Abstract:
Process and facility for treating an aqueous solution containing substantial concentrations of a variety of contaminants, including solids, semi-solids, colloids, complexes, oligomers, polyvalents, organics and monovalents, and which tend to form gels and scale precipitates when their concentration levels are increased during treatment of the aqueous solution, the process comprising the steps of: a) feeding the aqueous solution to an ultrafiltration (UF) plant and recovering therefrom an UF permeate reduced in such suspended solids, semi-solids and colloids; b) feeding the UF permeate obtained from step (a) to a nanofiltration (NF) plant and recovering therefrom an NF permeate reduced in such complexes, oligomers, polyvalents and organics; and feeding the NF permeate obtained from step (b) to a first reverse osmosis (RO) plant and recovering therefrom an RO permeate reduced in such monovalents. The process and facility may be used for treating process water from wet process phosphate acid production.
Abstract:
A control system for a combined power generation and metallurgical plant facility integrates generator-side and load-side control to provide coordinated operation of the two processes. The power generation facility includes one or more generator units and the metallurgical plant facility includes one or more controllable loads. Operating characteristics of the one or more loads are fed back to the one or generator units through a master controller to determine input control parameters for the one or more generator units. Similarly control signals and operating characteristics of the one or more generators are fed forward to the one or more loads through the master controller to determine input control parameters for the one or more loads. Using feed-forward as well as feed-back loops to exchange generator output and load set-point information, power balance between the generator units and controlled loads is maintained within an operating envelope.
Abstract:
A system, method and controller for managing and controlling a micro-grid network. The system includes a plurality of energy resources including at least one dispatchable energy resource and at least one intermittent energy resource, wherein the at least one of the energy resources is an energy storage element and at least one of the intermittent energy resources is responsive to environmental conditions to generate power, a controller configured to record operational constraints of the energy resources, obtain an environmental condition prediction and generate a component control signal based on the environmental condition prediction and the operational constraints corresponding to the energy resources. The controller is further configured to receive a network disturbance signal and generate a dynamic control signal based on such disturbances.
Abstract:
A membrane treatment plant having at least two stages (53), (69), (75) arranged serially is disclosed. Each stage (53), (69), (75) comprises at least four membrane units (55) arranged in parallel, with each membrane unit (55) having an inlet (57), a feed/concentrate outlet (59) and a permeate outlet (61). Each stage (53), (69), (75) has a common inlet header (51), (67), or (73) and a common outlet header (65), (71), or (77), with the common outlet header (65) (71) of an upstream stage connecting to has the common inlet header (67) (73) respectively of an immediately downstream stage. Each membrane unit (55) has an inlet flow control valve (93) connecting between its inlet (57) and the common inlet header of the stage in which it is located, and an outlet flow control valve (63) connecting between its outlet (59) and the common outlet header of the stage in which it is located. The inlet flow control valve (57) and outlet flow control valve (63) are operable to isolate the membrane unit (55) from its common inlet header and common outlet header to allow cleaning of said membrane unit to take place without disrupting operation of the remaining membrane treatment plant. A control system for the membrane treatment plant is also disclosed.
Abstract:
An apparatus for the removal and replacement of a lid on a metallurgical transport vessel such as a ladle or a torpedo car. The apparatus comprises a frame, means for supporting the frame such that the vessel may be moved into position thereunder, a linkage including at least one lifting member pivotally connected to the frame, and at least one actuator connected to the linkage. The actuator is operable to move the lifting member such that when the vessel is moved to a designated position below the apparatus, the lifting member can be moved by the actuator and linkage from a first position providing clearance above the vessel, through a curved path to an intermediate position where it engages the lid, providing a vertical lifting force and a horizontal hinge releasing force to the lid, and to a second position where the lid is raised to a sufficient height to clear the vessel. The lifting member may subsequently be moved back by means of the actuator and linkage through a reverse curved path to the first position, and thereby lower the lid back on to the vessel.
Abstract:
An apparatus is disclosed for reducing pressure and velocity of a particulate-laden, supersonic vent gas stream from a pressure vessel such as an autoclave. The apparatus includes a diverging duct in which the vent gas expands, and a perforated plate located inside the diverging duct. The perforated plate provides an area reduction that increases back pressure and forces an upstream normal shock in the diverging duct, thereby bringing about a desired reduction in pressure and velocity. The perforated plate is comprised of a material, such as a ceramic, that is resistant to erosion by the abrasive particulate entrained in the high velocity vent gas. The perforated plate has a central portion provided with holes and an imperforate peripheral portion which is resiliently received between connection flanges of the duct.
Abstract:
A system for controlling emissions of gas and dust during transfer of a hot feed material from a movable transfer container to a stationary feed bin of a furnace. The system includes an upper duct section which is associated with the movable transfer container, and a lower duct section associated with the feed bin. The lower duct section is attached to a main collection duct with a dust collection fan. The two duct sections are brought into close proximity with one another when the transfer container is brought into position for discharge to the feed bin, so as to form a continuous gas passage throughout the duct sections.
Abstract:
An apparatus for the removal and replacement of a lid on a metallurgical transport vessel such as a ladle or a torpedo car. The apparatus comprises a frame, means for supporting the frame such that the vessel may be moved into position thereunder, a linkage including at least one lifting member pivotally connected to the frame, and at least one actuator connected to the linkage. The actuator is operable to move the lifting member such that when the vessel is moved to a designated position below the apparatus, the lifting member can be moved by the actuator and linkage from a first position providing clearance above the vessel, through a curved path to an intermediate position where it engages the lid, providing a vertical lifting force and a horizontal hinge releasing force to the lid, and to a second position where the lid is raised to a sufficient height to clear the vessel. The lifting member may subsequently be moved back by means of the actuator and linkage through a reverse curved path to the first position, and thereby lower the lid back on to the vessel.
Abstract:
An apparatus is disclosed for reducing pressure and velocity of a particulate-laden, supersonic vent gas stream from a pressure vessel such as an autoclave. The apparatus includes a diverging duct in which the vent gas expands, and a perforated plate located inside the diverging duct. The perforated plate provides an area reduction that increases back pressure and forces an upstream normal shock in the diverging duct, thereby bringing about a desired reduction in pressure and velocity. The perforated plate is comprised of a material, such as a ceramic, that is resistant to erosion by the abrasive particulate entrained in the high velocity vent gas. The perforated plate has a central portion provided with holes and an imperforate peripheral portion which is resiliently received between connection flanges of the duct.
Abstract:
Some embodiments of the present invention provide systems, methods and apparatus for more accurately determining the thickness of a refractory lining included in an operating metallurgical furnace. Specifically, in some embodiments a transient propagated stress wave is used to determine the condition of a refractory lining, and additionally, provide a systematic way to include the affect that temperature has on the velocity of a compressive wave through a heated refractory material and/or accretions. As identified in aspects of the present invention, and contrary to the common understanding in the art, the velocity of a stress wave, at each frequency and in a refractory material, is not necessarily constant over a temperature range. In accordance with aspects of some specific embodiments of the invention, a scaling factor α can be calculated for each refractory material to adjust for the presumed velocity of the stress wave through each refractory material.