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公开(公告)号：US07089804B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-15
申请号：US10501143
申请日：2003-01-09
IPC分类号： G01F1/00
CPC分类号： G01F1/6986
摘要： The invention relates to a process and a device for thermal measuring the flow rate (v) of a fluid (3). In conventional thermal sensors the heating power P is supplied in the form of rectangular pulses. According to the invention, the sensor means (1b) are supplied by a heating control (2b) with non-constant heating pulses having a sublinear build-up dynamics P(t). Thereby, a nonlinear behaviour of the threshold value time (tS), until a threshold value temperature (Tm) is reached, as a function of the flow rate (v) can at least partially be compensated. Embodiments concern inter alia a build-up dynamics P(t) proportional to tm and/or to a time-independent amplitude factor (1+RS/RI)−1, wherein m is a Reynolds-number-dependent exponent and RS, RI are thermal transfer resistances. The advantages are an improved precision, a shorter measuring time and an enlarged measuring range for the flow rate v.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于热测量流体（3）的流速（v）的方法和装置。 在传统的热传感器中，加热功率P以矩形脉冲的形式提供。 根据本发明，传感器装置（1b）由具有非线性积分动力学P（t）的非恒定加热脉冲的加热控制（2b）提供。 因此，阈值时间（t S S S S S）的非线性行为直到达到阈值温度（T ms），作为流量的函数（v ）可以至少部分地被补偿。 实施例特别涉及与tΔm成正比的积分动力学P（t）和/或与时间无关的振幅因子（1 + R SUB / R＆lt; SUB＆gt; 其中m是雷诺数依赖指数，R 1，R 2是热转移 电阻。 优点是提高了精度，缩短了测量时间，扩大了流量测量范围。
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公开(公告)号：US06405590B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-18
申请号：US09638004
申请日：2000-08-14
IPC分类号： G01F2300
CPC分类号： G01F23/268 , G01F23/263 , G01F23/265
摘要： The present invention discloses a capacitive filling-level sensor, which is suitable in particular for filling-level determination in oil separator tanks. The capacitive sensor includes a measuring probe with at least one sensor electrode. According to the invention, the measuring probe is at least partially sheathed with at least one outer layer of a fluorinated plastic and at least one inner layer of a mica-filled plastic. Important exemplary embodiments concern an outer layer of perfluoroethylene-perfluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), an inner layer of mica-coated glass fiber tape impregnated with epoxy resin and possibly silanized and an incompressible, thermally adapted filling of the measuring-probe pipe with silicone oil and glass spheres or glass polyhedrons and/or an inner rod of AlMgSi-filled epoxy resin. The sheathing is electrically insulating, chemically inert, hydrophobic, oleophobic, waterproof, mechanically robust and easy to produce.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种电容式灌装液位传感器，特别适用于油分离器罐中的填充液位测定。 电容传感器包括具有至少一个传感器电极的测量探针。 根据本发明，测量探针至少部分地与至少一个氟化塑料的外层和填充云母的塑料的至少一个内层部分地包覆。 重要的示例性实施方案涉及全氟乙烯 - 全氟丙烯共聚物（FEP）的外层，其中浸渍有环氧树脂的云母涂覆的玻璃纤维带的内层，并且可能是硅烷化的和不可压缩的，热适应性地用测量探针管填充硅油和 玻璃球或玻璃多面体和/或AlMgSi填充的环氧树脂的内棒。 护套是电绝缘的，化学惰性的，疏水的，疏油的，防水的，机械坚固的并且易于生产。
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公开(公告)号：US09562332B2
公开(公告)日：2017-02-07
申请号：US14241991
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Torsten Erwe , Frank Grimberg , Thomas Gross , Thomas Kleiner
发明人： Torsten Erwe , Frank Grimberg , Thomas Gross , Thomas Kleiner
摘要： The invention relates to a method for producing load transferring regions in a ballast body of a track superstructure by introducing curable liquid plastics or reactive plastic mixtures from a mixing unit by means of at least two distributor pipes with outlets into the load transferring regions and allowing the plastic or the reactive plastic mixture to cure in said load transferring regions. The two distributor pipes with outlets are positioned on the left or on the right from the outside of the rails into the region between the two rails such that the outlets are located adjacent to each other and are laterally spaced from the front face (3) of the tie (2) that has the load transferring region to be reinforced. The two outlets are opened in order to allow the plastic or the reactive plastic mixture to exit at a controlled rate. Each distributor pipe outlet is guided to the respective end face (4, 4′) of the tie (2) from the inside to the outside in a lateral manner with respect to the front face (3) of the tie (2) and around the respective end face (4, 4′) of the tie (2) to the rear face (5) of the tie (2). The distributor pipe outlets are guided in a lateral manner along the rear face (5) of the tie (2) into the region between the two rails (9, 9′) such that the outlets are located adjacent to each other and are laterally spaced from the rear face (5) of the tie (2).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于在轨道上部结构的压载体中产生载荷传递区域的方法，其特征在于，通过至少两个具有出口的分配器管道将可固化的液体塑料或反应性塑料混合物从混合单元引入到载荷传递区域中， 塑料或反应性塑料混合物在所述负载转移区域中固化。 具有出口的两个分配器管从轨道的外部位于左侧或右侧，进入两个轨道之间的区域，使得出口彼此相邻并且与前面（3）的横向间隔开 具有要加固的载荷传递区域的连接件（2）。 打开两个出口以便塑料或反应性塑料混合物以受控的速率离开。 每个分配器管出口相对于领带（2）的前面（3）以内侧和外侧的方式被引导到系带（2）的相应的端面（4,4'），并且围绕 领带（2）的相应端面（4,4'）连接到领带（2）的后表面（5）。 分配器管出口沿着连接件（2）的后表面（5）以横向方式被引导到两个导轨（9,9'）之间的区域中，使得出口彼此相邻并且横向隔开 从领带（2）的后面（5）。
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公开(公告)号：US20140300015A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-09
申请号：US14241991
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Torsten Erwe , Frank Grimberg , Thomas Gross , Thomas Kleiner
发明人： Torsten Erwe , Frank Grimberg , Thomas Gross , Thomas Kleiner
IPC分类号： E01B1/00
摘要： The invention relates to a method for producing load transferring regions in a ballast body of a track superstructure by introducing curable liquid plastics or reactive plastic mixtures from a mixing unit by means of at least two distributor pipes with outlets into the load transferring regions and allowing the plastic or the reactive plastic mixture to cure in said load transferring regions. The two distributor pipes with outlets are positioned on the left or on the right from the outside of the rails into the region between the two rails such that the outlets are located adjacent to each other and are laterally spaced from the front face (3) of the tie (2) that has the load transferring region to be reinforced. The two outlets are opened in order to allow the plastic or the reactive plastic mixture to exit at a controlled rate. Each distributor pipe outlet is guided to the respective end face (4, 4′) of the tie (2) from the inside to the outside in a lateral manner with respect to the front face (3) of the tie (2) and around the respective end face (4, 4′) of the tie (2) to the rear face (5) of the tie (2). The distributor pipe outlets are guided in a lateral manner along the rear face (5) of the tie (2) into the region between the two rails (9, 9′) such that the outlets are located adjacent to each other and are laterally spaced from the rear face (5) of the tie (2).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于在轨道上部结构的压载体中产生载荷传递区域的方法，其特征在于，通过至少两个具有出口的分配器管道将可固化的液体塑料或反应性塑料混合物从混合单元引入到载荷传递区域中， 塑料或反应性塑料混合物在所述负载转移区域中固化。 具有出口的两个分配器管从轨道的外部位于左侧或右侧，进入两个轨道之间的区域，使得出口彼此相邻并且与前面（3）的横向间隔开 具有要加固的载荷传递区域的连接件（2）。 打开两个出口以便塑料或反应性塑料混合物以受控的速率离开。 每个分配器管出口相对于领带（2）的前面（3）以内侧和外侧的方式被引导到系带（2）的相应的端面（4,4'），并且围绕 领带（2）的相应端面（4,4'）连接到领带（2）的后表面（5）。 分配器管出口沿着连接件（2）的后表面（5）以横向方式被引导到两个导轨（9,9'）之间的区域中，使得出口彼此相邻并且横向隔开 从领带（2）的后面（5）。
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15.发明申请Differential pressure means for a gas meter arrangement, comprising an improved flow geometry 有权用于气表装置的差压装置，包括改进的流动几何形状公开(公告)号：US20090090195A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-09
申请号：US12333543
申请日：2008-12-12
申请人： Daniel Matter , Thomas Kleiner , Beat Kramer
发明人： Daniel Matter , Thomas Kleiner , Beat Kramer
IPC分类号： G01F1/37
CPC分类号： G01F15/00 , G01F1/6842 , G01F5/00
摘要： A differential pressure system and a gas meter arrangement for precisely measuring a gas consumption by a gas meter is provided. A previously known gas meter is disposed in a bypass comprising a differential pressure system in the gas pipe for measuring a volumetric flow rate inside the gas pipe. The differential pressure system includes flow ducts having decreasing diameters as the radial position increases starting from a central axis of the differential pressure system. Examples of execution include inlet ports and/or outlet ports of the flow ducts which are provided with a specific countersink angle (α), and an equidistant, concentric arrangement of flow ducts on the cross-sectional area of the differential pressure system. This has the advantage of increasing the differential pressure at a low volume flow rate, reducing the differential pressure at a high volume flow rate, and generally creating an improved linearity across the entire measurement range between the volume flow rate in the bypass and the volume flow rate in the gas pipe, among other advantages.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于精确测量燃气表的气体消耗的差压系统和燃气表装置。 预先知道的气量计设置在旁路中，包括用于测量气体管内的体积流量的气体管道中的差压系统。 差压系统包括随着径向位置从差压系统的中心轴线开始增加而具有减小的直径的流动管道。 执行的实例包括设置有特定埋头角（α）的流动管道的入口端口和/或出口端口，以及在差压系统的横截面积上的等离子体同心配置的流动管道。 这具有在低体积流量下增加差压的优点，在大体积流量下降低压差，并且通常在旁路体积流量与体积流量之间的整个测量范围内产生改善的线性度 气管中的比例等优点。
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公开(公告)号：US06963809B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-08
申请号：US10297711
申请日：2001-05-31
申请人： Daniel Matter , Philippe Prêtre , Thomas Kleiner , Alexander Wenk
发明人： Daniel Matter , Philippe Prêtre , Thomas Kleiner , Alexander Wenk
CPC分类号： G01F1/692 , G01F1/6965 , G01F1/74 , G01F15/046 , G01F25/0053
摘要： A gas meter for determining a gas mixture consumption is revealed which determines sensor signal values proportional to a flow rate, this gas meter being calibrated as an energy measuring unit. The calibration is based on a basic gas mixture. During the measurement of the gas consumption, a measured energy consumption value is multiplied by a correction factor which takes account, at least approximately, of the calorific value of a supplied gas mixture, this calorific value being determined by an external unit. By this means, it is possible, using a simple and cost-efficient gas meter, to determine the effective supplied energy and to bill costs according to the supply.
摘要翻译： 显示用于确定气体混合物消耗的气量计，其确定与流量成比例的传感器信号值，该气量计被校准为能量测量单元。 校准基于基本的气体混合物。 在测量气体消耗量期间，将测量的能量消耗值乘以校正因子，该校正因子至少考虑到供给的气体混合物的发热量，该热值由外部单元确定。 通过这种方式，可以使用简单和具有成本效益的燃气表来确定有效的供应能量并根据供应来计费成本。
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公开(公告)号：US20050115313A1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-02
申请号：US10501143
申请日：2003-01-09
CPC分类号： G01F1/6986
摘要： The invention relates to a process and a device for thermal measuring the flow rate (v) of a fluid (3). In conventional thermal sensors the heating power P is supplied in the form of rectangular pulses. According to the invention, the sensor means (1b) are supplied by a heating control (2b) with non-constant heating pulses having a sublinear build-up dynamics P(t). Thereby, a nonlinear behaviour of the threshold value time (tS), until a threshold value temperature (Tm) is reached, as a function of the flow rate (v) can at least partially be compensated. Embodiments concern inter alia a build-up dynamics P(t) proportional to tm and/or to a time-independent amplitude factor (1+RS/RI)−1, wherein m is a Reynolds-number-dependent exponent and RS, Rl are thermal transfer resistances. The advantages are an improved precision, a shorter measuring time and an enlarged measuring range for the flow rate v.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于热测量流体（3）的流速（v）的方法和装置。 在传统的热传感器中，加热功率P以矩形脉冲的形式提供。 根据本发明，传感器装置（1b）由具有非线性积分动力学P（t）的非恒定加热脉冲的加热控制（2b）提供。 因此，阈值时间（t S S S S S）的非线性行为直到达到阈值温度（T ms），作为流量的函数（v ）可以至少部分地被补偿。 实施例特别涉及与tΔm成正比的积分动力学P（t）和/或与时间无关的振幅因子（1 + R SUB / R＆lt; SUB＆gt; 其中m是雷诺数依赖指数，R 1，R 1是热转移 电阻。 优点是提高了精度，缩短了测量时间，扩大了流量测量范围。
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公开(公告)号：US06829543B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-07
申请号：US10187606
申请日：2002-07-03
申请人： Beat Kramer , Daniel Matter , Thomas Kleiner
发明人： Beat Kramer , Daniel Matter , Thomas Kleiner
IPC分类号： G01F100
CPC分类号： G01F15/06
摘要： The subject matter of the present invention is a sampling method for flowmeters, in the case of which the sampling rate is reduced as a function of the remaining power source service life. The latter is extended thereby with loss of accuracy.
摘要翻译： 本发明的主题是流量计的取样方法，其中采样率随剩余电源使用寿命而减小。 后者由于失去精度而延长。
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公开(公告)号：US06614242B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-02
申请号：US09732009
申请日：2000-12-08
IPC分类号： G01R2708
CPC分类号： G01N33/1833 , G01N27/226 , Y02A20/206
摘要： A method and a sensor (1) for oil-in-water measurement, in particular for the oil industry. In an electric measuring cell (7, 12) a capacitance is measured as a measure of an oil concentration in the water flowing through or in the accumulation filter (16, 16a, 16b). In order to reduce the maintenance requirement, the measuring cell (7, 12) is automatically calibrated at recurring time intervals with clean water (FIG. 1) and/or flushed with water, possibly oil-contaminated, in the back-flushing direction (FIG. 2). Advantages of the invention are reduced signal drift, improved long-term reliability and a long service life without monitoring or filter exchange. Important exemplary embodiments relate to: a measuring cell (7, 12) with a long measuring and short flushing/calibration cycle, a measuring cell (7, 12) with a plurality of accumulation filters (16a, 16b) whose measuring cycles supplement one another in time, a cross-flow filter (2) for oil enrichment upstream of the measuring cell (7, 12) and a compact, pressure-resistant cylindrical ring-type filter (13) made from porous ceramic (16, 16a, 16b) with measuring and flushing connections radially (17a, 17b, 18a, 18b) and axially (17c, 18c).
摘要翻译： 一种用于水包油测量的方法和传感器（1），特别是用于石油工业。 在电测量单元（7,12）中，测量电容量作为流过或累积滤波器（16,16a，16b）的水中的油浓度的量度。 为了减少维护要求，测量单元（7,12）以清洁的水（图1）以重复的时间间隔被自动校准和/或在反冲洗方向上用水冲洗（可能是油污染） 图2）。 本发明的优点是减少了信号漂移，提高了长期可靠性和长期使用寿命，而无需监控或过滤器的更换。 重要示例性实施例涉及：具有长测量和短冲洗/校准周期的测量单元（7,12），具有多个累积过滤器（16a，16b）的测量单元（7,12），其测量循环相互补充 在时间上，用于在测量单元（7,12）上游进行富油的交叉流过滤器（2）和由多孔陶瓷（16,16a，16b）制成的紧凑，耐压的圆柱形环形过滤器（13） （17a，17b，18a，18b）和轴向（17c，18c）的测量和冲洗连接。
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公开(公告)号：US06318172B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-20
申请号：US09341798
申请日：2000-10-05
IPC分类号： G01F2326
CPC分类号： G01F23/266 , G01F23/265 , G01F23/268 , G01R27/2676
摘要： The subject matter of the present invention is the optimization of a capacitive liquid level sensor which is suitable, in particular, for determining the location of a boundary layer 12 between water 10 and oil 11 in a separator tank. The known sensor principle is based on measuring the environmentally dependent capacitance between neighboring electrodes 13, 4; 4, 5; 5, 6 of a rod-shaped probe 1. According to the invention, the probe 1 is designed such that large ionic double-layer capacitors occur on the electrodes 4, 5, 6, 13 in the more conductive medium 10, and small capacitors occur between electrodes 4, 5, 6, 13 in the insulating medium 11. For this purpose, the electrode height h is selected to be large, the ratio of the electrode height h to the electrode spacing a is preferably selected to be in the range of 1
摘要翻译： 本发明的主题是电容液位传感器的优化，其特别适用于确定分离器箱中的水10和油11之间的边界层12的位置。 已知的传感器原理基于测量相邻电极13,4之间的环境依赖电容。 4，5; 5，根据本发明，探针1被设计成使得较大的离子双层电容器出现在导电介质10中的电极4,5,6,13上，而小电容器 发生在绝缘介质11中的电极4,5,6,13之间。为此，电极高度h被选择为较大，电极高度h与电极间距a的比优选地选择在范围 1
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