferably polyphosphinoacrylic acid, and is optimally used in combination with phosphonoalkylpolycarboxylic acid, and, for cost effectiveness, a low-cost polycarboxylic acid such as citric acid. The catalyst for the curing reaction is preferably a phosphorus-containing acid or alkali metal salt thereof such as a mixture of sodium monophosphate and sodium hypophosphite.
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14.发明授权Non-formaldehyde durable press finishing for cellulosic textiles with phosphinocarboxylic acid 失效具有膦酰基羧酸的纤维素纺织品的非甲醛耐久压机整理
公开(公告)号：US5496477A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-05
申请号：US247949
申请日：1994-05-24
IPC分类号： D06M13/192 , D06M13/285 , D06M13/288 , D06M15/263 , D06M15/667 , D06M13/282
CPC分类号： D06M15/667 , D06M13/192 , D06M13/285 , D06M13/288 , D06M15/263 , D06M2101/06
摘要： A composition and method for providing a non-formaldehyde durable press finish to cellulosic fabrics by employing polyphosphinocarboxylic acids are disclosed. The polyphosphinocarboxylic acid is preferably polyphosphinoacrylic acid, and is optimally used in combination with phosphonoalkylpolycarboxylic acid, and, for cost effectiveness, a low-cost polycarboxylic acid such as citric acid. The catalyst for the curing reaction is preferably a phosphorus-containing acid or alkali metal salt thereof such as a mixture of sodium monophosphate and sodium hypophosphite.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于通过使用聚磷酸羧酸向纤维素织物提供非甲醛耐久的压光加工的组合物和方法。 聚磷钼酸优选为聚磷腈酸，并且与膦酰基烷基多羧酸组合最佳地使用，并且为了成本效益，可以使用低成本的多元羧酸如柠檬酸。 用于固化反应的催化剂优选为含磷酸或其碱金属盐，例如单磷酸钠和次磷酸钠的混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US5296627A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-22
申请号：US985780
申请日：1992-12-04
IPC分类号： C08F290/06 , C08G65/26 , C08G65/324 , C08G65/326 , C08G65/332 , C07C43/04 , C07C43/15 , C07C211/03 , C07C305/04
CPC分类号： C08G65/324 , C08F290/062 , C08G65/2603 , C08G65/326 , C08G65/3322
摘要： Describes terminally ethylenically unsaturated poly(alkyleneoxy) surfactant compounds of the general formula, R--O--(R'O).sub.m --(EO).sub.n-1 --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --X, wherein R is the ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon group, e.g., allyl, R' is the bivalent radical derived from butylene oxide, E is the bivalent ethylene radical, m and n are numbers of from 10 to 15 and 10 to 40 respectively, and X is chloride, tertiaryamino, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, isethionate and alkali metal salts of the anionic groups. These surfactant compounds may be used in emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated, e.g., vinyl, monomers.
摘要翻译： 描述通式为RO-（R'O）m-（EO）n-1-CH2CH2-X的末端烯属不饱和聚（亚烷基氧基）表面活性剂化合物，其中R是烯属不饱和烃基，例如烯丙基，R' 是衍生自环氧丁烷的二价基团，E是二价亚乙基，m和n分别为10至15和10至40的数，X为氯，叔氨基，磺酸根，硫酸根，磷酸根，羟乙基磺酸根和碱金属盐 的阴离子基团。 这些表面活性剂化合物可用于烯键式不饱和例如乙烯基单体的乳液聚合。
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公开(公告)号：US5162475A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-10
申请号：US722423
申请日：1991-06-27
IPC分类号： C08F290/06 , C08G65/26 , C08G65/324 , C08G65/326 , C08G65/332
CPC分类号： C08G65/2603 , C08F290/062 , C08G65/324 , C08G65/326 , C08G65/3322
摘要： Describes alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated poly(alkyleneoxy) compounds that display surfactant activity and that polymerize when used in the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, including vinyl monomers. Certain of the polymer products are useful in imparting improved hand or feel to textile fabrics.
摘要翻译： 描述了当用于烯属不饱和单体（包括乙烯基单体）的乳液聚合时显示表面活性活性并聚合的α-β烯属不饱和聚（亚烷氧基）化合物。 某些聚合物产品可用于赋予织物更好的手感或手感。
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公开(公告)号：US4584142A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-22
申请号：US548373
申请日：1983-11-03
申请人： Robert H. Tang , James A. Barter
发明人： Robert H. Tang , James A. Barter
IPC分类号： C07C409/34 , C08F299/04 , C07C179/15
CPC分类号： C08F299/045 , C07C409/32
摘要： Organic peroxydicarbonates represented by the following graphic formula are described. ##STR1## In the formula, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently selected from an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and/or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 can participate in a cycloalkyl group having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms. The peroxydicarbonates are useful as initiators for the polymerization or copolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers or the cross-linking of unsaturated polyester resins. The organic peroxydicarbonates can be used in combination with commercially available peroxydicarbonates, particularly those having a longer half-life, or with peresters, diacylperoxides and azo compounds.
摘要翻译： 描述由以下图形公式表示的有机过氧化二碳酸酯。 在该式中，R 1，R 2，R 3和R 4各自独立地选自含有1至4个碳原子的烷基。 R 1和R 2和/或R 3和R 4可以参与具有3至6个碳原子的环烷基。 过氧二碳酸酯可用作烯属不饱和单体的聚合或共聚的引发剂或不饱和聚酯树脂的交联。 有机过氧二碳酸酯可以与市售的过氧化二碳酸酯，特别是具有较长半衰期的过氧碳酸酯，或与过氧化物，二酰基过氧化物和偶氮化合物组合使用。
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公开(公告)号：US08373919B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-12
申请号：US12629521
申请日：2009-12-02
IPC分类号： G02F1/153
CPC分类号： G02F1/163 , G02F1/1533 , G02F1/155 , G02F2001/291 , G03B9/02
摘要： Provided is an optical element with an electrochromic apodized aperture having variable light transmittance in response to the amplitude of an applied voltage. The apodized aperture includes (i) a first substrate having a planar inner surface and an outer surface, (ii) a second substrate having an outer surface and a non-planar inner surface opposing and spaced from the planar inner surface of the first substrate, wherein each of the planar inner surface of the first substrate and the non-planar inner surface of the second substrate has an at least partial layer of transparent conductive material thereover; and (iii) an electrochromic medium disposed between the planar inner surface of the first substrate and the non-planar inner surface of the second substrate.
摘要翻译： 提供了具有电致变色孔径的光学元件，其响应于施加电压的幅度而具有可变的透光率。 变迹孔包括（i）具有平面内表面和外表面的第一衬底，（ii）具有与第一衬底的平面内表面相对并间隔开的外表面和非平面内表面的第二衬底， 其中所述第一基板的所述平面内表面和所述第二基板的所述非平面内表面中的每一个在其上具有至少部分透明导电材料层; 和（iii）设置在第一基板的平面内表面和第二基板的非平面内表面之间的电致变色介质。
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公开(公告)号：US5906722A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-25
申请号：US914603
申请日：1997-08-18
摘要： Describes a method of electrochemically converting amine hydrohalide, e.g., ethyleneamine hydrochloride, into free amine, e.g., free ethyleneamine. A three compartment electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and an anion exchange membrane, (2) an anode compartment containing an anode assembly comprising either (a) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode and a current collecting electrode or (b) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode which is fixedly held between a hydraulic barrier and a current collecting electrode, and (3) an intermediate compartment separated from the catholyte and anode compartments by the anion exchange membrane and either (i) the hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode or (ii) the hydraulic barrier respectively. An aqueous solution of amine hydrohalide is charged to the catholyte compartment, while hydrogen gas is charged to the anode compartment and an aqueous conductive electrolyte solution is charged to the intermediate compartment. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell and an aqueous solution comprising free amine is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译： 描述了将胺氢卤化物（例如乙烯胺盐酸盐）电化学转化成游离胺，例如游离亚乙基胺的方法。 提供一种三室电解池，其具有：（1）阴极电解室，其包含阴极组件，阴极组件包括阴极和阴离子交换膜;（2）阳极室，其包含阳极组件，阳极组件包括（a）消耗氢的气体扩散阳极和 电流收集电极或（b）固定保持在液压屏障和集电电极之间的消耗氢的气体扩散阳极，以及（3）通过阴离子交换膜与阴极电解液和阳极隔室分离的中间室和（i ）氢消耗气体扩散阳极或（ii）液压屏障。 将胺氢卤化物的水溶液加入到阴极电解液室中，同时将氢气加入到阳极室中，并将水性导电电解质溶液装入中间室。 直流电流通过电解槽，并从阴极电解液隔室除去包含游离胺的水溶液。
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20.发明授权Non-formaldehyde durable press finishing for cellulosic textiles with phosphonoalkylpolycarboxylic 失效对于具有膦酰基烷基多羧酸的纤维素纺织品的非甲醛耐久压机加工
公开(公告)号：US5705475A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-06
申请号：US586048
申请日：1996-01-16
IPC分类号： D06M13/192 , D06M13/203 , D06M13/288 , D06M14/04 , D06M15/263
CPC分类号： D06M13/203 , D06M13/192 , D06M13/288 , D06M14/04 , D06M15/263 , D06M2101/06
摘要： A composition and method for providing a non-formaldehyde durable press finish to cellulosic fabrics by employing phosphonoalkylpolycarboxylic acids are disclosed. The phosphonoalkylpolycarboxylic acid is optimally used in combination with another polycarboxylic acid, such as polyacrylic acid, and/or, for cost effectiveness, a low-cost polycarboxylic acid such as citric acid. The catalyst for the curing reaction is optimally a phosphorus-containing acid or alkali metal salt thereof, such as a mixture of sodium monophosphate and sodium hypophosphite.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种通过使用膦酰基烷基多羧酸向纤维素织物提供非甲醛耐久的压光加工的组合物和方法。 膦酰基烷基多羧酸与另一种多元羧酸（如聚丙烯酸）组合使用，和/或为了成本效益，优选使用低成本多元羧酸如柠檬酸。 用于固化反应的催化剂最好是含磷酸或其碱金属盐，例如单磷酸钠和次磷酸钠的混合物。
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