Abstract:
An integrated process for making furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and FDCA derivatives combines a furfural oxidation reaction, an intermediate water removal step, and a furoate salt carboxylation reaction. A furfural feed stream is oxidized with an alkaline solution in the presence of a catalyst and excess base with air as the oxidant. The resulting furoate solution from the first process step is dried to remove water. The anhydrous solid products are sent to a carboxylation process to produce FDCA salt, which can optionally be further reacted to form FDCA or FDCA ester.
Abstract:
A method for preparing a mixed-metal oxide catalyst comprising molybdenum, vanadium, at least one of niobium or tantalum, and at least one of tellurium or antimony and useful for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene, the method comprising preparing a catalyst precursor, pressing the precursor into a dense pellet using a pressure of greater than about 5,000 psi, and annealing the pellet to form the mixed-metal oxide catalyst.
Abstract:
A method for preparing a mixed-metal oxide catalyst comprising molybdenum, vanadium, at least one of niobium or tantalum, and at least one of tellurium or antimony and useful for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene, the method comprising preparing a catalyst precursor, pressing the precursor into a dense pellet using a pressure of greater than about 5,000 psi, and annealing the pellet to form the mixed-metal oxide catalyst.
Abstract:
A liquid phase selective oxidation process is described. The process involves the partial oxidation of alkanes to partially oxidized products. A lower alkane, a solvent, and a soluble metal catalyst are contacted in the presence of an oxidizing agent in a reaction zone under partial oxidation conditions to produce the partially oxidized products. The partially oxidized products include one or more of lower alkyl alcohols, lower alkyl ketones, and lower alkyl acetates. The soluble metal catalyst is a soluble metal salt of cobalt, manganese, chromium, titanium, copper, nickel, vanadium, iron, molybdenum, tin, cerium, zirconium, or combinations thereof, and the promoter comprises a bromine source, an imide source, or combinations thereof.
Abstract:
A process for oxidizing and crystallizing alkyl aromatics is described. The solvent and operating conditions are controlled to maintain the aromatic carboxylic acid in solution in the reaction zone, and the aromatic carboxylic acid is crystallized in a downstream crystallizer, resulting in reduced impurity levels in the product.
Abstract:
Ionic liquid compositions derived from imidazolium based ionic liquids that have been thermally treated or thermally and oxidatively treated are disclosed. These compositions can be utilized as the medium for oxidation of alkylaromatic compounds and their oxidized derivatives or as a medium for purification of aromatic carboxylic acids.
Abstract:
Processes for producing biomonomers and precursors for same with a slurry-phase reaction. A furoate carboxylation reaction is conducted within a hydrocarbon slurry which includes carbon dioxide. The reaction produces dicarboxylates which can be separated from the slurry and used to produce biomonomers like furan dicarboxylate methyl ester and furan dicarboxylic acid.
Abstract:
Processes for producing biomonomers and precursors for producing same. A carboxylation reaction is conducted between an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as a furoate, and a dicarboxylated alkali salt. The reaction produces a carboxylated aromatic hydrocarbon and a decarboxylated alkali salt. The carboxylated aromatic hydrocarbon can be separated and used to produce biomonomers like furan dicarboxylate methyl ester and furan dicarboxylic acid. The decarboxylated alkali salt may be regenerated.
Abstract:
A process for sulfuric acid catalyzed alkylation involving the use of surfactants which form bi-continuous micro-emulsions with the sulfuric acid and the hydrocarbon is described. The bi-continuous phase facilitates and improves the sulfuric acid catalyzed alkylation reactions. The concentration of the surfactant is selected based on the type of olefin feed. Easy to alkylate feeds, such as 2-butene, use lower concentrations of surfactant, while feeds which are harder to alkylate, such as propene or isobutene, use higher concentrations of the surfactant. In addition, increasing the concentration of sulfuric acid when a surfactant is included resulted in higher calculated RON. The use of a surfactant and a high concentration of sulfuric acid can provide a calculated RON over 100 and close to theoretical yields.
Abstract:
A liquid phase selective oxidation process is described. The process involves the partial oxidation of alkanes to partially oxidized products. A lower alkane, a solvent, and a soluble metal catalyst are contacted in the presence of an oxidizing agent in a reaction zone under partial oxidation conditions to produce the partially oxidized products. The partially oxidized products include one or more of lower alkyl alcohols, lower alkyl ketones, and lower alkyl acetates. The soluble metal catalyst is a soluble metal salt of cobalt, manganese, chromium, titanium, copper, nickel, vanadium, iron, molybdenum, tin, cerium, zirconium, or combinations thereof, and the promoter comprises a bromine source, an imide source, or combinations thereof.