公开(公告)号：US06757256B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-29

申请号：US09461155

申请日：1999-12-14

Applicant: Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

Inventor： Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

IPC: H04L1228

CPC classification number: H04W24/08 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04L65/80 ,  H04W28/22 ,  H04W28/24 ,  H04W84/00

Abstract: A process (111,101) of sending packets of real-time information at a sender (311) includes steps of initially generating at the sender the packets of real-time information with a source rate (s11) greater than zero kilobits per second, and a time or path or combined time/path diversity rate (d11), the amount of diversity (d11) initially being at least zero kilobits per second. The process sends the packets, thereby resulting in a quality of service QoS, and optionally obtains at the sender (311) a measure of the QoS. Rate/diversity adaptation decision may be performed at receiver (361′) instead. Another step compares the QoS with a threshold of acceptability (Th1), and when the QoS is on an unacceptable side of said threshold (Th1) increases the diversity rate (d11 to d22) and sends not only additional ones of the packets of real-time information but also sends diversity packets at the diversity rate as increased (d22). Increasing the diversity rate (d11 to d22) while either reducing or keeping unchanged the overall transmission rate (sij+dij) is an important new improvement in even solely-time-diversity embodiments. In another form of the invention a single-chip integrated circuit includes a processor circuit (1511), and a rate-and-diversity control (1561). Here again, the diversity is contemplated to be time diversity, path diversity, and combined time/path diversity in various embodiments. Other embodiments disclosed encompass other processes, improved packets and packet ensembles, integrated circuits, chipsets, computer add-in cards, information storage articles, systems, computers, gateways, routers, cellular telephone handsets, wireless base stations, appliances, and packet networks, and other forms as claimed.

Abstract translation: 在发送器（311）发送实时信息分组的过程（111,101）包括以下步骤：首先在发送器处产生具有大于零千比特/秒的源速率（s11）的实时信息分组，以及 时间或路径或组合时间/路径分集速率（d11），分集量（d11）最初至少为零千比特每秒。 该过程发送分组，从而导致服务质量QoS，并且可选地在发送方（311）获得QoS的度量。 可以在接收机（361'）处执行速率/分集适配决定。 另一步骤将QoS与可接受性阈值（Th1）进行比较，并且当QoS处于所述阈值（Th1）的不可接受侧时，增加分集速率（d11至d22），并且不仅发送实时 时间信息，但也以多样化速率发送分集数据包（d22）。 在降低或保持整体传输速率（sij + dij）的同时，增加分集率（d11至d22）是即使单时间多样性实施例中的重要新进展。 在本发明的另一种形式中，单片集成电路包括处理器电路（1511）和速率分集控制（1561）。 再次，在各种实施例中，分集被认为是时间分集，路径分集和组合的时间/路径分集。 所公开的其他实施例包括其他过程，改进的分组和分组集合，集成电路，芯片组，计算机附加卡，信息存储产品，系统，计算机，网关，路由器，蜂窝电话手机，无线基站，设备和分组网络， 和所要求的其他形式。

公开(公告)号：US06678267B1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-13

申请号：US09461677

申请日：1999-12-14

Applicant: Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

Inventor： Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

IPC: H04L1266

CPC classification number: H04L12/413 ,  H04L12/6418

Abstract: A process (111,101) of sending packets of real-time information at a sender (311) includes steps of initially generating at the sender the packets of real-time information with a source rate (s11) greater than zero kilobits per second, and a time or path or combined time/path diversity rate (d11), the amount of diversity (d11) initially being at least zero kilobits per second. The process sends the packets, thereby resulting in a quality of service QoS, and optionally obtains at the sender (311) a measure of the QoS. Rate/diversity adaptation decision may be performed at receiver (361′) instead. Another step compares the QoS with a threshold of acceptability (Th1), and when the QoS is on an unacceptable side of said threshold (Th1) increases the diversity rate (d11 to d22) and sends not only additional ones of the packets of real-time information but also sends diversity packets at the diversity rate as increased (d22).

Abstract translation: 在发送器（311）发送实时信息分组的过程（111,101）包括以下步骤：首先在发送器处产生具有大于零千比特/秒的源速率（s11）的实时信息分组，以及 时间或路径或组合时间/路径分集速率（d11），分集量（d11）最初至少为零千比特每秒。 该过程发送分组，从而导致服务质量QoS，并且可选地在发送方（311）获得QoS的度量。 可以在接收机（361'）处执行速率/分集适配决定。 另一步骤将QoS与可接受性阈值（Th1）进行比较，并且当QoS处于所述阈值（Th1）的不可接受侧时，增加分集速率（d11至d22），并且不仅发送实际数据包中的附加数据， 时间信息，但也以多样化速率发送分集数据包（d22）。

公开(公告)号：US06574213B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-03

申请号：US09461063

申请日：1999-12-14

Applicant: Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

Inventor： Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

IPC: H04Q730

CPC classification number: H04W88/10 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04L65/80 ,  H04W88/181 ,  H04W92/02 ,  H04W92/045

Abstract: A process (111,101) of sending packets of real-time information at a sender (311) includes steps of initially generating at the sender the packets of real-time information with a source rate (s11) greater than zero kilobits per second, and a time or path or combined time/path diversity rate (d11), the amount of diversity (d11) initially being at least zero kilobits per second. The process sends the packets, thereby resulting in a quality of service QoS, and optionally obtains at the sender (311) a measure of the QoS. Rate/diversity adaptation decision may be performed at receiver (361′) instead. Another step compares the QoS with a threshold of acceptability (Th1), and when the QoS is on an unacceptable side of said threshold (Th1) increases the diversity rate (d11 to d22) and sends not only additional ones of the packets of realtime information but also sends diversity packets at the diversity rate as increased (d22). Increasing the diversity rate (d11 to d22) while either reducing or keeping unchanged the overall transmission rate (sij+dij) is an important new improvement in even solely-time-diversity embodiments.

Abstract translation: 在发送器（311）发送实时信息分组的过程（111,101）包括以下步骤：首先在发送器处产生具有大于零千比特/秒的源速率（s11）的实时信息分组，以及 时间或路径或组合时间/路径分集速率（d11），分集量（d11）最初至少为零千比特每秒。 该过程发送分组，从而导致服务质量QoS，并且可选地在发送方（311）获得QoS的度量。 可以在接收机（361'）处执行速率/分集适配决定。 另一步骤将QoS与可接受性阈值（Th1）进行比较，并且当QoS处于所述阈值（Th1）的不可接受侧时，增加分集速率（d11至d22），并且不仅发送实时信息的附加数据包 而且还以多样化速率发送分集数据包（d22）。 在降低或保持整体传输速率（sij + dij）的同时，增加分集率（d11至d22）是即使单时间多样性实施例中的重要新进展。

公开(公告)号：US08456991B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-04

申请号：US12555485

申请日：2009-09-08

Applicant: Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree ,  Krishnasamy Anandakumar

Inventor： Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree ,  Krishnasamy Anandakumar

IPC: H04J1/16 ,  H04L12/66 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04L1/14

CPC classification number: H04L43/0829 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04L29/06027 ,  H04L65/608 ,  H04L65/80 ,  H04W24/00 ,  H04W24/08 ,  H04W28/22 ,  H04W28/24

Abstract: Packets of real-time information are sent with a source rate greater than zero kilobits per second, and a time or path or combined time/path diversity rate initially being zero kilobits per second. This results in a quality of service QoS, optionally measured at the sender or the receiver. When the QoS is on an unacceptable side of a threshold of acceptability, the sender sends diversity packets at an increased rate. Increasing the diversity rate while either reducing or maintaining the overall transmission rate is new. CELP-based multiple-description data partitioning sends the base or important information plus a subset of fixed excitation in one packet and sends the base or important information plus the complementary subset of fixed excitation in another packet. Reconstruction produces acceptable quality when only one of the two packets is received and better quality when both packets are received. Reconstruction provides for single and multiple lost packets.

Abstract translation: 以大于零千比特/秒的源速率发送实时信息的分组，并且时间或路径或组合的时间/路径分集速率最初为零千比特每秒。 这导致服务质量QoS，可选地在发送者或接收者处测量。 当QoS处于可接受阈值的不可接受的一侧时，发送方以增加的速率发送分集分组。 降低或维持整体传输速率的同时提高分集速度是新的。 基于CELP的多描述数据分割在一个分组中发送基本或重要信息加上固定激励的子集，并将另一个分组中的基本或重要信息加上固定激励的互补子集发送。 当接收到两个数据包时，仅接收到两个数据包中的一个并且更好的质量，重建将产生可接受的质量。 重建提供单个和多个丢失的数据包。

公开(公告)号：US20120008645A1

公开(公告)日：2012-01-12

申请号：US13240512

申请日：2011-09-22

Applicant: Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

Inventor： Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

IPC: H04L12/00

CPC classification number: H04L47/34 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04B7/0671 ,  H04L1/0007 ,  H04L1/0018 ,  H04L29/06027 ,  H04L47/10 ,  H04L47/11 ,  H04L47/2416 ,  H04L47/283 ,  H04L47/29 ,  H04L65/602 ,  H04L65/80 ,  H04W28/08 ,  H04W28/22 ,  H04W28/24 ,  H04W84/00

Abstract: A media over packet networking appliance provides a network interface, a voice transducer, and at least one integrated circuit assembly coupling the voice transducer to the network interface. The at least one integrated circuit assembly provides media over packet transmissions and holds bits defining reconstruction of a packet stream having a primary stage and a secondary stage. The secondary stage has one or more of linear predictive coding parameters, long term prediction lags, parity check, and adaptive and fixed codebook gains. The packet stream has an instance of single packet loss, and the reconstruction includes receiving a packet sequence represented by P(n)P(n−1)′, [Lost Packet], P(n+2)P(n+1)′, and P(n+3)P(n+2)′, obtaining as information from the secondary stage one or more of the linear predictive coding parameters, long term prediction lags, parity check, and adaptive and fixed codebook gains, and performing an excitation reconstruction utilizing said packet sequence thus received.

Abstract translation: 分组网络设备上的媒体提供网络接口，语音传感器以及将语音传感器耦合到网络接口的至少一个集成电路组件。 所述至少一个集成电路组件通过分组传输提供媒体，并保持限定具有初级阶段和次级阶段的分组流的重建的比特。 次级具有一个或多个线性预测编码参数，长期预测滞后，奇偶校验以及自适应和固定码本增益。 分组流具有单个分组丢失的实例，并且重构包括接收由P（n）P（n-1）'，[丢包]，P（n + 2）P（n + 1）表示的分组序列， '和P（n + 3）P（n + 2）'，获得来自次级信息的线性预测编码参数，长期预测滞后，奇偶校验和自适应和固定码本增益中的一个或多个信息，以及 使用所接收的所述分组序列来执行激励重构。

公开(公告)号：US20100091800A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-15

申请号：US12638578

申请日：2009-12-15

Applicant: Stephen J. Perkins ,  Alan Gatherer ,  Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Alan V. McCree ,  Vishu Viswanathan

Inventor： Stephen J. Perkins ,  Alan Gatherer ,  Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Alan V. McCree ,  Vishu Viswanathan

IPC: H04L29/02

CPC classification number: H04L41/08 ,  H04L29/06027 ,  H04L41/0206 ,  H04L41/024 ,  H04L41/12 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/24 ,  H04L45/56 ,  H04L47/2416 ,  H04L65/105 ,  H04L65/4076 ,  H04L65/602 ,  H04L65/605 ,  H04L65/80 ,  H04L67/14 ,  H04L69/40 ,  H04W28/04 ,  H04W40/02 ,  H04W40/20 ,  H04W40/246 ,  H04W84/042 ,  H04W88/08 ,  H04W88/14 ,  H04W88/16

Abstract: In one form of the invention, a process of sending real-time information from a sender computer (103) to a receiver computer (105) coupled to the sender computer (103) by a packet network (100) wherein packets (111,113) sometimes become lost, includes steps of directing (441) packets (111) containing the real-time information from the sender computer (103) by at least one path (119) in the packet network (100) to the receiver computer (105), and directing packets (113) containing information dependent on the real-time information from the sender computer (103) by at least one path diversity path (117) in the packet network (100) to the same receiver computer (105). Other forms of the invention encompass other processes, improved packets and packet ensembles (111,113), integrated circuits (610), chipsets (DSP 1721, MCU), computer cards (1651), information storage articles (1511,1611), systems, computers (103,105), gateways (191,193), routers (131,133), cellular telephone handsets (181,189), wireless base stations (183,187), appliances (1721,1731,1741), and packet networks (100), and other forms as disclosed and claimed.

Abstract translation: 在本发明的一种形式中，发送计算机（103）将实时信息发送到分组网络（100）耦合到发送方计算机（103）的接收机（105）的过程，其中分组（111,113）有时 包括将包含来自发送者计算机（103）的实时信息的分组（441）通过分组网络（100）中的至少一个路径（119）引导到接收机计算机（105）的步骤， 以及将分组网络（100）中的至少一个路径分集路径（117）包含取决于来自发送者计算机（103）的实时信息的信息的分组（113）导向到同一接收机计算机（105）。 本发明的其他形式包括其他过程，改进的分组和分组集合（111,113），集成电路（610），芯片组（DSP1721，MCU），计算机卡（1651），信息存储产品（1511,1611），系统，计算机 （103,105），网关（191,193），路由器（131,133），蜂窝电话手机（181,189），无线基站（183,187），设备（1721,1731,1741）和分组网络（100） 声称。

公开(公告)号：US20060039280A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-23

申请号：US10885911

申请日：2004-07-06

Applicant: Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu Viswanathan ,  Alan McCree

Inventor： Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu Viswanathan ,  Alan McCree

IPC: H04L12/26

CPC classification number: H04L47/34 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04B7/0671 ,  H04L1/0007 ,  H04L1/0018 ,  H04L29/06027 ,  H04L47/10 ,  H04L47/11 ,  H04L47/2416 ,  H04L47/283 ,  H04L47/29 ,  H04L65/602 ,  H04L65/80 ,  H04W28/08 ,  H04W28/22 ,  H04W28/24 ,  H04W84/00

Abstract: A process (111,101) of sending packets of real-time information at a sender (311) includes steps of initially generating at the sender the packets of real-time information with a source rate (s11) greater than zero kilobits per second, and a time or path or combined time/path diversity rate (d11), the amount of diversity (d11) initially being at least zero kilobits per second. The process sends the packets, thereby resulting in a quality of service QoS, and optionally obtains at the sender (311) a measure of the QoS. Rate/diversity adaptation decision may be performed at receiver (361′) instead. Another step compares the QoS with a threshold of acceptability (Th1), and when the QoS is on an unacceptable side of said threshold (Th1) increases the diversity rate (d11 to d22) and sends not only additional ones of the packets of real-time information but also sends diversity packets at the diversity rate as increased (d22). Increasing the diversity rate (d11 to d22) while either reducing or keeping unchanged the overall transmission rate (sij+dij) is an important new improvement in even solely-time-diversity embodiments. In another form of the invention a single-chip integrated circuit includes a processor circuit (1511), and a rate-and-diversity control (1561). Here again, the diversity is contemplated to be time diversity, path diversity, and combined time/path diversity in various embodiments. Other embodiments disclosed encompass other processes, improved packets and packet ensembles, integrated circuits, chipsets, computer add-in cards, information storage articles, systems, computers, gateways, routers, cellular telephone handsets, wireless base stations, appliances, and packet networks, and other forms as claimed.

Abstract translation: 在发送器（311）发送实时信息分组的过程（111,101）包括以下步骤：首先在发送器处产生具有大于零千比特每秒的源速率（s 11）的实时信息分组，以及 时间或路径或组合时间/路径分集速率（d 11），分集量（d 11）最初至少为零千比特每秒。 该过程发送分组，从而导致服务质量QoS，并且可选地在发送方（311）获得QoS的度量。 可以在接收机（361'）处执行速率/分集适配决定。 另一步骤将QoS与可接受性阈值（Th 1）进行比较，并且当QoS处于所述阈值（Th 1）的不可接受侧时，增加分集率（d 11至d 22），并且不仅发送额外的 实时信息分组，并且以分集速率增加分集分组（d 22）。 在降低或保持整体传输速率（sij + dij）的同时，增加分集率（d 11至d 22）是即使单时间多样性实施例中的重要新进展。 在本发明的另一种形式中，单片集成电路包括处理器电路（1511）和速率分集控制（1561）。 再次，在各种实施例中，分集被认为是时间分集，路径分集和组合的时间/路径分集。 所公开的其他实施例包括其他过程，改进的分组和分组集合，集成电路，芯片组，计算机附加卡，信息存储产品，系统，计算机，网关，路由器，蜂窝电话手机，无线基站，设备和分组网络， 和所要求的其他形式。

公开(公告)号：US20060035590A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-16

申请号：US11081376

申请日：2005-03-16

Applicant: Martin Morris ,  Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Suresh Singamsetty ,  Dennis Chung Kwan ,  Hock Law

Inventor： Martin Morris ,  Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Suresh Singamsetty ,  Dennis Chung Kwan ,  Hock Law

IPC: G06F3/00 ,  H04B7/00

CPC classification number: H04W52/28 ,  G06F1/3203 ,  G06F1/3215 ,  G06F1/3237 ,  G06F1/3259 ,  G06F1/3271 ,  G06F3/0231 ,  G06F3/03543 ,  G06F3/038 ,  G06F3/0383 ,  G06F13/385 ,  G06F2213/3814 ,  H04W52/04 ,  H04W52/287 ,  H04W52/48 ,  Y02D10/126 ,  Y02D10/128 ,  Y02D10/151 ,  Y02D10/155 ,  Y02D10/156

Abstract: A computing system wherein communication between a host computer and peripheral units, e.g. computer mouse and keyboard, is performed using RF signals. The host computer and the peripheral units each contain a transceiver for managing and transmitting the RF communication messages. An acknowledgement is sent by the receiving transceiver to the sending transceiver to signify that the message was successfully received. If no acknowledgement is received by the sending transceiver, a subsequent RF communication message is sent until an acknowledgement is received. A sleep mode is invoked between messages to conserve battery power in the peripheral units, and the peripheral units send a report message to the host when awaking periodically, or by a user demand, from the sleep mode signifying that the peripheral unit is active and ready to send or receive messages.

Abstract translation: 一种计算系统，其中主计算机和外围单元之间的通信，例如， 电脑鼠标和键盘，使用RF信号执行。 主计算机和外围单元各自包含用于管理和发送RF通信消息的收发器。 接收收发器将确认发送到发送收发器以表示该消息被成功接收。 如果发送收发器没有接收到确认，则发送后续RF通信消息，直到接收到确认。 在消息之间调用休眠模式以节省外围设备中的电池电量，并且外围单元在从睡眠模式周期性地或者由用户需求唤醒时向主机发送报告消息，表示外围单元处于活动状态并且准备就绪 发送或接收消息。

公开(公告)号：US20050243059A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-03

申请号：US11081381

申请日：2005-03-16

Applicant: Martin Morris ,  Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Suresh Singamsetty ,  Dennis Chung Kwan ,  Hock Law

Inventor： Martin Morris ,  Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Suresh Singamsetty ,  Dennis Chung Kwan ,  Hock Law

IPC: G06F1/32 ,  G06F3/023 ,  G06F3/038 ,  G06F13/12 ,  G06F13/38 ,  G09G5/08 ,  H04B7/00 ,  H04B7/005 ,  H04J1/16 ,  H04L5/14 ,  H04L9/00 ,  H04L9/18

CPC classification number: H04W52/28 ,  G06F1/3203 ,  G06F1/3215 ,  G06F1/3237 ,  G06F1/3259 ,  G06F1/3271 ,  G06F3/0231 ,  G06F3/03543 ,  G06F3/038 ,  G06F3/0383 ,  G06F13/385 ,  G06F2213/3814 ,  H04W52/04 ,  H04W52/287 ,  H04W52/48 ,  Y02D10/126 ,  Y02D10/128 ,  Y02D10/151 ,  Y02D10/155 ,  Y02D10/156

Abstract: A computing system wherein communication between a host computer and peripheral units, e.g. computer mouse and keyboard, is performed using RF signals. The host computer and the peripheral units each contain a transceiver for managing and transmitting the RF communication messages. An acknowledgement is sent by the receiving transceiver to the sending transceiver to signify that the message was successfully received. If no acknowledgement is received by the sending transceiver, a subsequent RF communication message is sent until an acknowledgement is received. A sleep mode is invoked between messages to conserve battery power in the peripheral units, and the peripheral units send a report message to the host when awaking periodically, or by a user demand, from the sleep mode signifying that the peripheral unit is active and ready to send or receive messages.

公开(公告)号：US06744757B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-01

申请号：US09460065

申请日：1999-12-14

Applicant: Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

Inventor： Krishnasamy Anandakumar ,  Vishu R. Viswanathan ,  Alan V. McCree

IPC: H04L1266

CPC classification number: H04L45/24 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L47/10 ,  H04L47/29 ,  H04L65/80

Abstract: A process (111,101) of sending packets of real-time information at a sender (311) includes steps of initially generating at the sender the packets of real-time information with a source rate (s11) greater than zero kilobits per second, and a time or path or combined time/path diversity rate (d11), the amount of diversity (d11) initially being at least zero kilobits per second. The process sends the packets, thereby resulting in a quality of service QoS, and optionally obtains at the sender (311) a measure of the QoS. Rate/diversity adaptation decision may be performed at receiver (361′) instead. Another step compares the QoS with a threshold of acceptability (Th1), and when the QoS is on an unacceptable side of said threshold (Th1) increases the diversity rate (d11 to d22) and sends not only additional ones of the packets of real-time information but also sends diversity packets at the diversity rate as increased (d22). Increasing the diversity rate (d11 to d22) while either reducing or keeping unchanged the overall transmission rate (sij+dij) is an important new improvement in even solely-time-diversity embodiments. In another form of the invention a single-chip integrated circuit includes a processor circuit (1511), and a rate-and-diversity control (1561). Here again, the diversity is contemplated to be time diversity, path diversity, and combined time/path diversity in various embodiments. Other embodiments disclosed encompass other processes, improved packets and packet ensembles, integrated circuits, chipsets, computer add-in cards, information storage articles, systems, computers, gateways, routers, cellular telephone handsets, wireless base stations, appliances, and packet networks, and other forms as claimed.

Abstract translation: 在发送器（311）发送实时信息分组的过程（111,101）包括以下步骤：首先在发送器处产生具有大于零千比特/秒的源速率（s11）的实时信息分组，以及 时间或路径或组合时间/路径分集速率（d11），分集量（d11）最初至少为零千比特每秒。 该过程发送分组，从而导致服务质量QoS，并且可选地在发送方（311）获得QoS的度量。 可以在接收机（361'）处执行速率/分集适配决定。 另一步骤将QoS与可接受性阈值（Th1）进行比较，并且当QoS处于所述阈值（Th1）的不可接受侧时，增加分集速率（d11至d22），并且不仅发送实时 时间信息，但也以多样化速率发送分集数据包（d22）。 在降低或保持整体传输速率（sij + dij）的同时，增加分集率（d11至d22）是即使单时间多样性实施例中的重要新进展。 在本发明的另一种形式中，单片集成电路包括处理器电路（1511）和速率分集控制（1561）。 再次，在各种实施例中，分集被认为是时间分集，路径分集和组合的时间/路径分集。 所公开的其他实施例包括其他过程，改进的分组和分组集合，集成电路，芯片组，计算机附加卡，信息存储产品，系统，计算机，网关，路由器，蜂窝电话手机，无线基站，设备和分组网络， 和所要求的其他形式。