公开(公告)号：US20240344891A1

公开(公告)日：2024-10-17

申请号：US18393142

申请日：2023-12-21

Applicant: The Regents of the University of California

Inventor： Kaikai Liu ,  Jiawei Wang ,  Andrei Isichenko ,  Nitesh Chauhan ,  Daniel J. Blumenthal

IPC: G01J9/02 ,  G02F1/21 ,  G02F1/225

CPC classification number: G01J9/02 ,  G02F1/212 ,  G02F1/225 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01J2009/0288 ,  G02F2203/15

Abstract: A device may include a first waveguide with an optical input at a first port. A device may include a second waveguide. A device may include a first coupler that optically couples the first waveguide to the second waveguide at a first position. A device may include a waveguide delay arm. A device may include a second coupler that optically couples the first waveguide to the second waveguide at a second position, the second position different from the first position.

公开(公告)号：US20030025912A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-06

申请号：US10266574

申请日：2002-10-09

Inventor： Rongqing Hui ,  Maurice S. O'Sullivan

IPC: G01B009/02

CPC classification number: H04J14/02 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01J2009/0253 ,  H04B10/0795 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0276

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for monitoring optical signals with an expanded frequency resolution. The invention permits high-resolution measurements of optical signal spectrums while retaining wide bandwidth operation through appropriate control circuitry. An interferometer having a periodic frequency response formed of equally spaced narrow-band peaks is used to sweep the entire signal spectrum. The interferometer frequency response is incrementally tuned in cycles so that each of its frequency response peaks cyclically scans a particular spectral band of the signal spectrum. During each cycle, the interferometer isolates multiple spectrally resolved portions of the optical signal spectrum where each portion originates from a different spectral band. In this way, a high-resolution measurement of the entire signal spectrum can be obtained. The invention may be network protocol independent and can be incorporated into an optical spectrum analyzer or directly into any optical terminal. The invention can be used for signal spectrum monitoring applications including link quality monitoring (LQM) in optical communications networks to monitor various transmission parameters such as such as carrier wavelengths, optical signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), amplified spontaneous emissions (ASE), noise levels, optical non-linearities or other signal baseband information such as data rates and formats.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种用于以扩大的频率分辨率监测光信号的方法和装置。 本发明允许光信号频谱的高分辨率测量，同时通过适当的控制电路保持宽带宽操作。 使用具有由等间隔的窄带峰值形成的周期性频率响应的干涉仪来扫描整个信号频谱。 干涉仪频率响应以周期递增调谐，使得其每个频率响应峰值对信号频谱的特定谱带进行循环扫描。 在每个周期期间，干涉仪隔离光信号频谱的多个光谱解析部分，其中每个部分来自不同的光谱带。 以这种方式，可以获得整个信号频谱的高分辨率测量。 本发明可以是与网络协议无关的，并且可以并入到光谱分析仪中或直接并入任何光学终端。 本发明可用于信号频谱监测应用，包括光通信网络中的链路质量监测（LQM），以监测各种传输参数，例如载波波长，光信噪比（SNR），放大自发辐射（ASE） ，噪声电平，光学非线性或其他信号基带信息，如数据速率和格式。

公开(公告)号：US5377008A

公开(公告)日：1994-12-27

申请号：US862494

申请日：1992-04-02

Applicant: Richard W. Ridgway ,  Anthony A. Boiarski ,  Van E. Wood ,  James R. Busch

Inventor： Richard W. Ridgway ,  Anthony A. Boiarski ,  Van E. Wood ,  James R. Busch

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N33/543 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N33/54373 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01N2021/1751 ,  G01N21/648 ,  G01N2201/0245 ,  G01N2201/0873 ,  G02B2006/12097 ,  G02B2006/12138 ,  G02B2006/12159

Abstract: An apparatus useful in immunoassay of a fluid, light is directed to an optical sensor wherein the light is transmitted to a replaceable optical device that is responsive to index of refraction in a sensing region thereof that is exposed to the fluid. One portion of the light is transmitted via a compensation path that includes the sensing region to a first detector. Another portion of the light is transmitted via a sensing path that includes the sensing region to another detector. In one embodiment a ratioing device receives an output from each detector and provides a signal responsive to the ratio of the outputs. The replaceable optical device typically comprises a pair of channel waveguides in directional coupling arrangement, or a pair of channel waveguides in an interferometer arrangement, or a ridge waveguide having a curved or serpentine path configured so that nonspecific sensing effects are compensated.

Abstract translation: 一种用于对流体进行免疫测定的装置，光被引导到光学传感器，其中光被传送到可在其暴露于流体的感测区域中的折射率的可更换光学装置。 光的一部分经由包括感测区域的补偿路径传送到第一检测器。 光的另一部分经由包括感测区域的感测路径传输到另一个检测器。 在一个实施例中，比例设备接收每个检测器的输出，并且响应于输出的比率提供信号。 可替换的光学器件通常包括一对定向耦合布置中的一个通道波导，或一个干涉仪布置中的一对通道波导，或者具有曲线或蛇形路径的脊波导，其配置为使得非特定的感测效果得到补偿。

公开(公告)号：US5298755A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-29

申请号：US11635

申请日：1993-02-01

Applicant: Craig R. Wuest ,  Mark E. Lowry

Inventor： Craig R. Wuest ,  Mark E. Lowry

IPC: G01J9/02 ,  G01N21/45 ,  H05H1/00 ,  G01T1/185

CPC classification number: H05H1/0031 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01J2009/023

Abstract: An optical ionization detector wherein a beam of light is split so that one arm passes through a fiber optics and the other arm passes through a gas-filled region, and uses interferometry to detect density changes in a gas when charged particles pass through it. The gas-filled region of the detector is subjected to a high electric field and as a charged particle traverses this gas region electrons are freed from the cathode and accelerated so as to generate an electron avalanche which is collected on the anode. The gas density is effected by the electron avalanche formation and if the index or refraction is proportional to the gas density the index will change accordingly. The detector uses this index change by modulating the one arm of the split light beam passing through the gas, with respect to the other arm that is passed through the fiber optic. Upon recombining of the beams, interference fringe changes as a function of the index change indicates the passage of charged particles through the gaseous medium.

Abstract translation: 一种光电离检测器，其中光束被分裂，使得一个臂通过光纤并且另一个臂通过气体填充区域，并且当带电粒子穿过其中时，使用干涉测量来检测气体中的密度变化。 检测器的气体填充区域经受高电场，并且随着带电粒子横穿该气体区域，电子从阴极中脱离并加速，从而产生电子雪崩，该电子雪崩被收集在阳极上。 气体密度由电子雪崩形成影响，如果折射率或折射率与气体密度成比例，则指数将相应地变化。 检测器通过调制通过气体的分束光束的一个臂相对于穿过光纤的另一个臂来使用该折射率变化。 在光束重新组合时，作为指标变化的函数的干涉条纹变化表示带电粒子通过气态介质。

公开(公告)号：US5262842A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-16

申请号：US780867

申请日：1991-10-18

Applicant: Gunter Gauglitz ,  Jan Ingenhoff ,  Norbert Fabricius

Inventor： Gunter Gauglitz ,  Jan Ingenhoff ,  Norbert Fabricius

IPC: G01J9/02 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01N2021/7779

Abstract: A sensor for detecting substances including hydrocarbons includes an integrated optical interferometer in the form of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer having a measuring arm and a comparison arm in a wave guide substrate. A polymer such as polysiloxane is applied as a superstrate to the wave guide in the region of the measuring arm. This superstrate can be penetrated by the substance to be detected. Swelling response, gas absorption, refractive index of the polymer and doping with chromophores or fluorophores, layer thickness and layer length are all parameters which can be adapted for a substance-selective performance. Other means of selection include various superstrates on a number of interferometers mounted parallel on a chip and polychrome measurements in combination with methods of pattern recognition constitute further means of selection.

Abstract translation: 用于检测包括烃的物质的传感器包括：马赫 - 曾德尔干涉仪形式的集成光学干涉仪，其具有测量臂和波导衬底中的比较臂。 聚合物如聚硅氧烷作为测量臂的区域中的波导被施加到波导管。 该覆盖物可被被检测物质穿透。 聚合物的溶胀响应，气体吸收，折射率和发色团或荧光团的掺杂，层厚度和层长度都是可以适应物质选择性能的参数。 其他选择方式包括在平行于芯片上安装的多个干涉仪上的各种覆盖层，以及与图案识别方法相结合的多色测量构成进一步的选择手段。

公开(公告)号：US5173747A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-22

申请号：US585438

申请日：1990-09-20

Applicant: Anthony A. Boiarski ,  Richard W. Ridgway

Inventor： Anthony A. Boiarski ,  Richard W. Ridgway

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N33/543 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/122

CPC classification number: G01N21/45 ,  G01N21/7703 ,  G01N33/54373 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01N2021/1751 ,  G01N21/648 ,  G01N2201/0245 ,  G01N2201/0873 ,  G02B2006/12097 ,  G02B2006/12138 ,  G02B2006/12159

Abstract: In apparatus useful in immunoassay of a fluid, light is directed to an optical sensor wherein the light is transmitted to a replaceable optical device that is responsive to index of refraction in a sensing region thereof that is exposed to the fluid. One portion of the light is transmitted via a reference path to a first detector. Another portion of the light is transmitted via a sensing path that includes the sensing region to another detector. A ratioing device receives an output from each detector and provides a signal responsive to the ratio of the outputs. The replaceable optical device typically comprises a pair of channel waveguides in directional coupling arrangement, or a pair of channel waveguides in an interferometer arrangement, or a ridge waveguide having a serpentine path.

Abstract translation: 在用于免疫测定流体的装置中，光被引导到光学传感器，其中光被传送到可替换的光学装置，该装置响应于暴露于流体的感测区域中的折射率。 光的一部分经由参考路径被传送到第一检测器。 光的另一部分经由包括感测区域的感测路径传输到另一个检测器。 比较装置接收每个检测器的输出，并提供响应输出比的信号。 可更换光学器件通常包括一对定向耦合布置中的通道波导，或干涉仪布置中的一对通道波导或具有蛇形路径的脊波导。

公开(公告)号：US5027854A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-02

申请号：US549297

申请日：1990-06-15

Applicant: Francis S. Genbauffe

Inventor： Francis S. Genbauffe

IPC: F16K5/02 ,  F16K5/10 ,  G01J9/02

CPC classification number: F16K5/10 ,  F16K5/0207 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  Y10T137/87386

Abstract: A fuel control device, system using the device and method of making the same are provided, the device comprising a housing having a passage therethrough for interconnecting a fuel source with a main burner, a throttle valve unit disposed in the passage for throttling fuel flow through the passage to the burner, and a selector operatively interconnected to the throttle valve unit to operate the same, the throttle valve unit comprising a pair of members one of which is substantially stationary and the other of which is rotatable relative to the one member, the one member having a face and having an aperture interrupting the face thereof and passing therethrough, the other member having a face disposed in sliding engagement with the face of the one member for controlling the effective opening of the aperture for fuel flow therethrough, the selector being operatively interconnected to the other member to rotate the same relative to the one member and thereby control the flow of fuel through the passage, the other member having an opening interrupting the face thereof and being adapted to overlap the aperture in various positions therewith for controlling fuel flow therethrough, the other member comprising a plug valve member.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种燃料控制装置，使用该装置的系统及其制造方法，该装置包括具有通过其的用于使燃料源与主燃烧器相互连通的壳体的壳体，设置在该通道中用于节流燃料流过的节流阀单元 通向燃烧器的通道，以及可操作地连接到节流阀单元以操作其的选择器，节流阀单元包括一对构件，其中一个构件基本上是静止的，而另一个构件可相对于一个构件旋转， 一个构件具有一个面并且具有遮断其表面并穿过其中的孔，另一个构件具有与该构件的表面滑动接合的面，用于控制用于燃料流过的孔的有效打开，选择器为 可操作地互连到另一个构件以使其相对于一个构件旋转，从而控制通过燃料的流动 h通道，另一个构件具有打开其表面的开口，并且适于与其中的各个位置重叠孔，用于控制燃料流过其中，另一构件包括旋塞阀构件。

公开(公告)号：US08953169B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-10

申请号：US13882800

申请日：2011-11-02

Applicant: Herve Lefevre ,  Cedric Molucon ,  Jean-Jacques Bonnefois ,  Karl Aubry

Inventor： Herve Lefevre ,  Cedric Molucon ,  Jean-Jacques Bonnefois ,  Karl Aubry

IPC: G01B9/02 ,  G01J9/02

CPC classification number: G01B9/02055 ,  G01J9/0246 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01J2009/0261 ,  G01J2009/0288

Abstract: An interferometric system includes a polarization separation element (10), a first polarization conversion element (11), a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (2) including a first (4) and second (5) arms connected to one another by a first (6) and second (7) ends in order for a first and second beams (20, 21) having the same polarization to pass through the interferometer in a reciprocal manner in opposite directions of propagation, respectively, so as to form a first and second interferometric beam (22, 23), a second polarization conversion element (11) for obtaining an interferometric beam (24), the polarization of which is converted, a polarization-combining element (10), and a detection element (8) suitable for detecting an output beam (25).

Abstract translation: 干涉测量系统包括偏振分离元件（10），第一偏振转换元件（11），马赫曾德尔干涉仪（2），其包括通过第一（6）和第二（6）彼此连接的第一（4）和第二（5） ）和第二（7）端部，以使具有相同偏振的第一和第二光束（20,21）分别以相反的传播方向以相互的方式穿过干涉仪，以便形成第一和第二干涉仪 光束（22,23），用于获得其偏振变换的干涉光束（24）的第二偏振转换元件（11），偏振组合元件（10）和适于检测的检测元件（8） 输出光束（25）。

公开(公告)号：US07697797B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-13

申请号：US12237744

申请日：2008-09-25

Applicant: Ken K Chin ,  Guanhua Feng ,  Ivan Padron ,  Harry Roman

Inventor： Ken K Chin ,  Guanhua Feng ,  Ivan Padron ,  Harry Roman

IPC: G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/38 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J9/02 ,  G01H9/004 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01L9/0079

Abstract: The present invention is a diaphragm-fiber optic sensor (DFOS), interferometric sensor. This DFOS is based on the principles of Fabry-Perot and Michelson/Mach-Zehnder. The sensor is low cost and is designed with high efficiency, reliability, and Q-point stability, fabricated using MEMS (micro mechanic-electrical system) technology, and has demonstrated excellent performance. A DFOS according to the invention includes a cavity between two surfaces: a diaphragm made of silicon or other material with a rigid body (or boss) at the center and clamped along its edge, and the endface of a single mode optic fiber. By utilizing MEMS technology, the gap width between the diaphragm and the fiber endface is made accurately, ranging from 1 micron to 10 microns. To stabilize the Q-point of the DFOS when in use as an acoustic sensor, a system of microchannels is built in the structure of the diaphragm so that the pressure difference on two sides of the diaphragm is kept a constant, independent of the hydraulic pressure and/or low frequency noise when the device is inserted in liquid mediums.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种隔膜光纤传感器（DFOS），干涉式传感器。 该DFOS基于法布里 - 珀罗和迈克尔逊/马赫 - 曾德的原理。 传感器成本低，采用MEMS（微机电系统）技术制造，具有高效率，可靠性和Q点稳定性设计，并表现出优异的性能。 根据本发明的DFOS包括两个表面之间的空腔：由硅或其它材料制成的隔膜，其中心处具有刚性体（或凸起）并沿着其边缘夹持，并且单模光纤的端面。 通过利用MEMS技术，隔膜和光纤端面之间的间隙宽度精确地制成，范围从1微米到10微米。 为了在用作声学传感器时稳定DFOS的Q点，在隔膜的结构中建立了微通道系统，使隔膜两侧的压差保持恒定，与液压无关 和/或当设备插入液体介质时的低频噪声。

公开(公告)号：US07324207B1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-29

申请号：US11112245

申请日：2005-04-22

Applicant: Sean Kirkpatrick ,  Ali A. Said ,  Mark Allen Dugan ,  Thomas Sosnowski ,  Philippe Bado

Inventor： Sean Kirkpatrick ,  Ali A. Said ,  Mark Allen Dugan ,  Thomas Sosnowski ,  Philippe Bado

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J11/00 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01J2009/0234

Abstract: An optical device is useful for analyzing an optical signal pulse to determine information related to the pulse, such as information related to its temporal coherence length. The optical device generally includes a plurality of interferometric devices to generate one or more respective interference patterns from the optical signal pulse, and a plurality of detectors associated with each respective interferometric device to receive the one or more respective interference patterns. At least one of the plurality of interferometric devices is disposed in a glass substrate. The optical device may be integrated in an optical correlation system having an analyzer coupled to the plurality of detectors to determine the temporal coherence length or other pulse-related information for the optical signal pulse based on the received interference patterns.

Abstract translation: 光学装置用于分析光信号脉冲以确定与脉冲相关的信息，例如与其时间相干长度相关的信息。 光学装置通常包括多个干涉装置以从光信号脉冲产生一个或多个相应的干涉图案，以及与每个相应的干涉仪装置相关联的多个检测器，以接收一个或多个相应的干涉图案。 多个干涉仪中的至少一个设置在玻璃基板中。 光学装置可以集成在具有耦合到多个检测器的分析器的光学相关系统中，以基于所接收的干涉图案来确定用于光信号脉冲的时间相干长度或其它脉冲相关信息。