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公开(公告)号：US08658007B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-25
申请号：US11994806
申请日：2006-07-14
Applicant: Uday B. Pal
Inventor： Uday B. Pal
Abstract: An electrolysis system for generating a metal and molecular oxygen includes a container for receiving a metal oxide containing a metallic species to be extracted, a cathode positioned to contact a metal oxide housed within the container; an oxygen-ion-conducting membrane positioned to contact a metal oxide housed within the container; an anode in contact with the oxygen-ion-conducting membrane and spaced apart from a metal oxide housed within the container, said anode selected from the group consisting of liquid metal silver, oxygen stable electronic oxides, oxygen stable crucible cermets, and stabilized zirconia composites with oxygen stable electronic oxides.
Abstract translation: 用于产生金属和分子氧的电解系统包括用于接收含有要提取的金属物质的金属氧化物的容器，与容纳在容器内的金属氧化物接触的阴极; 定位成接触容纳在容器内的金属氧化物的氧离子传导膜; 与所述氧离子传导膜接触并与容纳在容器内的金属氧化物隔开的阳极，所述阳极选自液态金属银，氧稳定电子氧化物，氧稳定坩埚金属陶瓷和稳定的氧化锆复合材料 与氧稳定的电子氧化物。
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12.发明申请METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SELECTIVE CATION EXTRACTION BY ELECTROCHEMICAL TRANSFER IN SOLUTION AND APPLICATIONS OF SAID METHOD 有权通过电化学转移在选择性萃取中的方法和装置以及方法的应用公开(公告)号：US20100252442A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-07
申请号：US12666372
申请日：2008-06-25
Applicant: Clotilde Boulanger , Sakina Seghir , Nathalie Leclerc , Sebastien Diliberto , Jean-Marie Lecuire
Inventor： Clotilde Boulanger , Sakina Seghir , Nathalie Leclerc , Sebastien Diliberto , Jean-Marie Lecuire
CPC classification number: B01D61/00 , B01D61/422 , B01D71/02 , C02F1/4678 , C02F1/469 , C02F1/4693 , C02F2101/20 , C02F2201/46115 , C25C1/06 , C25C7/04 , Y02W10/37
Abstract: In order to carry out a selective extraction of cations (Mn+) by an electrochemical transfer in a solution from a first electrolyte (E1) to a second electrolyte (E2), the method includes using as an electrolyte separation wall a transfer wall (2) made of chalcogenide with molybdenum clusters (MonXn+2 or MxMonXn+2) and ensuring the cation transfer through the transfer wall by generating a potential difference (ΔE) between the electrode A1 in the first electrolyte (E1) and the electrode C2 in the second electrolyte (E1) or the transfer wall (2) in order to induce an interleaving of the cations in the transfer wall on the side of the first electrolyte, a scattering of the cations therein, and the de-interleaving thereof in the second electrolyte.
Abstract translation: 为了通过在从第一电解质（E1）到第二电解质（E2）的溶液中的电化学转移来进行阳离子（Mn +）的选择性提取，该方法包括使用转移壁（2）作为电解质隔离壁， 由具有钼簇（MonXn + 2或MxMonXn + 2）的硫族化物制成，并且通过在第一电解质（E1）中的电极A1和第一电解质（E1）中的电极C2之间产生电位差（＆Dgr; E）来确保阳离子通过转移壁的转移 第二电解质（E1）或转移壁（2），以便引起第一电解质侧上的转移壁中的阳离子的交错，其中阳离子的散射及其在第二电解质中的解交织 电解液
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公开(公告)号：US07628904B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-08
申请号：US10531650
申请日：2003-10-15
Applicant: Les Strezov , Ivan Ratchev , Steve Osborn , Sergey Alexander Bliznyukov
Inventor： Les Strezov , Ivan Ratchev , Steve Osborn , Sergey Alexander Bliznyukov
CPC classification number: C25C7/04 , C22B5/02 , C22B9/14 , C22B34/129 , C25C3/00 , C25C3/28 , C25C7/005
Abstract: An electrochemical cell for electrochemical reduction of a metal oxide in a solid state is disclosed. The cell includes a molten electrolyte (14), an anode (10) formed from carbon in contact with the electrolyte, a cathode (20) formed at least in part from the metal oxide in contact with the electrolyte, and a membrane (28) that is permeable to oxygen anions and is impermeable to carbon in ionic and non-ionic forms positioned between the cathode and the anode to thereby prevent migration of carbon from the anode to the cathode. The membrane includes a body (32) and a lining (34) on the surface of the body on the cathode side of the membrane. The lining is formed from a material that is inert with respect to dissolved metal in the electrolyte and is impermeable to the dissolved metal. An electrochemical method based on the cell is also disclosed.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于电化学还原固态金属氧化物的电化学电池。 电池包括熔融电解质（14），由与电解质接触的碳形成的阳极（10），至少部分地从与电解质接触的金属氧化物形成的阴极（20）和膜（28） 其对氧阴离子是可渗透的，并且对位于阴极和阳极之间的离子和非离子形式的碳是不可渗透的，从而防止碳从阳极迁移到阴极。 膜在膜的阴极侧的主体表面上包括主体（32）和衬里（34）。 衬里由对电解质中溶解的金属是惰性的材料形成，并且对于溶解的金属是不可渗透的。 还公开了一种基于电池的电化学方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20080110765A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-15
申请号：US11792954
申请日：2005-12-09
Applicant: Tadashi Ogasawara , Makoto Yamaguchi , Masahiko Hori , Toru Uenishi
Inventor： Tadashi Ogasawara , Makoto Yamaguchi , Masahiko Hori , Toru Uenishi
Abstract: A method for producing a metal by an electrolytic process using an yttria-containing porous ceramic body as a diaphragm is provided; the calcium formed by electrolysis cannot pass through the diaphragm, hence the back reaction can be effectively inhibited. Preferably, to be used is a diaphragm comprising a porous ceramic body having a purity of yttrium of 90 mass % or more (more preferably, 99% or more), a porosity of 1% or more and a pore diameter of 20 μm or less, and having a thickness of 0.05-50 mm and a metal halide is used as the electrolytic bath. The method can be utilized for producing metals such as calcium or rare earth elements, in particular. For example, when the method is applied to the production of calcium, metallic calcium can be produced with ease and at low cost without the need for enormous heat energy.
Abstract translation: 提供了使用含有氧化钇的多孔陶瓷体作为隔膜的电解法制造金属的方法。 通过电解形成的钙不能通过隔膜，因此可以有效地抑制背部反应。 优选使用的是具有钇的纯度为90质量％以上（更优选为99％以上），孔隙率为1％以上，孔径为20μm以下的多孔陶瓷体的隔膜 ，并且具有0.05-50mm的厚度，并且使用金属卤化物作为电解浴。 该方法特别可用于生产诸如钙或稀土元素的金属。 例如，当将该方法应用于钙的生产时，可以容易且低成本地生产金属钙，而不需要巨大的热能。
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公开(公告)号：US20070246368A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-25
申请号：US11575219
申请日：2005-09-12
Applicant: Günther Huber , Reinhard Ottl , Manfred Munzinger , Heinz Neumann , Martina Shulz , Matthias Stahl , Gerhard Ruf , Ralph Hamleser , Hans-Jurgen Bender , Volker Esswein
Inventor： Günther Huber , Reinhard Ottl , Manfred Munzinger , Heinz Neumann , Martina Shulz , Matthias Stahl , Gerhard Ruf , Ralph Hamleser , Hans-Jurgen Bender , Volker Esswein
IPC: H01M4/02
Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolysis cell for preparing liquid alkali metal from a liquid alkali metal-heavy metal alloy, which comprises a tube (1) which is arranged essentially horizontally and has a closure device (4) at each of the two ends of the tube (1), at least one solid electrolyte tube (12) arranged in the tube (1), which conducts alkali metal ions and is closed at one end and has an opening (11) at the other end, with the solid electrolyte tube (12) being arranged concentrically in the tube (1) and having the opening (11) facing one end of the tube (1) so that a first annular gap (13) for conducting the liquid alkali metal-heavy metal alloy which forms one anode is present between the inside of the tube (1) and the outside of the solid electrolyte tube (12), an interior space (14) in the solid electrolyte tube (12) for accommodating the liquid alkali metal which can be utilized as cathode, where the closure device (4) comprises an alkali metal-heavy metal alloy inlet (8) or outlet (9) opening into the first annular gap (13), a holder for the solid electrolyte tube (12), an alkali metal outlet (15) connected to the interior space (14) of the solid electrolyte tube (12) and a sealing system for sealing the interior space (14) of the solid electrolyte tube (12) and the alkali metal outlet (15) off from the first annular gap (13), the alkali metal-heavy metal alloy inlet (8) or outlet (9) and from the surroundings of the electrolysis cell.
Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于从液态碱金属 - 重金属合金制备液态碱金属的电解槽，该电解槽包括基本上水平布置的管（1），并在其两端的每一端具有闭合装置（4） 管（1），设置在管（1）中的至少一个固体电解质管（12），其传导碱金属离子并且在一端封闭并且在另一端具有开口（11），与固体电解质管 （12）同心地布置在所述管（1）中，并且所述开口（11）面向所述管（1）的一端，使得用于导入液态碱金属 - 重金属合金的第一环形间隙（13）形成一个 阳极存在于管（1）的内部和固体电解质管（12）的外部之间，固体电解质管（12）中的内部空间（14）用于容纳可用作阴极的液态碱金属 ，其中封闭装置（4）包括碱 通入第一环形间隙（13）的金属重金属合金入口（8）或出口（9），固体电解质管（12）的保持器，连接到内部空间（14）的碱金属出口（15） 的固体电解质管（12）和用于密封固体电解质管（12）的内部空间（14）和碱金属出口（15）的第一环形间隙（13）的密封系统， 重金属合金入口（8）或出口（9）和电解池周围。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US20060180462A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-17
申请号：US10531650
申请日：2003-10-15
Applicant: Les Strezov , Ivan Ratchev , Steve Osborn , Sergey Bliznyukov
Inventor： Les Strezov , Ivan Ratchev , Steve Osborn , Sergey Bliznyukov
IPC: C25C3/00
CPC classification number: C25C7/04 , C22B5/02 , C22B9/14 , C22B34/129 , C25C3/00 , C25C3/28 , C25C7/005
Abstract: An electrochemical cell for electrochemical reduction of a metal oxide in a solid state is disclosed. The cell includes a molten electrolyte (14), an anode (10) formed from carbon in contact with the electrolyte, a cathode (20) formed at least in part from the metal oxide in contact with the electrolyte, and a membrane (28) that is permeable to oxygen anions and is impermeable to carbon in ionic and non-ionic forms positioned between the cathode and the anode to thereby prevent migration of carbon from the anode to the cathode. The membrane includes a body (32) and a lining (34) on the surface of the body on the cathode side of the membrane. The lining is formed from a material that is inert with respect to dissolved metal in the electrolyte and is impermeable to the dissolved metal. An electrochemical method based on the cell is also disclosed.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于电化学还原固态金属氧化物的电化学电池。 电池包括熔融电解质（14），由与电解质接触的碳形成的阳极（10），至少部分地从与电解质接触的金属氧化物形成的阴极（20）和膜（28） 其对氧阴离子是可渗透的，并且对位于阴极和阳极之间的离子和非离子形式的碳是不可渗透的，从而防止碳从阳极迁移到阴极。 膜在膜的阴极侧的主体表面上包括主体（32）和衬里（34）。 衬里由对电解质中溶解的金属是惰性的材料形成，并且对于溶解的金属是不可渗透的。 还公开了一种基于电池的电化学方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5089094A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-18
申请号：US493733
申请日：1990-03-15
Applicant: Tadashi Ogasawara , Yoshitake Natsume , Kenji Fujita
Inventor： Tadashi Ogasawara , Yoshitake Natsume , Kenji Fujita
Abstract: In a process for the electrolytic production of magnesium by the molten salt electrolysis of magnesium chloride using a molten salt cell bath comprised mainly of one or more salts selected from alkali metal chlorides and alkaline earth metal chlorides, the molten salt bath is enriched with magnesium chloride by suspending a magnesium oxide and/or magnesium carbonate powder to form a molten suspension and passing a chlorine-containing gas through the molten suspension at a temperature of 600.degree.-900.degree. C. so as to react the suspended powder with chlorine to form magnesium chloride. The resulting molten salt enriched with magnesium chloride can be directly introduced into the cell for electrolysis, thereby eliminating moisture absorption by the highly hygroscopic magnesium chloride. A pure magnesium can be produced with a high yield and improved current efficiency.
Abstract translation: 在使用主要由选自碱金属氯化物和碱土金属氯化物中的一种或多种盐组成的熔融盐池电解液通过熔融盐电解氯化镁进行电解生产镁的方法中，熔融盐浴富含氯化镁 通过使氧化镁和/或碳酸镁粉末悬浮以形成熔融悬浮液并使含氯气体在600-900℃的温度下通过熔融悬浮液，以使悬浮的粉末与氯反应形成镁 氯化物。 所得到的富含氯化镁的熔盐可以直接引入电解槽中进行电解，从而消除高吸湿性氯化镁的吸湿。 可以以高产率和改善的电流效率生产纯镁。
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18.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4678548A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-07
申请号：US887637
申请日：1986-07-21
Applicant: Melvin H. Brown
Inventor： Melvin H. Brown
Abstract: This invention includes apparatus and method for providing a support mechanism for electrode assemblies including positioning means of electrically nonconductive material having an inside surface forming an internal cavity, means for passing a heat transfer fluid through the cavity along the inside surface, and wire or fiber in the path of the fluid. The wire or fiber is positioned essentially normal to the flow of the fluid and is positioned to provide a substantially unobstructed line of sight between the wire or fiber and the inside surface, the wire or fiber having a high radiative absorptance and emittance.
Abstract translation: 本发明包括用于提供用于电极组件的支撑机构的装置和方法，该装置和方法包括具有形成内腔的内表面的非导电材料的定位装置，用于使传热流体沿内表面通过腔的装置，以及将导线或纤维 流体的路径。 线或纤维基本上垂直于流体的流动定位，并且被定位成在线或纤维与内表面之间提供基本上无阻碍的视线，该线或纤维具有高辐射吸收率和发射率。
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公开(公告)号：US4089770A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-16
申请号：US814432
申请日：1977-07-11
Applicant: Charles H. Lemke
Inventor： Charles H. Lemke
Abstract: An electrolytic cell for the electrochemical separation of selected metals from electrodissociatable compounds thereof in the molten state utilizing as electrode separator a plurality of solid electrolyte tubes which, under the influence of an electrical potential, are permeable to the flow of selected cations, but impermeable to fluids and the flow of anions and other cations.
Abstract translation: 一种用于电化学分离所选择的金属的电解电解液，其利用电极分离器在熔融状态下从其可电解的化合物中电化学分离，所述多个固体电解质管在电势的影响下对所选择的阳离子的流动是可渗透的，但不可渗透 流体和阴离子和其他阳离子的流动。
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公开(公告)号：US3488271A
公开(公告)日：1970-01-06
申请号：US3488271D
申请日：1966-12-02
Applicant: FORD MOTOR CO
Inventor： KUMMER JOSEPH T , WEBER NEILL
IPC: C04B35/113 , C25C7/04 , C22D3/00 , B01D13/02 , B01K1/00
CPC classification number: C25C7/04 , C04B35/113 , Y10S65/04
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