摘要:
In a numerical control grinding machine using a grinding wheel made of cubic boron nitride, a computerized numerical controller controls the infeed movement of a wheel head to effect a rough grinding, a drifty grinding and a fine grinding on a rotating cylindrical workpiece. The drifty grinding due to a spring-back motion which is caused by a flexed workpiece is initiated in response to a sizing signal from a sizing device which measures the workpiece diameter varying momentarily during the grinding operation and is terminated upon the expiration of a predetermined time which is sufficient to vanish the variation of the workpiece diameter. A sizing device measures the actual diameter thereafter, and the sizing signal is compensated in order to approximate the actual diameter to a desired set size which is the sum of a finish diameter and a predetermined allowance for the subsequent fine grinding operation, as the number of the workpieces increases. That is, the numerical controller diminishes a set size which determines the time point to issue the sizing signal from the sizing device, toward the desired set size on a step-by-step basis with the increase in number of the workpieces ground.
摘要:
An apparatus for truing the cylindrical outer peripheral grinding surface of a grinding wheel includes a truing head which is movable toward or away from the grinding wheel in a first direction which is parallel to the grinding surface and in a second direction which is perpendicular to the first direction. A truing wheel is rotatably supported on the truing head, has a truing surface and is movable with the truing head for truing the grinding surface. A contacting detection member is secured to the truing head, projects therefrom toward the grinding surface and has an end surface which can be brought into contact with the grinding surface. A device is provided for detecting the contact of the end surface of the detection member with the grinding surface and producing an output signal upon detecting their contact. Three feed control devices are provided to move the truing head in various directions. Detecting devices and memories are provided for detecting the position of the truing head and for controlling movement of the head.
摘要:
A truing apparatus includes a truing tool supported on a tool support movable radially and axially of a grinding wheel having a rounded corner and drivable by a feed drive unit coupled to the tool support to move along a predetermined path for truing the rounded corner of the grinding wheel. At least one contact member for contacting outer peripheral and end surfaces of the grinding wheel is mounted on the tool support, and a sensor is also mounted on the tool support for detecting a contact between the contact member and the grinding wheel. A feed control system controls the feed drive unit for moving the truing tool along the predetermined path. The feed control system controls the feed drive unit so that the contact member will move radially and axially of the grinding wheel until the sensor is actuated immediately after one truing process and immediately before a next truing process. A grinding wheel position detector detects radial and axial positions of the grinding wheel when the sensor is actuated immediately after the one truing process and immediately before the next truing process. A correcting unit corrects the predetermined path along which the truing tool is to move in the next truing process based on the positions of the grinding wheel detected by the grinding wheel position detector immediately after the one truing process and immediately before the next truing process.
摘要:
An apparatus for truing a grinding wheel includes a stylus movable in response to movement of a truer in synchronism therewith, and a template disposed in confronting relation to the stylus with a gap left therebetween. The truer is controlled in its motion by servomotors driven in response to a command issued from a numerical control unit. When the truer is caused by the numerical control unit to move out of control for some reasons, the stylus is brought into engagement with the template, thereby protecting the truer and a grinding wheel being trued thereby against damage which would otherwise result from such uncontrolled movement of the truer. When the truer is to be advanced for truing infeed against the grinding wheel, the stylus is disconnected by a clutch device from the truer, and only the truer is moved in the forward direction while maintaining a proper gap between the stylus and the template.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide nitrogen-containing metallic powder at high productivity, which powder contains a metal such as niobium or tantalum containing nitrogen uniformly, and enables production of an anode electrode that has high specific capacitance and low leakage current and that exhibits excellent reliability for a prolonged period of time. There is provided nitrogen-containing metallic powder which is a solid solution containing 50-20,000 ppm nitrogen, in which the metal that constitutes the metallic powder is niobium or tantalum. The nitrogen-containing metallic powder is produced through the process in which while a metallic compound is reduced with a reducing agent, a nitrogen-containing gas is introduced into a reaction system to thereby form metal, and nitrogen is simultaneously incorporated into metal. A porous sintered body comprising the nitrogen-containing metallic powder and a solid electrolytic capacitor comprising the powder have low leakage current and exhibit excellent reliability for a prolonged period of time.
摘要:
A niobium or tantalum powder of the present invention comprises aggregates in which primary particles of niobium or tantalum are aggregated, and have a pore distribution having a peak in the range from 1 to 20 μm as measured by mercury porosimetry. That is, the niobium or tantalum powder of the present invention comprises aggregates having large pores, which connect with vacancies between the primary particles and facilitate the permeation of an electrolyte over the entirety of the inside of each aggregate. Accordingly, a solid electrolytic capacitor comprising an anode electrode made of the niobium or tantalum powder has high capacity and also a low ESR.
摘要:
A nitrogen containing metal powder wicth a large specific surface area, and containing a suitable quantity of nitrogen dispersed uniformly within the metal is produced with good productivity, and provides a solid electrolytic capacitor with a high capacitance, minimal leakage current, and excellent long term reliability. This nitrogen containing metal powder has a ratio W/S between the nitrogen content W [ppm] of the powder, and the specific surface area S [m2/g], as measured by a BET method, that falls within a range from 500 to 3000. This type of powder can be produced by a process in which a metal salt containing the metal is reacted with a reducing agent and undergoes reduction within a diluent salt, thereby generating the metal, wherein a nitrogen containing gas is introduced into the space contacting the reaction melt comprising the metal salt, the reducing agent and the diluent salt, thereby generating the metal and incorporating the nitrogen within the metal.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for grinding a cylindrical surface of a workpiece by a traverse movement of a grinding wheel having a relatively narrow grinding surface. To improve the cylindricity of cylindrical surface, the traverse grinding is divided into a rough traverse grinding and a finish traverse grinding. In the rough traverse grinding, a traverse girding is carried out with a large depth of cut which would causes a deterioration of the cylindricity at one end of the cylindrical surface. In the finish traverse grinding, a traverse girding is carried out with a small depth of cut to improve the cylindricity. In another embodiment, one of grinding conditions such as the traverse speed of the grinding wheel, the rotational speed of the workpiece and the peripheral speed of the grinding wheel is changed when the grinding wheel approaches an end of the cylindrical surface at which the traverse grinding ends so as to make the grinding force constant, thereby improving the cylindricity of the cylindrical surface. In other embodiments, the position of the wheel head is compensated based upon the measured diameter of the cylindrical surface so that the entire area of the cylindrical surface has a desired diameter. This compensation also improves the cylindricity of the cylindrical surface.
摘要:
A grinding machine having an angular type grinding wheel and a dressing apparatus therefor. The grinding wheel is formed with first and second grinding surfaces usable for grinding a cylindrical surface and shoulder end surface of a workpiece, respectively, and first and second reference surfaces parallel to the first and second grinding surfaces, respectively. The positions of the first and second reference surfaces and the first and second grinding surfaces are detected with touch bars before each dressing operation so as to obtain a first distance between the first grinding surface and first reference surface, and a second distance between the second grinding surface and second reference surface. After that, a first dressing amount for dressing the first grinding surface and a second dressing amount for dressing the second grinding surface are so determined that the first distance and the second distance would have a predetermined constant relationship after dressing operation. The first grinding surface is then dressed by the first dressing amount, while the second grinding surface is dressed by the second dressing amount.
摘要:
Aluminum hydroxide having a particle size of 2 to 30 .mu.m and having small specific surface area and low resin filling viscosity can be prepared by using precipitated aluminum hydroxide composed of secondary agglomerated particles having a primary particle size almost equal to the desired average particle size of intended pulverized aluminum hydroxide as the starting material to be pulverized and pulverizing this starting aluminum hydroxide. This aluminum hydroxide has an average particle size of 2 to 30 .mu.m, a surface roughness coefficient Sr/Sc (in which Sr represents the specific surface area of particles measured by the nitrogen adsorption method and Sc represents the specific surface area calculated from the size of particles approximated to spheres while taking the particle size distribution of particles into consideration) smaller than 2.5 and a linseed oil absorption smaller than 30 cc/100 g as determined according to JIS K-5101.