公开(公告)号：US07184431B2

公开(公告)日：2007-02-27

申请号：US09954192

申请日：2001-09-18

Applicant: Ernst A. Munter ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  James Aweya

Inventor： Ernst A. Munter ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  James Aweya

IPC: H04L12/50

CPC classification number: H04L49/10 ,  H04L49/25 ,  H04L49/90

Abstract: A rotator switch includes active and redundant tandem buffers used to switch information units through the switch. The tandem buffers are interconnected to inputs and outputs by way of commutators. Information provided to one or more of the active buffers is provided to a redundant buffer. If an active tandem buffer fails, the switch may use the redundant buffer in place of the failed active buffer. A further rotator switch is formed using a plurality of switching blocks. Each switching block includes its own set of tandem buffers, and ingress and egress commutators to interconnect the tandem buffers to inputs and outputs. The plurality of switching blocks is interconnected using additional commutators. At least one of these switching blocks is redundant and is provided with information provided to an active switching block. In the event of failure of an active block, the switch may use a redundant switching block in place of the failed or replaced active block.

Abstract translation: 旋转开关包括用于通过开关切换信息单元的主动和冗余串联缓冲器。 串联缓冲器通过换向器与输入和输出互连。 提供给一个或多个活动缓冲器的信息被提供给冗余缓冲器。 如果主动串联缓冲区出现故障，则交换机可能会使用冗余缓冲区来代替故障的主动缓冲区。 使用多个切换块形成另外的旋转开关。 每个切换块包括其自己的串联缓冲器集合，以及用于将串联缓冲器互连到输入和输出的入口和出口换向器。 多个切换块使用附加换向器互连。 这些切换块中的至少一个是冗余的并且被提供有提供给有源切换块的信息。 在活动块发生故障的情况下，交换机可以使用冗余交换块来代替故障或更换的活动块。

公开(公告)号：US07130368B1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-31

申请号：US10246399

申请日：2002-09-19

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent E. Felske

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent E. Felske

IPC: H03D3/24

CPC classification number: H03L7/085 ,  H03L7/0992 ,  H03L7/181 ,  H04J3/0632 ,  H04N21/21805 ,  H04N21/4305 ,  H04N21/44004

Abstract: A system and method for synchronizing a local clock to a reference clock using a linear model of the error between the local clock and the reference clock is disclosed. In one embodiment, a direct smoothing process is used in conjunction with the linear model to estimate a frequency offset by which the frequency of an oscillator of the local clock is adjusted. Also disclosed herein is a phased-lock loop (PLL) adapted to synchronize a local clock with a reference clock using the direct smoothing process, as well as a system implementing the PLL for timing the playout of data received from a transmitter.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种使用本地时钟和参考时钟之间的误差的线性模型将本地时钟同步到参考时钟的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，直线平滑处理与线性模型一起使用以估计调整本地时钟的振荡器的频率的频率偏移。 本文还公开了适用于使用直接平滑处理将本地时钟与参考时钟同步的相控锁环（PLL），以及实现用于定时从发射机接收的数据的播出的定时的PLL的系统。

公开(公告)号：US20060056563A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-16

申请号：US11172335

申请日：2005-06-30

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Delfin Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Delfin Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

IPC: H03D3/24 ,  H04L7/00

CPC classification number: H03L7/0805 ,  H03D13/002 ,  H03L7/085 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/0992 ,  H03L7/10 ,  H03L2207/50 ,  H04J3/0658 ,  H04J3/0664

Abstract: Network elements may be synchronized over an asynchronous network by implementing a master clock as an all digital PLL that includes a Digitally Controlled Frequency Selector (DCFS), the output frequency of which may be directly controlled through the input of a control word. The PLL causes the control word input to the master DCFS to be adjusted to cause the output of the master DCFS to lock onto a reference frequency. Information associated with the control word is transmitted from the master clock to the slave clocks which are also implemented as DCFSs. By using the transmitted information to recreate the master control word, the slaves may be made to assume the same state as the master DCFS without requiring the slaves to be implemented as PLLs. The DCFS may be formed as a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) or as a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS).

Abstract translation: 网络元件可以通过将主时钟实现为包括数字控制频率选择器（DCFS）的全数字PLL的主时钟同步，其输出频率可以通过控制字的输入直接控制。 PLL会导致对主DCFS的输入控制字进行调整，使主DCFS的输出锁定在参考频率上。 与控制字相关的信息从主时钟发送到也被实现为DCFS的从时钟。 通过使用所发送的信息来重建主控制字，可以使从属设备呈现与主DCFS相同的状态，而不需要将从机实现为PLL。 DCFS可以形成为数字控制振荡器（DCO）或直接数字合成器（DDS）。

公开(公告)号：US06961307B1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-01

申请号：US09900146

申请日：2001-07-09

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno

IPC: H04L12/56 ,  H04L12/26

CPC classification number: H04L47/30 ,  H04L47/10 ,  H04L47/263 ,  H04L47/32

Abstract: A technique for managing a queue so as to distribute losses among different service classes is disclosed. In one embodiment, the technique is realized by classifying an incoming packet into one of a plurality of classes. Each class has an associated weighting factor. The system continuously monitors a queue size and determines an overall packet drop probability based on the actual queue size and a target queue size and calculates a target class drop probability based on the overall packet drop probability and the weighting factor. Finally, the system makes a comparison based on the target class drop probability and a selected value and decides whether to drop the incoming packet based on a result of the comparison. If losses are unavoidable in the system, the technique ensures that the losses will be distributed among the different service classes in inverse proportion to the service price of each class.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于管理队列以便在不同服务类别之间分配丢失的技术。 在一个实施例中，该技术通过将输入分组分类为多个类中的一个来实现。 每个类都有相关的加权因子。 系统连续监视队列大小，并根据实际队列大小和目标队列大小确定整体分组丢弃概率，并根据整体分组丢弃概率和权重因子计算目标类丢弃概率。 最后，系统根据目标类丢弃概率和选定值进行比较，并根据比较结果决定是否丢弃传入的数据包。 如果系统中的损失是不可避免的，则该技术可以确保不同服务类别之间的损失与每个类的服务价格成反比。

公开(公告)号：US20050058127A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-17

申请号：US10659320

申请日：2003-09-11

Applicant: Ernst Munter ,  Delfin Montuno ,  James Aweya

Inventor： Ernst Munter ,  Delfin Montuno ,  James Aweya

IPC: H04L12/56 ,  H04Q11/00

CPC classification number: H04L49/103 ,  H04L49/1553

Abstract: A rotator switch including more tandem buffers than inputs is disclosed. An input data conditioner formats data to be transferred from the multiple inputs to the tandem buffers. Excess tandem buffers allow data to be transferred from inputs to tandem buffers at a rate less than the rate at which data arrives at the inputs. Excess capacity of the switch fabric may be used to carry overhead, or slow the rate at which data is transferred to the switch fabric.

Abstract translation: 公开了包括比输入更多的串联缓冲器的旋转开关。 输入数据调节器将要从多个输入传送到串联缓冲器的数据。 过多的串联缓冲器允许数据以低于数据到达输入的速率的速率从输入传输到串联缓冲器。 交换结构的过多容量可能用于携带开销，或者减慢数据传输到交换结构的速率。

公开(公告)号：US09064093B1

公开(公告)日：2015-06-23

申请号：US10745065

申请日：2003-12-22

Applicant: Kent Felske ,  James Aweya ,  Delfin Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette

Inventor： Kent Felske ,  James Aweya ,  Delfin Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette

IPC: G06F21/00

CPC classification number: G06F21/00 ,  G06F21/16 ,  G06F2221/0788

Abstract: A system in which data signatures are used to identify copyrighted content passing through a network. The data signatures are derived from files containing copyrighted content to be identified. The signatures are used to search within peer-to-peer data streams flowing through one or more network nodes in a communications network. Any specific technique may be used for pattern recognition between the signatures and the monitored traffic. When a particular file of interest is identified, the system may operate to perform one or more of several possible actions, including stopping the transmission, allowing the transmission but recording the event, making an offer to the recipient allowing them to legally purchase the file, or sending alternative information or intentionally corrupting the information to render it useless to the recipient.

Abstract translation: 使用数据签名来识别经过网络的受版权保护的内容的系统。 数据签名是从包含要识别的受版权保护的内容的文件导出的。 这些签名用于在流经通信网络中的一个或多个网络节点的对等数据流中搜索。 任何具体技术可用于签名和被监视业务之间的模式识别。 当识别出感兴趣的特定文件时，系统可以操作以执行几种可能的动作中的一种或多种，​​包括停止传输，允许传输但记录事件，向接收者提供允许他们合法购买文件的提议， 或发送替代信息或故意破坏信息，使其对接收者无效。

公开(公告)号：US08873589B2

公开(公告)日：2014-10-28

申请号：US13602582

申请日：2012-09-04

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Nayef AlSindi

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Nayef AlSindi

IPC: H04L7/04

CPC classification number: H04J3/0667

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and devices for clock synchronization. The invention makes particular use of IEEE 1588 with offset and skew correction. In embodiments of the invention, the IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol is used to exchange time stamps between a time server and a client from which the client can estimate the clock offset and skew. In embodiments of the invention a free running clock at the client is provided with an estimation technique based on the time stamps from the IEEE 1588 PTP message exchange between the server and client clocks. The offset and skew from the estimation process can be combined with the local free running clock to give a synchronized local clock which is an accurate image of the master clock.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及时钟同步的方法和装置。 本发明特别使用具有偏移和偏斜校正的IEEE 1588。 在本发明的实施例中，IEEE 1588精确时间协议用于在时间服务器和客户端之间交换时间戳，客户端可以从客户端估计时钟偏移和偏移。 在本发明的实施例中，在客户端的自由运行时钟被提供有基于来自服务器和客户端时钟之间的IEEE 1588 PTP消息交换的时间戳的估计技术。 来自估计过程的偏移和偏移可以与本地自由运行时钟组合，以给出同步的本地时钟，其是主时钟的精确图像。

公开(公告)号：US20140064303A1

公开(公告)日：2014-03-06

申请号：US13602582

申请日：2012-09-04

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Nayef AlSindi

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Nayef AlSindi

IPC: H04L7/04

CPC classification number: H04J3/0667

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and devices for clock synchronization. The invention makes particular use of IEEE 1588 with offset and skew correction. In embodiments of the invention, the IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol is used to exchange time stamps between a time server and a client from which the client can estimate the clock offset and skew. In embodiments of the invention a free running clock at the client is provided with an estimation technique based on the time stamps from the IEEE 1588 PTP message exchange between the server and client clocks. The offset and skew from the estimation process can be combined with the local free running clock to give a synchronized local clock which is an accurate image of the master clock.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及时钟同步的方法和装置。 本发明特别使用具有偏移和偏斜校正的IEEE 1588。 在本发明的实施例中，IEEE 1588精确时间协议用于在时间服务器和客户端之间交换时间戳，客户端可以从客户端估计时钟偏移和偏移。 在本发明的实施例中，在客户端的自由运行时钟被提供有基于来自服务器和客户端时钟之间的IEEE 1588 PTP消息交换的时间戳的估计技术。 来自估计过程的偏移和偏移可以与本地自由运行时钟组合，以给出同步的本地时钟，其是主时钟的精确图像。

公开(公告)号：US20130172020A1

公开(公告)日：2013-07-04

申请号：US13339777

申请日：2011-12-29

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Nayef Alsindi ,  Kin Poon

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Nayef Alsindi ,  Kin Poon

IPC: H04W24/00 ,  H04W4/04

CPC classification number: G01S5/0252

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and devices for entropy-based location fingerprinting, in particular for use over wireless local-area networks (WLANs). The invention has particular application in localization for indoor environments. In embodiments of the invention, an entropy-based fingerprint is determined at a number of predetermined locations within the desired area of localization during an off-line phase and subsequently used in an on-line mode to determine the location of a receiver. In particular embodiments, the fingerprint is a vector of entropy estimates of the channel transfer function (CTF) between a mobile terminal and all access points within coverage. The invention seeks to provide a fingerprinting localization solution that has a simplicity of structure, leading to advantages in storage and pattern recognition requirements, and robustness by proving a unique measure of information that is related to the channel experienced at the location of the mobile terminal.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于基于熵的位置指纹的方法和装置，特别是用于无线局域网（WLAN）上。 本发明在室内环境的定位中具有特别的应用。 在本发明的实施例中，在离线阶段期间，在所需的定位区域内的多个预定位置处确定基于熵的指纹，并随后以在线模式使用以确定接收机的位置。 在特定实施例中，指纹是移动终端与覆盖范围内的所有接入点之间的信道传递函数（CTF）的熵估计的向量。 本发明寻求提供一种指纹定位解决方案，其具有简单的结构，通过证明与在移动终端的位置处经历的信道相关的信息的独特测量，可以获得存储和模式识别要求的优势以及鲁棒性。

公开(公告)号：US08467418B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-18

申请号：US12268008

申请日：2008-11-10

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno

IPC: H04J3/06

CPC classification number: H04L7/0079 ,  G06F1/0328 ,  H03L7/0805 ,  H03L7/085 ,  H03L7/089 ,  H03L2207/50 ,  H04J3/0632 ,  H04J3/0658

Abstract: A method, system and master service interface transfer differential timing over a packet network. The transmitting service interface receives a service clock and is coupled to a receiving service interface through a network backplane. A primary reference clock is provided to time the network backplane. The primary reference clock and the service clock are used to synthesize a copy of the service clock connected to the transmitting service interface. A first control word containing an error differential between the service clock and the synthesized copy of the service clock is generated and transmitted through the network backplane via a packet. The first control word, together with the primary reference clock, is used to recreate the service clock for timing the receiving service interface.

Abstract translation: 一种方法，系统和主服务接口通过分组网络传输差分定时。 发送业务接口接收业务时钟，通过网络背板耦合到接收业务接口。 提供主参考时钟来对网络背板进行时间。 主参考时钟和服务时钟用于合成连接到发送服务接口的业务时钟的副本。 生成服务时钟和服务时钟的合成副本之间的误差的第一个控制字，并经由分组通过网络背板发送。 第一个控制字与主参考时钟一起用于重新创建用于定时接收服务接口的服务时钟。