摘要:
Nonvolatile memory cells having a split gate structure and methods of fabricating the same are provided. The nonvolatile memory cells include active regions defined at a predetermined region of a semiconductor substrate. A portion of each of the active regions is etched to form a cell trench region. Insulated floating gates are disposed on a pair of sidewalls parallel with the direction that crosses the active region. A source region is disposed at a bottom surface of the cell trench region. A gap region between the floating gates is filled with a common source line electrically connected to the source region. The common source line is extended along the direction that crosses the active regions. The active regions, which are adjacent to the floating gates, are covered with word lines parallel with the common source line. Drain regions are disposed in the active regions adjacent to the word lines. The drain regions are electrically connected to bit lines that cross over the word lines.
摘要:
Embodiments of the invention include features in the semiconductor memory device that are configured to receive command signals from a memory controller and selectively output at least a portion of the received command signals back to the memory controller for verification. Embodiments of the invention also provide methods for verifying the proper communication of command signals from a memory controller to a semiconductor memory device. Embodiments of the invention also provide systems and methods for testing memory cells in a semiconductor memory device.
摘要:
A noise reduction device and method comprises: at least one sound pickup microphone module for picking up sound from a medium to generate a noise pickup signal; at least one speaker driver for transmitting, to the medium, a vibration corresponding to a noise cancellation signal generated on the basis of the noise pickup signal; and a controller for generating the noise cancellation signal on the basis of the noise pickup signal.
摘要:
A robotic surgical system includes a master manipulator, slave robotic units having a surgical instrument for performing a Minimal Invasive Surgery (MIS), and a control system for electrically associating the master manipulator with the slave robotic units. The slave robotic unit includes the driving mechanisms which are more compact than those of the conventional MIS system. In use, the existing surgical instruments used in the conventional MIS procedure can be applied to the slave robotic unit. Moreover, by using the pivotal mechanism of the driving mechanisms, a pivot point of the surgical instrument is allowed to be shifted with respect to an incision of a patient. So, the patient's tissues surrounding the surgical instrument are not excessively affected by the surgical instrument during the procedure.
摘要:
A method is provided for forming a titanium nitride layer in a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor. The deposition of a titanium nitride layer is carried out by means of an MOCVD method using a metallo-organic material as a source gas, followed by a rapid thermal process (RTP) at a high temperature. Through the RTP, impurities in the titanium nitride layer are removed and a surface area of the titanium nitride layer is increased in comparison with the titanium nitride layer before the RTP. The titanium nitride layer with increased surface area is useful for a lower electrode of a MIM capacitor.
摘要:
Endoscope manipulator for MIS can overcome disadvantages of multiaxial endoscope manipulator including conventional robot arm and provide compact and lightweight structure to obtain maximum activity space for medical staff. According to the endoscope manipulator for MIS, multi-joint arm is configured so that movement of all of the joints from base link to tip link is manually locked and unlocked by user and not controlled by motors. Additionally, endoscope mounted on an end of multi-joint arm is manipulated using motors to enable movement of three degrees of freedom, thereby accomplishing compact and lightweight endoscope manipulator. Additionally, tube of endoscope can be press-fitted onto tip part of multi-joint arm, and triaxial movement function for vertical, horizontal and forward/backward conveyance of endoscope is implemented in the tip part of multi-joint arm. Therefore, since external manual joints are not moved during operation, Disturbance or restriction to activities of medical staff can be minimized.
摘要:
Endoscope manipulator for MIS can overcome disadvantages of multiaxial endoscope manipulator including conventional robot arm and provide compact and lightweight structure to obtain maximum activity space for medical staff. According to the endoscope manipulator for MIS, multi-joint arm is configured so that movement of all of the joints from base link to tip link is manually locked and unlocked by user and not controlled by motors. Additionally, endoscope mounted on an end of multi-joint arm is manipulated using motors to enable movement of three degrees of freedom, thereby accomplishing compact and lightweight endoscope manipulator. Additionally, tube of endoscope can be press-fitted onto tip part of multi-joint arm, and triaxial movement function for vertical, horizontal and forward/backward conveyance of endoscope is implemented in the tip part of multi-joint arm. Therefore, since external manual joints are not moved during operation, Disturbance or restriction to activities of medical staff can be minimized.
摘要:
A robotic surgical system includes a master manipulator, slave robotic units having a surgical instrument for performing a Minimal Invasive Surgery (MIS), and a control system for electrically associating the master manipulator with the slave robotic units. The slave robotic unit includes the driving mechanisms which are more compact than those of the conventional MIS system. In use, the existing surgical instruments used in the conventional MIS procedure can be applied to the slave robotic unit. Moreover, by using the pivotal mechanism of the driving mechanisms, a pivot point of the surgical instrument is allowed to be shifted with respect to an incision of a patient. So, the patient's tissues surrounding the surgical instrument are not excessively affected by the surgical instrument during the procedure.
摘要:
Disclosed are a dust receptacle fixing/separating apparatus that fixes and separates a dust receptacle with respect to a cyclone unit, and a cyclone dust collecting device having the same. The dust receptacle fixing/separating apparatus comprises a fixing/separating handle, a locking/unlocking part, and a fixing part. The fixing/separating handle pivots between a first position and a second position, the first position in which the cyclone unit and the dust receptacle are fixed to each other and the second position in which the cyclone unit and the dust receptacle can be separated from each other. The locking/unlocking part fixes and releases the fixing/separating handle when the fixing/separating handle is in the first position. The fixing part pivotably mounting the fixing/separating handle releases connection between the cyclone unit and the dust receptacle when the fixing/separating handle is in the second position.
摘要:
A non-volatile memory device is disclosed in which a pair of two adjacent memory cell strings are commonly connected to one bit line and the memory cell strings are selectively driven to obtain a relatively wide pitch margin between two bit lines. The device has a conductive plate line which is located along each memory cell string or a pair of memory cell strings to drive memory cells thereof with a relatively low program voltage to a word line. The memory device comprises a plurality of memory cell strings which are arranged in parallel with one another and each of which extends in the same direction as a bit line 12, and a pair of two adjacent memory cell strings 11a and 11b are commonly connected to the bit line 12. The memory device also comprises a string selector for selecting either the first string 11a or the second string 11b in response to signals from string select lines SSL1 and SSL2, and a plurality of plate lines PLa or 21a and PLb or 21b which are respectively arranged on the first and second strings 11a and 11b. In the memory cell, if voltages having different levels are applied to the control gate of a memory cell of the string selected thus and the plate line, at least more than two coupling voltages are induced to a floating gate of a corresponding memory cell so that two bits of information can be stored in and read out of one memory cell. The memory device has a cell structure in which a pair of two adjacent memory cell strings are commonly connected to one bit line, so that margin width between two bit lines, i.e., a bit line pitch can be relatively widely obtained.