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    OFF-STATE DEGRADATION PREVENTION IN A FUEL CELL WITHOUT ON-STATE LOSSES USING SELF CONTROLLED ELEMENT
    21.
    发明申请
    OFF-STATE DEGRADATION PREVENTION IN A FUEL CELL WITHOUT ON-STATE LOSSES USING SELF CONTROLLED ELEMENT 审中-公开
    使用自控元件无状态损失的燃料电池状态降级防范

    公开(公告)号：US20100035090A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-02-11

    申请号：US12187069

    申请日：2008-08-06

    申请人： CLARK G. HOCHGRAF ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Daniel I. Harris

    发明人： CLARK G. HOCHGRAF ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Daniel I. Harris

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/02

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04902 ,  H01M8/0202 ,  H01M8/04067 ,  H01M8/04552

    摘要： A fuel cell system that employs a technique for reducing MEA degradation during system shut-down that occurs as a result of the hydrogen and air being present in the fuel cell stack flow channels. The fuel cell system includes a non-linear load element, such as a positive temperature coefficient resistor, electrically coupled to each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack. The non-linear element operates such that it has high electrical conduction at low cell voltages and low electrical conduction at high cell voltages. During system shut-down, the voltage that is generated as a result of the hydrogen and air interaction in the fuel cells that creates a low cell voltage is drawn from the fuel cell and dissipated by the element. During system operation, the fuel cell potentials are relatively high and the resistance of the element goes up so that less current flows through the element, thus reducing electrical losses.

    摘要翻译： 一种燃料电池系统，其采用在系统关闭期间降低MEA降解的技术，其由于存在于燃料电池堆流道中的氢气和空气而发生。 燃料电池系统包括电气耦合到燃料电池堆中的每个燃料电池的非线性负载元件，例如正温度系数电阻器。 非线性元件工作，使得其在低电池电压下具有高电导，在高电池电压下具有低导电性。 在系统关闭期间，由燃料电池中产生低电池电压的氢气和空气相互作用产生的电压从燃料电池中抽出并被元件消散。 在系统操作期间，燃料电池电位相对较高，并且元件的电阻上升，使得较少的电流流过元件，从而减少电损耗。

    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SHORTING A FUEL CELL STACK
    22.
    发明申请
    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SHORTING A FUEL CELL STACK 有权
    用于短路燃料电池堆的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20100003546A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-01-07

    申请号：US12014272

    申请日：2008-01-15

    申请人： Clark G. Hochgraf ,  Robert S. Foley ,  Matthew K. Hortop ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan

    发明人： Clark G. Hochgraf ,  Robert S. Foley ,  Matthew K. Hortop ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04238 ,  H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/04559 ,  H01M8/0488 ,  H01M8/0491

    摘要： A fuel cell system is provided that includes a fuel cell stack with a plurality of fuel cells and a power converter in electrical communication with the fuel cell stack. The power converter is configured to selectively regulate a power of the fuel cell stack and short circuit the fuel cell stack, as desired. A method for starting the fuel cell stack is also described including the steps of causing a short circuit of the fuel cell stack by placing the power converter in a short circuit mode; introducing a hydrogen to the anodes of the fuel cell stack to displace a quantity of air on the anodes; and placing the power converter in a power regulation mode. A degradation of the fuel cell stack during start-up is thereby militated against.

    摘要翻译： 提供一种燃料电池系统，其包括具有多个燃料电池的燃料电池堆和与燃料电池堆电连通的电力转换器。 功率转换器被配置为根据需要选择性地调节燃料电池堆的功率并使燃料电池堆短路。 还描述了用于起动燃料电池堆的方法，包括通过将功率转换器置于短路模式来引起燃料电池堆的短路的步骤; 向燃料电池堆的阳极引入氢以置换阳极上的空气量; 并将功率转换器置于功率调节模式。 因此，在启动期间燃料电池堆的劣化因此受到阻碍。

    Fuel cell stack used as coolant heater
    24.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell stack used as coolant heater 有权
    用作冷却液加热器的燃料电池组

    公开(公告)号：US09034530B2

    公开(公告)日：2015-05-19

    申请号：US12187056

    申请日：2008-08-06

    申请人： Derek R Lebzelter ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Frederick T. Wagner

    发明人： Derek R Lebzelter ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Frederick T. Wagner

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/04268 ,  H01M8/04365 ,  H01M8/04552 ,  H01M8/04731 ,  Y02E60/50

    摘要： A system and method for increasing the temperature of a fuel cell stack quickly, especially at cold stack start-up. The method includes determining whether the fuel cell stack is below a first predetermined temperature threshold, and, if so, starting a cooling fluid flow through the stack and engaging a shorting circuit across the stack to short circuit the stack and cause the stack to operate inefficiently. The method then determines a desired heating rate of the fuel cell stack and calculates a cathode airflow to the fuel cell stack based on the desired heating rate. The method reduces the flow of cathode air to the stack if a minimum cell voltage is below a predetermined minimum cell voltage threshold and disengages the shorting circuit and applies vehicle loads to the stack when the stack temperature reaches a predetermined second temperature threshold.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于快速提高燃料电池堆的温度的系统和方法，特别是在冷堆启动时。 该方法包括确定燃料电池堆是否低于第一预定温度阈值，并且如果是，则启动冷却流体流过堆叠并且跨越堆叠接合短路电路以使堆叠短路并且使得堆栈无效地运行 。 该方法然后确定燃料电池堆的期望加热速率，并基于期望的加热速率计算到燃料电池堆的阴极气流。 如果最小电池电压低于预定的最小电池电压阈值，则该方法减少阴极空气流到堆叠的流量，并且当堆叠温度达到预定的第二温度阈值时，将短路电路解除并向车辆载荷施加车辆负载。

    OXIDATION OF FUEL CELL ELECTRODE CONTAMINANTS
    25.
    发明申请
    OXIDATION OF FUEL CELL ELECTRODE CONTAMINANTS 审中-公开
    燃料电池污染物的氧化

    公开(公告)号：US20140072887A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-03-13

    申请号：US13612384

    申请日：2012-09-12

    申请人： Kelly A. O'Leary ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Robert C. Reid ,  Robert J. Moses ,  Robert S. Foley

    发明人： Kelly A. O'Leary ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Robert C. Reid ,  Robert J. Moses ,  Robert S. Foley

    IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M16/00

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0488 ,  H01M8/04238

    摘要： A system for oxidizing contaminants on both the cathode and anode electrodes in a fuel cell stack by applying a suitable voltage potential across the electrodes that causes the oxidation. The system includes a battery and an electrical converter electrically coupled to the battery. The electrical converter is configured to assist in providing an oxidation potential to the fuel cell stack by converting electrical power from the battery at a time effective to oxidize contaminants on the cathode or anode electrodes in the stack. The electrical converter provides a positive potential to the fuel cell stack to oxidize contaminants on the cathode electrodes and provides a negative potential to the fuel cell stack to oxidize contaminants on the anode electrodes. If the battery is a high voltage battery, then the converter is a power converter and if the battery is a low voltage battery, then the converter is boost converter.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于通过在导致氧化的电极上施加合适的电压电位来在燃料电池堆中的阴极和阳极电极上氧化污染物的系统。 该系统包括电池和电连接到电池的电转换器。 电转换器被配置为通过在有效地氧化堆叠中的阴极或阳极电极上的污染物的时候转换来自电池的电力来辅助向燃料电池堆提供氧化电位。 电转换器为燃料电池堆提供正电位以氧化阴极电极上的污染物，并为燃料电池堆提供负电位以氧化阳极电极上的污染物。 如果电池是高电压电池，则转换器是电源转换器，如果电池是低压电池，则转换器是升压转换器。

    VOLTAGE RECOVERY AND CONTAMINANT REMOVAL BY EX-SITU WATER FLUSH
    26.
    发明申请
    VOLTAGE RECOVERY AND CONTAMINANT REMOVAL BY EX-SITU WATER FLUSH 审中-公开
    通过外部水冲洗电压恢复和污染物去除

    公开(公告)号：US20120251908A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-10-04

    申请号：US13075954

    申请日：2011-03-30

    申请人： Ashish Bhandari ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan

    发明人： Ashish Bhandari ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/2483 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02T90/32

    摘要： A system and method for removing contaminants from a fuel cell stack. The method includes exposing the cathode and anode of the stack to an air purge, then exposing the cathode and anode of the stack to a water flush and then again exposing the cathode and anode of the stack to an air purge to dry the stack. In one technique, the stack is removed from the vehicle at a maintenance facility to perform the air purge and water flush, and in another technique, the stack remains in the vehicle and appropriate hoses are connected to the stack for the air purges and water flush.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于从燃料电池堆中去除污染物的系统和方法。 该方法包括将叠层的阴极和阳极暴露于空气吹扫，然后将堆叠的阴极和阳极暴露于水冲洗，然后再次将叠层的阴极和阳极暴露于空气吹扫以干燥堆叠。 在一种技术中，在维护设施处将堆叠从车辆中取出以执行空气净化和水冲洗，并且在另一种技术中，堆叠保留在车辆中，并且适当的软管连接到堆叠以进行空气净化和水冲洗 。

    Method for fuel cell start-up with uniform hydrogen flow
    29.
    发明授权
    Method for fuel cell start-up with uniform hydrogen flow 有权
    具有均匀氢气流量的燃料电池启动方法

    公开(公告)号：US07955744B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-06-07

    申请号：US11762845

    申请日：2007-06-14

    申请人： Jon R. Sienkowski ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Daniel J. Darga ,  John P. Salvador

    发明人： Jon R. Sienkowski ,  Balasubramanian Lakshmanan ,  Daniel J. Darga ,  John P. Salvador

    IPC分类号： H01M8/06

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04544 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04761 ,  H01M8/2465 ,  H01M8/2483 ,  H01M8/249 ,  H01M2008/1095

    摘要： A fuel cell system is provided having a fuel cell stack including a plurality of fuel cells. The fuel cell system includes an anode supply manifold in fluid communication with the plurality of fuel cells, the anode supply manifold adapted to deliver a anode supply stream to the plurality of fuel cells; an anode exhaust manifold in fluid communication with the anodes of the plurality of fuel cells, the anode exhaust manifold adapted to receive an anode exhaust stream from the plurality of fuel cells; a first valve in fluid communication with the anode supply manifold; and a second valve in fluid communication with the anode exhaust manifold. A method of starting the fuel cell system is also provided. The fuel cell system and method militates against a non-uniform distribution of the anode supply stream to the anodes of the plurality of fuel cells.

    摘要翻译： 提供具有燃料电池堆的燃料电池系统，其包括多个燃料电池。 燃料电池系统包括与多个燃料电池流体连通的阳极供应歧管，阳极供应歧管适于将阳极供应流输送到多个燃料电池; 与所述多个燃料电池的阳极流体连通的阳极排气歧管，所述阳极排气歧管适于接收来自所述多个燃料电池的阳极废气流; 与阳极供应歧管流体连通的第一阀; 以及与阳极排气歧管流体连通的第二阀。 还提供了启动燃料电池系统的方法。 燃料电池系统和方法有助于抵抗阳极供应流到多个燃料电池的阳极的不均匀分布。