Abstract:
Porous catalyst bodies are produced from a thermally stable inorganic carrier material by introducing a suspension of the said carrier material into a liquid immiscible with the suspension medium and heated above the boiling point of the said medium. After evaporation of the suspension medium to an essential extent, the porous catalyst bodies formed are separated from the liquid and subsequently heated to an elevated temperature to improve the strength caracteristics thereof.
Abstract:
THE PRESENT INVENTION CONCERNS A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION LOF A FERROMAGNETIC MATERIAL WHICH IS PRECIPITATED IN A FINELY DIVIDED FORM ONTO A CARRIER MATERIAL SUSPENDED IN A SOLUTION CONTAINING THE ELEMENTS TO BE PERCIPITATED. THE CARRIER MATERIAL IS GENERATED IN THE LIQUID IN WHICH THE PRECIPATION OF THE FERROMAGNEITC IN THE MATERIAL WILL BE CARRIED OUT, BY INJECTING A DISSOLVED COMPOUND OF THE CARRIER MATERIAL TO BE FORMED ONTO THE AGITATED LIQUID IN WHICH THE CARRIER MATERIAL IS PRACTICALLY INSLOLUBLE. AN ALKALINE SOLUTION OF SILICA IS INJECTED INTO LIQUID, WHOSE PH VALUE IS LOWER THAN 7, AN ACIDIC SOLUTION OF METAL ION FROM WHICH THE CARRIER MATERIAL MUST BE BUILT UP IS INJECTED INTO THE LIQUID, WHOSE PH VALUE RANGES BETWEEN 4 AND 7, OR A SOLUTION OF THE ELEMENTS FROM WHICH THE CARRIER MATERIAL MUST BE BUILT UP IS INJECTED IN A READILY HYDROLYSABLE FORM IN A WATER-MISCIBLE SOLVENT, INTO WATER AS THE LIQUID. THE METAL IONS USED ARE IONS OF ALUMINIIUM, TITANIUM, TIN OR THORIUM, OR MIXTURES THEREOF, OR USED IS MADE OF HYDROLYSABLE CHLORIDES SUCH AS SICL4, ALCL3, TICL4, SBCL3 RO SNCL4, OR MIXTURES THEREOF, DISSOLVED IN METHYL ALCOHOL, ETHYL ALCOHOL OR ACETONE AND HYDROYSABLE ESTERS OF INORGANIC ACIDS AND ALCOHOLS, SUCH AS AL(OC2H5)3, SB(I-C2H7O)3, DISSOLVED IN METHYL ALCOHOL, ETHYL ALCOHOL OR ACETONE.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR THE ANIONIC POLYMERIZATION OF LACTAMS IS DISCLOSED, WHEREIN THE LACTAMS ARE POLYMERIZED IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST AND A PROMOTER, WITH THE PROMOTER BEING DI-$-CAPROLACTIM-ETHER-DIHYDROCHLORIDE OR DI-$-CAPROLACTIM-EITHER-MONOHYDROCHLORIDE, WHICH LATTER COMPOUND MAY CONTAIN UP TO 90 MOLE PERCENT OF DI-$-CAPROLACTIM-EITHER. THE PROMOTERS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION ALLOW THE POLYMERIZATION TIME TO BE REDUCED. THE POLYMERIZATION OF LACTAMS PRODUCES USEFUL POLYAMIDES.
Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR PREPARING ETHYLENE POLYMERS BY PASSING ETHYLENE THROUGH A REACTOR UNDER POLYMERIZATION CONDITIONS IS DISCLOSED, WHEREIN PERIODICALLY THE POLYMERIZATION IS REDUCED OR INTERRUPTED, WHILE PASSSAGE OF ETHYLENE GAS THROUGH THE REACTOR IS MAINTAINED, WHEREBY POLYETHYLENE DEPOSITED ON THE REACTOR WALLS IS DISSOLVED. HIGHER ETHYLENE CONVERSION IS OBTAINED AND THE RISK OF AN EXPLOSIVE DECOMPOSITION OF ETHYLENE IS REDUCED.
Abstract:
There is disclosed a continuous process for preparing cyclohexanone oxime by reacting cyclohexanone with a solution of a hydroxylammonium salt derived from a weak acid, e.g. phosphoric acid. The reaction takes place in counterflow contact, and in the presence of a water-immiscible or poorly water-miscible organic solvent for the oxime formed. An improved process for accomplishing separation of the resulting oxime from the solvent by rectification and apparatus suited for realizing this process.
Abstract:
A PROCESS IS DISCLOSED FOR THE SEPARATION AND RECOVERY OF MELAMINE FROM GASEOUS MIXTURES OF MELAMINE, AMMONIA AND CARBON DIOXIDE OBTAINED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MELAMINE FROM UREA AND UNDER SUPERATMOPHERIC PRESSURE. THE PROCESS INVOLVES FEEDING A DILUTE SUSPENSION OF MELAMINE CRYSTALS IN A SOLUTION SATURATED WITH AMMONIUM AND CARBON DIOXIDE INTO AT LEAST ONE HYDROCYCLONE AND OBTAINING BY SEPARATION THEREIN (A) A CONCENTRATED AQUEOUS MELAMINE SOLUTION AND (B) A DILUTE MELAMINE SOLUTION; AND RECIRCULATING THIS DILUTE MELAMINE SOLUTION CONTAINING MOST OF THE AMMONIA AND CARBON DIOXIDE COMPONENTS OF THE AFORESAID GASEOUS MIXTURE, TO THE INITIAL COOLING ZONE WHEREIN MELAMINE CRYSTALS ARE FIRST OBTAINED IN THE FORM OF A SUSPENSION IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINING AMMONIA AND CARBON DIOXIDE.
Abstract:
An apparatus is disclosed for measuring the damping of vibrations in visco-elastic materials, such as nonvulcanized, slightly cross-linked rubbers, the apparatus having a moveable arm in communication with the elastic material and carrying a scale attached thereto, the scale having a set of logarithmic graduations in which the interval between each two successive graduation marks is directly proportional to the distance to the zero point. The apparatus is also provided with a counting means for determining the decrease in the number of graduation marks passed in successive vibration periods.
Abstract:
COPOLYMERS HAVING IMPROVED DYEING CHARACTERISTICS ARE PREPARED BY COPOLYMERIZING ACRYLONITRILE WITH THE A-METHYLENE GLUTARIC ACID, ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH THE MONOHYDROCARBYL ESTER THEREOF OR WITH THE ESTER ALONE IN SUCH AMOUNTS THAT THE RESULTING COPOLYMER COMPRISES 0.1-10 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF SAID ACID OR ESTER, OR COMBINATION THEREOF, AND AT LEAST 35 PERCENT BY WEIGHT ACRYLONITRILE.
Abstract:
Apparatus for discharging liquid fertilizer in the form of large drops, includes a catch vessel having in its sectoral channels bottom a plurality of drain openings through which liquid fertilizer delivered thereto from a liquid fertilizer distributor flows under gravity through drip tubes connected to the drain openings onto the ground. The distributor located centrally above the bottom of the catch vessel can be a vortex chamber or a combination of feed pipe and target plate.