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    Bragg grating pressure sensor for industrial sensing applications
    21.
    发明授权
    Bragg grating pressure sensor for industrial sensing applications 有权
    用于工业传感应用的布拉格光栅压力传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06776045B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-08-17

    申请号：US10007735

    申请日：2001-11-08

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： G01L900

    CPC分类号： G01L11/025

    摘要： A fiber grating pressure sensor for use in an industrial process includes an optical sensing element 20,600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and which has an outer transverse dimension of at least 0.3 mm. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected from the grating 12 at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The sensing element 20,600 may be used by itself as a sensor or located within a housing 48,60,90,270,300. When external pressure P increases, the grating 12 is compressed and the reflection wavelength &lgr;1 changes. The shape of the sensing element 20,600 may have other geometries, e.g., a “dogbone” shape, so as to enhance the sensitivity of shift in &lgr;1 due to applied external pressure and may be fused to an outer shell 50. A temperature grating 270 may be used to measure temperature and allow for a temperature-corrected pressure measurement. The sensor may be suspended within an outer housing 112, by a fluid, spacers, or other means. The sensor may also be combined with an instrument, an opto-electronic converter and a controller in an industrial process control system.

    摘要翻译： 用于工业过程的光纤光栅压力传感器包括光学传感元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有印刷在其中的布拉格光栅12，该布置光栅12被封装在玻璃毛细管20的至少一部分内并与其融合，和/或 具有芯和宽包层并且具有至少0.3mm的外横向尺寸的大直径波导光栅600。 光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长λ1从光栅12反射。 感测元件20,600可以自身用作传感器或位于壳体48,60,270,300内。 当外部压力P增加时，光栅12被压缩，反射波长λ1变化。 感测元件20,600的形状可以具有其他几何形状，例如“狗骨”形状，以便增强由于施加的外部压力而导致的λ1偏移的灵敏度，并且可以将其熔合到外壳50.温度光栅270可以 用于测量温度并允许进行温度校正的压力测量。 传感器可以通过流体，间隔件或其他装置悬挂在外壳体112内。 传感器还可以与工业过程控制系统中的仪器，光电转换器和控制器组合。

    Method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased bragg grating
    23.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased bragg grating 有权
    用于形成管状布拉格光栅的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06298184B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

    申请号：US09205845

    申请日：1998-12-04

    申请人： Martin A. Putnam ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright

    发明人： Martin A. Putnam ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Christopher J. Wright

    IPC分类号： G02B634

    CPC分类号： G02B6/02133 ,  G02B2006/02161

    摘要： A method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber 28 which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 120 and a substantially transparent index-matching medium 122, such as an optically flat window, having an optically flat surface 126 adjacent to the tube 120. A substantially transparent index-matching intermediate material (e.g., UV transparent oil) 124 is used between the window 22 and the tube 120 to substantially eliminate the interface between the tube 120 and the medium 122. A pair of writing beams 26,34 are incident on and pass through the medium 122, the tube 120 and intersect and interfere in a region 30 on the fiber 28. Also, the width Wb of the writing beams 26,34 may be set to be less than the width Woil of the intermediate material 124 to eliminate surface damage (ablations) of the tube 120. Attentively, the medium 122 may have a geometry to eliminate surface ablations (e.g., a collar shape) and/or to match the shape of the tube 120. More than one grating or pair of gratings may be written in the tube-encased fiber or one or more gratings may be formed in multiple fibers 28,250 encased in the tube 120. Further, high intensity writing beams 26,34 on the fiber 28 may be achieved by having the medium 122 have a predetermined thickness T.

    摘要翻译： 用于形成管封装光纤光栅的方法和装置包括：光纤28，其被包裹在玻璃毛细管120和基本上透明的折射率匹配介质122的至少一部分内并且熔合到光纤平面窗口 具有与管120相邻的光学平坦表面126.在窗口22和管120之间使用基本上透明的折射率匹配中间材料（例如，UV透明油）124，以基本上消除管120和管120之间的界面 介质122.一对写入光束26,34入射并穿过介质122，管120并且交叉并干涉光纤28上的区域30.而且，写入光束26,34的宽度Wb可以 被设定为小于中间材料124的宽度Wo，以消除管120的表面损伤（消融）。注意地，介质122可以具有几何形状以消除表面消融（例如，套环形状）和/或t o匹配管120的形状。可以将多于一个的光栅或一对光栅写入管封装的光纤中，或者一个或多个光栅可以形成在封装在管120中的多个光纤28,250中。此外，高强度写入光束 26,34可以通过使介质122具有预定厚度T来实现。

    Method and apparatus for measuring parameters of a fluid flowing within a pipe using a configurable array of sensors
    24.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for measuring parameters of a fluid flowing within a pipe using a configurable array of sensors 有权
    用于使用可配置的传感器阵列测量在管内流动的流体的参数的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08893558B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-11-25

    申请号：US12986347

    申请日：2011-01-07

    申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    IPC分类号： G01F1/20 ,  G01F1/708

    CPC分类号： G01F1/7082

    摘要： An apparatus for measuring at least one parameter associated with a fluid flowing within a pipe includes a single sheet of piezoelectric film material wrapped around at least a portion of the pipe and an array of sensors disposed at different locations on the film material. Each of the sensors provides a signal indicative of pressure within the pipe at a corresponding axial and/or circumferential location of the pipe. The sensors are selectively configurable to provide the pressure signals. The signals are processed to determine the parameter. The array of sensors is configurable in response to different criteria. The criteria includes at least one of the parameter of the fluid to be output, an input signal specifying sensors to be selected, a predetermined configuration based on the parameter to be determined, and in response to a previously determined parameter of the fluid.

    摘要翻译： 用于测量与在管道内流动的流体相关联的至少一个参数的装置包括缠绕在管的至少一部分上的单片压电膜材料和设置在膜材料上的不同位置的传感器阵列。 每个传感器提供在管道的相应轴向和/或周向位置处指示管内的压力的信号。 传感器可选择性地配置以提供压力信号。 处理信号以确定参数。 传感器阵列可根据不同的标准进行配置。 标准包括要输出的流体的参数，要选择的传感器的输入信号，基于要确定的参数的预定配置以及响应于先前确定的流体参数的至少一个。

    Method and apparatus for measuring parameters of a fluid flowing within a pipe using a configurable array of sensors
    25.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for measuring parameters of a fluid flowing within a pipe using a configurable array of sensors 有权
    用于使用可配置的传感器阵列测量在管内流动的流体的参数的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08336393B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-12-25

    申请号：US12986366

    申请日：2011-01-07

    申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    IPC分类号： G01F1/20

    CPC分类号： G01F1/7082

    摘要： An apparatus for measuring at least one parameter associated with a fluid flowing within a pipe includes a single sheet of piezoelectric film material wrapped around at least a portion of the pipe and an array of sensors disposed at different locations on the film material. Each of the sensors provides a signal indicative of pressure within the pipe at a corresponding axial and/or circumferential location of the pipe. The sensors are selectively configurable to provide the pressure signals. The signals are processed to determine the parameter. The array of sensors is configurable in response to different criteria. The criteria includes at least one of the parameter of the fluid to be output, an input signal specifying sensors to be selected, a predetermined configuration based on the parameter to be determined, and in response to a previously determined parameter of the fluid.

    摘要翻译： 用于测量与在管道内流动的流体相关联的至少一个参数的装置包括缠绕在管的至少一部分上的单片压电膜材料和设置在膜材料上的不同位置的传感器阵列。 每个传感器提供在管道的相应轴向和/或周向位置处指示管内的压力的信号。 传感器可选择性地配置以提供压力信号。 处理信号以确定参数。 传感器阵列可根据不同的标准进行配置。 标准包括要输出的流体的参数，要选择的传感器的输入信号，基于要确定的参数的预定配置以及响应于先前确定的流体参数的至少一个。

    Compression-tuned bragg grating and laser
    27.
    发明授权
    Compression-tuned bragg grating and laser 有权
    压缩调谐布拉格光栅和激光

    公开(公告)号：US06229827B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-05-08

    申请号：US09456112

    申请日：1999-12-06

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： H01S310

    CPC分类号： G02F1/0115 ,  G02B6/0218 ,  G02B6/022 ,  G02F1/0128 ,  G02F2201/307

    摘要： A compression-tuned bragg grating includes a tunable optical element 20,600 which includes either an optical fiber 10 having at least one Bragg grating 12 impressed therein encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The tunable element 20,600 is axially compressed which causes a shift in the reflection wavelength of the grating 12 without buckling the element. The shape of the element may be other geometries (e.g., a “dogbone” shape) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber 10 or core 612 may be used. At least a portion of the element may be doped between a pair of gratings 150,152, to form a compression-tuned laser or the grating 12 orgratings 150,152 may be constructed as a tunable DFB laser. Also, the element 20 may have an inner tapered region 22 or tapered (or fluted) sections 27. The compression may be done by a PZT, stepper motor or other actuator or fluid pressure.

    摘要翻译： 压缩调谐布拉格光栅包括可调谐光学元件20,600，其包括光纤10，其具有印刷在其中的至少一个布拉格光栅12，该布拉格光栅12被封装在玻璃毛细管20或大直径波导光栅600的至少一部分中 具有核心和广泛的包层。 光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长lambd1反射。 可调谐元件20,600被轴向压缩，这导致光栅12的反射波长的偏移而不使元件弯曲。 元件的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如，“狗骨”形状）和/或可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤10或核612。 元件的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅150,152之间，以形成压缩调谐的激光器，或者光栅12或格栅化器150,152可被构造为可调DFB激光器。 此外，元件20可以具有内锥形区域22或锥形（或凹槽）部分27.压缩可以由PZT，步进电动机或其他致动器或流体压力来实现。

    SONIC FILTER FOR MEASURING AND CAPTURING PARTICLES HAVING A PARTICULAR PARTICLE SIZE IN A FLUID, MIXTURE OR PROCESS FLOW
    29.
    发明申请
    SONIC FILTER FOR MEASURING AND CAPTURING PARTICLES HAVING A PARTICULAR PARTICLE SIZE IN A FLUID, MIXTURE OR PROCESS FLOW 有权
    用于测量和捕获在流体，混合或过程流中具有特定颗粒尺寸的颗粒的SONIC过滤器

    公开(公告)号：US20140047909A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-02-20

    申请号：US13983409

    申请日：2012-02-06

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    IPC分类号： G01N29/036

    CPC分类号： G01N29/036 ,  B01D21/283 ,  B01D21/34 ,  G01N2015/142 ,  H04R23/00

    摘要： Apparatus is provided featuring an acoustic driver and a transducer. The acoustic driver is configured to provide an acoustic driver signal having a frequency that can be adjusted to yield a given wavelength, which in turn, will selectively capture a particular particle size of particles in a fluid, mixture or process flow. The transducer is configured to respond to the acoustic driver signal and provide an acoustic signal having a standing wave at the frequency in order to yield the given wavelength that will selectively capture the particular particle size of the particles in the fluid, mixture or process flow, in order to determine the mass of the particles having the particular particle size in the fluid, mixture or process flow.

    摘要翻译： 提供具有声学驱动器和换能器的装置。 声学驱动器被配置为提供具有可被调节以产生给定波长的频率的声学驱动器信号，该频率又将选择性地捕获流体，混合物或过程流中特定粒子的粒子。 换能器被配置为响应声学驱动器信号并且提供具有频率驻波的声信号，以产生将选择性地捕获流体，混合物或过程流中的颗粒的特定粒度的给定波长， 以确定在流体，混合物或工艺流程中具有特定粒度的颗粒的质量。

    Pressure-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor
    30.
    发明授权
    Pressure-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor 有权
    压力隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06813013B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-11-02

    申请号：US10193876

    申请日：2002-07-12

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Richard T. Jones ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Richard T. Jones ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： G01N2100

    CPC分类号： G01K11/3206 ,  G01D5/35316 ,  G01K5/52

    摘要： A pressure-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical element, which includes an optical fiber having at least one Bragg grating disposed therein. The Bragg grating is encased within and fused to at least a portion of an inner glass capillary tube, or comprises a large diameter waveguide grating having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating disposed therein, encased within an outer tube to form a chamber. An extended portion of the sensing element that has the grating therein extends inwardly into the chamber, which allows the grating to sense temperature changes but isolates the grating from external pressure. More than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the sensing element may be doped between a pair of gratings to form a temperature tuned laser, or the grating or gratings may be configured as a tunable DFB laser disposed in the sensing element.

    摘要翻译： 压力隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器包括光学元件，其包括其中布置有至少一个布拉格光栅的光纤。 布拉格光栅被封装在内玻璃毛细管的至少一部分中并且熔合到内玻璃毛细管的至少一部分中，或包括具有芯和宽包层并且具有设置在其中的光栅的大直径波导光栅，该光栅包围在外管内以形成室 。 其中具有光栅的感测元件的延伸部分向内延伸到腔室中，这允许光栅感测温度变化，但是将光栅与外部压力隔离。 可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤或光纤。 感测元件的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅之间以形成温度调节的激光器，或者光栅或光栅可被配置为设置在感测元件中的可调DFB激光器。