公开(公告)号：US4941440A

公开(公告)日：1990-07-17

申请号：US391647

申请日：1989-08-07

Applicant: Robert L. Weber ,  Kenneth R. Kamman ,  Benny Ballheimer ,  Stephen G. Shoup

Inventor： Robert L. Weber ,  Kenneth R. Kamman ,  Benny Ballheimer ,  Stephen G. Shoup

IPC: F01P3/08 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B23/06 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/22

CPC classification number: F02F3/22 ,  F02B23/0696 ,  F02F3/0069 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02F2003/0061 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0433 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  Y02T10/125

Abstract: Present day diesel engines having aluminum piston assemblies are limited to combustion chamber pressures of approximately 12,410 kPa (1,800 psi) whereas the desire is to increase such pressures up to the 15,170 kPa (2,200 psi) range. To reach such levels the instant engine has a piston assembly including a steel piston member having an upper cylindrical portion of a diameter D and defining a top surface, a depending tubular wall having a top ring groove a minimal elevational distance TRH below the top surface, and an annular cooling recess located beneath the top surface and juxtaposed to the top ring groove for removing heat away therefrom in use. The piston member is preferably forged and subsequently machined to precisely controllable dimensions, and has a ratio of TRH to D of less than 0.06. Moreover, the piston assembly is preferably of the articulated type and includes a forged aluminum piston skirt connected to the piston member through a common wrist pin. The skirt has an upwardly facing oil trough that is disposed in a cooperating relationship with the cooling recess of the piston member. A midsupported cylinder liner surrounds the piston assembly and a recess is provided thereabout at an elevation aligned with the top ring groove for maximizing cooling.

Abstract translation: 具有铝活塞组件的现在的柴油发动机限于大约12,410kPa（1800psi）的燃烧室压力，而期望是将这种压力提高到15,170kPa（2,200psi）的范围。 为了达到这种水平，即时发动机具有活塞组件，该活塞组件包括具有直径D的上部圆柱形部分并限定顶部表面的钢制活塞构件，具有顶部环形槽的悬垂管状壁在顶部表面下方具有最小高度距离TRH， 以及位于顶表面下方并与顶环槽并列的环形冷却凹槽，用于在使用中从中除去热量。 活塞构件优选地被锻造并随后被加工成精确可控的尺寸，并且具有小于0.06的TRH与D的比率。 此外，活塞组件优选地是铰接型的，并且包括通过公共的手腕销连接到活塞构件的锻造铝活塞裙。 裙部具有向上的油槽，其与活塞构件的冷却凹部配合地配置。 中间支撑的气缸套围绕活塞组件，并且在与顶环槽对准的高度处设置有凹部，以使冷却最大化。

公开(公告)号：US4864987A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-12

申请号：US283816

申请日：1988-12-13

Applicant: Hideo Kawamura

Inventor： Hideo Kawamura

IPC: F02B23/00 ,  F02B77/02 ,  F02B77/11 ,  F02F1/00 ,  F02F1/24 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/10 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F3/18 ,  F02F7/00

CPC classification number: F02F7/0087 ,  F02B77/02 ,  F02B77/11 ,  F02F3/0023 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046 ,  F05C2203/08 ,  F05C2203/0843 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  F05C2253/16

Abstract: In a heat insulating engine of this invention, the piston head is made up of a retainer body, a heat insulating member mounted on the retainer body, and a thin ceramic member formed over the upper surface of the heat insulating member exposed to the burning gas and over the circumference of the former two members. The retainer body is mounted to a piston skirt through a heat insulating gasket. The cylinder is so constructed that the piston head does not contact the cylinder liner upper portion of the head-liner but can contact the cylinder liner lower portion. When the piston is situated close to the top dead center, the heat insulating structure of the combustion chamber prevents heat from being released from the piston head. When the piston is pushed down, the heat of the piston head is released through the cylinder liner lower portion, rapidly reducing the temperature in the combustion chamber, preventing fresh air taken in from thermally expanding and therefore preventing a reduction in the air intake efficiency.

公开(公告)号：US4833977A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-30

申请号：US45686

申请日：1987-05-01

Applicant: Otso Haahtela ,  Bern Ebel

Inventor： Otso Haahtela ,  Bern Ebel

IPC: F16J1/02 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F16J9/22

CPC classification number: F16J9/22 ,  F02F3/003 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02F2003/0061 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042

Abstract: A piston for an internal combustion engine, in particular of a passenger automobile, the piston including a ring carrier held in a piston basic body for accommodation of piston rings associated with the piston. In order to attain favorable transmission conditions for the piston transverse forces, the ring carrier is made of a ceramic material and is designed for at least partial transmission of the transverse forces acting on the piston to the cylinder wall. The ring carrier may be held in the piston basic body by casting-in or also with the help of a locking ring securing the ring carrier axially and in the circumferential direction.

Abstract translation: 一种用于内燃机，特别是乘客汽车的活塞，活塞包括保持在活塞基体中的环形载体，用于容纳与活塞相关联的活塞环。 为了获得活塞横向力的良好的传动条件，环形载体由陶瓷材料制成，并被设计用于至少部分地传递作用在活塞上的横向力到气缸壁。 环形载体可以通过嵌入固定在活塞基体中，或者也可以借助于将环形载体轴向和周向固定的锁定环来保持。

公开(公告)号：US4831918A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-23

申请号：US121314

申请日：1987-11-16

Applicant: Siegfried Mielke ,  Norman Seitz

Inventor： Siegfried Mielke ,  Norman Seitz

IPC: F02F3/04 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F16J1/16

CPC classification number: F02F7/0087 ,  F02F3/047 ,  F16J1/16 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  F05C2253/16

Abstract: In a light alloy piston for internal combustion engines, a fibrous insert body is embedded in the cast material adjacent to each of the bosses defining the piston pin bores. In order to minimize the costs of manufacturing such piston, the fibrous body extends only above the horizontal plane which includes the piston pin axis between that plane and the piston head and on both sides of the plane which includes the piston pin axis and the piston axis extends over not more than the load-carrying length of the boss defining the piston pin bore.

Abstract translation: 在用于内燃机的轻合金活塞中，与限定活塞销孔的每个凸起相邻的铸造材料中嵌入有纤维插入体。 为了最小化制造这种活塞的成本，纤维体仅在水平面上方延伸，水平面包括在该平面和活塞头之间的活塞销轴线以及包括活塞销轴线和活塞轴线的平面的两侧 延伸超过限定活塞销孔的凸台的承载长度。

公开(公告)号：US4824338A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US87849

申请日：1987-08-17

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C29/00 ,  F01B19/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B75/36 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F03C1/24 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F16C21/00 ,  F16J3/02 ,  F04B43/00

CPC classification number: F01B19/00 ,  B64C29/00 ,  F02B75/36 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F03C1/2415 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F04B1/2092 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F16C21/00 ,  F16J3/02 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: In the European patent application publication EP OS O No. 102 441 a high pressure pump is shown which uses tapered rings (disc spring derivatives) which are clamped together as a pump chamber. The clamping rings required cutting into sections which is expensive and time consuming. The present discoverings now show that the friction at compression of the coned rings was very large. The present invention now discovers that radially flexible ring portions should be provided to the coned ring portions in order to eliminate the friction and to reduce the time and cost of the production of the pump arrangement. The invention further provides U-type pump elements which eliminate the clamping rings. A second pressure led into the space in the housing which surrounds the pump elements makes it possible to increase the pressure in the pump, for example, to double the pressure.

Abstract translation: 在欧洲专利申请公开EP OS O No.102 441中，示出了使用作为泵室夹紧在一起的锥形环（碟形弹簧衍生物）的高压泵。 夹紧环需要切割成昂贵且耗时的部分。 目前的发现现在表明，锥形环压缩时的摩擦力非常大。 本发明现在发现，为了消除摩擦并减少泵装置的生产的时间和成本，应将径向柔性环部分设置到锥形环部分。 本发明还提供了消除夹紧环的U型泵元件。 引入围绕泵元件的壳体中的空间的第二压力使得可以增加泵中的压力，例如使压力加倍。

公开(公告)号：US4799654A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-24

申请号：US62648

申请日：1987-06-16

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B43/00 ,  F16F1/32 ,  F16J3/04 ,  F16F1/20 ,  F16F1/34

CPC classification number: F16F1/32 ,  F04B43/0063 ,  F16J3/047 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: An arrangement which includes a coned ring forms with the coned portion an interior space. The interior space decreases and increases its volume, when the coned portion of the ring is compressed and de-compressed. The coned ring has a radial outer portion and a radial inner portion. The radial inner portion forms a bore. The radial outer portion is provided with a seat face portion. The seat face portion contacts and bears a respective portion of a body, which may be a second coned ring, a thrust body or an outer ring. The arrangement is utilized to center a coned ring relative to a neighboring body or to provide and effectively seal a working chamber for the reception and expulsion of a fluid.

Abstract translation: 包括锥形环的装置与锥形部分形成内部空间。 当环的锥形部分被压缩和解压缩时，内部空间减小并增加其体积。 锥形环具有径向外部部分和径向内部部分。 径向内部形成孔。 径向外部设有座面部。 座面部分接触并承载主体的相应部分，其可以是第二锥形环，推力体或外环。 该装置用于使锥形环相对于相邻的主体居中，或者提供并有效地密封用于接收和排出流体的工作室。

公开(公告)号：US4798770A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-17

申请号：US119238

申请日：1987-11-06

Applicant: Tadashi Donomoto ,  Mototsugu Koyama ,  Masaaki Nagaoka

Inventor： Tadashi Donomoto ,  Mototsugu Koyama ,  Masaaki Nagaoka

IPC: B22D18/02 ,  B22D19/14 ,  C22C23/00 ,  C22C47/00 ,  C22C47/08 ,  C22C47/12 ,  C23C4/02 ,  C23C4/06 ,  C23C4/10 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B77/11 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/00 ,  B22F3/26 ,  B23P17/00

CPC classification number: F02B77/11 ,  C23C4/02 ,  F02F3/12 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/028 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046 ,  F05C2251/042 ,  F05C2253/16 ,  Y10T29/49988 ,  Y10T428/12021 ,  Y10T428/12063

Abstract: Light alloy articles comprising a body of light alloy having a composite fiber/light alloy layer, a sprayed heat-resistant alloy layer, and a sprayed ceramic base layer formed on the body in this sequence exhibit improved heat resistance and insulation and are very useful in the manufacture of internal combustion engine pistons. A method for producing such a coated light alloy article by spraying is also provided.

Abstract translation: 包括具有复合纤维/轻合金层的轻质合金体，喷涂的耐热合金层以及以该顺序形成在主体上的喷涂陶瓷基层的轻合金制品表现出改进的耐热性和绝缘性，并且非常有用 内燃机活塞的制造。 还提供了通过喷涂制造这种涂层轻合金制品的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4794848A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-03

申请号：US71915

申请日：1987-07-10

Applicant: Jean F. Melchior

Inventor： Jean F. Melchior

IPC: F04B39/00 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F3/02 ,  F16J1/04 ,  F16J1/02 ,  F16J1/08 ,  F16J9/12 ,  F16J9/26

CPC classification number: F02F3/02 ,  F16J1/04 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/0448

Abstract: A continuous ring with inside diameter (D.sub.in.sup.R) larger than the outside diameter (D.sub.out.sup.R) of the piston irrespective of conditions of operation. The ring's outside diameter when measured outside the cylinder equals or slightly exceeds the inside diameter of the cylinder. The ring is sized and designed according to various parameters determined so as to prevent piston seizing in the cylinder.

Abstract translation: 不管操作条件如何，内径（DinR）大于活塞外径（DoutR）的连续环。 在气缸外面测量的环的外径等于或稍微超过气缸的内径。 根据确定的各种参数来确定环的尺寸和设计，以防止气缸中的活塞卡住。

公开(公告)号：US4793239A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-27

申请号：US41961

申请日：1987-04-24

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C29/00 ,  F01B13/04 ,  F01B19/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B75/36 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F02G3/02 ,  F03C1/24 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F04B43/00 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F16C21/00 ,  F16J3/02

CPC classification number: B64C29/00 ,  F01B13/04 ,  F01B19/00 ,  F02B75/36 ,  F02F3/28 ,  F02G3/02 ,  F03C1/2415 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F04B1/2092 ,  F04B43/0063 ,  F04B43/02 ,  F16C21/00 ,  F16J3/02 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: In an axial piston motor or pump the cylinder barrel is mounted on a medial shaft which has a shoulder which axially bears against the front end of the rotor barrel. The rear end of the medial shaft is radially borne in a housing portion. The front portion of the medial shaft is provided with a bearing member of an axial thrust bearing for support on a respective axial thrust bearing member in the housing. On the rear end of the rotary barrel an axially selfthrusting control body is provided to seal the flow of fluid to and from the cylinders of the rotary barrel. The control body presses against the rotary barrel, the rotary barrel presses against the bearing of the medial shaft and the thrust bearing member of the shaft bears on the thrust bearing member of the housing. As a result thereof the cylinders in the rotary barrel can be straight through bores. The manufacturing of the rotor barrel is thereby simplified and the flow acceleration losses of former sack-bare bore type cylinders are prevented.

Abstract translation: 在轴向活塞马达或泵中，缸筒安装在内侧轴上，该内侧轴具有轴向地抵靠转子筒的前端的肩部。 内侧轴的后端径向地承载在壳体部分中。 内侧轴的前部设置有用于支撑在壳体中的相应的轴向推力轴承构件上的轴向推力轴承的轴承构件。 在旋转筒的后端，提供轴向自调控制体以密封流体流向和从旋转筒的圆筒的流动。 控制体压靠旋转筒，旋转筒压靠内侧轴的轴承，轴的止推轴承部件承载在壳体的止推轴承部件上。 结果，旋转筒中的圆筒可以是直通孔。 因此，转子筒的制造被简化，并且防止了前袋式裸孔型气缸的流动加速损失。

公开(公告)号：US4708104A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-24

申请号：US22550

申请日：1987-03-03

Applicant: Roger A. Day ,  Norman Tommis ,  Andrew R. Baker

Inventor： Roger A. Day ,  Norman Tommis ,  Andrew R. Baker

IPC: B22D19/08 ,  B22D19/00 ,  B22D19/14 ,  C22C47/08 ,  F02B23/06 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F7/00 ,  F16J1/01 ,  B23P15/10

CPC classification number: B22D19/14 ,  B22D19/0027 ,  C22C47/08 ,  F02B23/0636 ,  F02F3/00 ,  F02F7/0087 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  F05C2201/021 ,  F05C2201/028 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2203/0817 ,  F05C2203/0843 ,  F05C2253/16 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y10T29/49259

Abstract: A piston is manufactured by incorporating a reinforcement which is formed at least in part by a fibre material and which is so non-uniform as to provide differing characteristics in the cast piston in predetermined differing regions of the piston. For example, the volumetric density of the fibres may be different in one region of the reinforcement as compared with another region in order to produce a more resistant region in the cast piston. Additionally or alternatively, the reinforcement may hold finely divided materials which combine with the piston material during casting to give improved properties. Examples of this are the incorporation of particles of silicon, silicon carbide or silicon nitride to improve wear and/or the incorporation of molybdenum disulphide and tungsten disulphide or graphite to improve lubrication.

Abstract translation: 活塞通过结合至少部分地由纤维材料形成并且是非均匀的增强件来制造，以在活塞的预定的不同区域中在铸造活塞中提供不同的特性。 例如，与另一区域相比，纤维的体积密度可以在加强件的一个区域中是不同的，以便在铸造活塞中产生更多的阻力区域。 附加地或替代地，加强件可以保持在铸造期间与活塞材料组合的细碎材料以提供改进的性能。 其实例是引入硅，碳化硅或氮化硅颗粒以改善二硫化钼和二硫化钨或石墨的磨损和/或引入以改善润滑。