公开(公告)号：US20150194842A1

公开(公告)日：2015-07-09

申请号：US14595688

申请日：2015-01-13

Applicant: Inertech IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02J9/06 ,  G06F1/30

CPC classification number: H02J9/06 ,  G06F1/30 ,  H02J1/10 ,  H02J9/04 ,  Y10T307/344

Abstract: An efficient, modular, direct current (DC) uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for at least one server of a data center is disclosed. The single-conversion DC UPS includes an AC-DC converter, an energy storage device electrically coupled to the output of the AC-DC converter, and a single conversion server supply DC-DC converter electrically coupled to the AC-DC converter and the energy storage device, which may be a low-voltage lithium-ion battery or combined with an ultra capacitor. The DC UPS may be incorporated into a UPS system for a data center including a plurality of server rack assemblies and a plurality of cooling distribution units (CDUs). The UPS system includes an electric generator, an AC UPS electrically coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of CDUs, and a plurality of DC UPSs coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of server rack assemblies.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于数据中心的至少一个服务器的高效，模块化，直流（DC）不间断电源（UPS）。 单转换DC UPS包括AC-DC转换器，电耦合到AC-DC转换器的输出的能量存储装置，以及电耦合到AC-DC转换器和能量的单个转换服务器电源DC-DC转换器 存储装置，其可以是低压锂离子电池或与超级电容器组合。 DC UPS可以并入用于包括多个服务器机架组件和多个冷却分配单元（CDU）的数据中心的UPS系统中。 UPS系统包括发电机，电耦合在发电机和多个CDU之间的AC UPS以及耦合在发电机和多个服务器机架组件之间的多个DC UPS。

公开(公告)号：US20240291314A1

公开(公告)日：2024-08-29

申请号：US18595165

申请日：2024-03-04

Applicant: INERTECH IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02J9/06 ,  H02M3/156

CPC classification number: H02J9/062 ,  H02M3/156

Abstract: Systems and methods for supplying power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a load without using a transformer are disclosed. The UPS includes an energy storage device, a single stage DC-DC converter or a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a unidirectional or bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. The UPS may also include a small filter to remove harmonics in the AC voltage output from the multi-level inverter.

公开(公告)号：US12047012B2

公开(公告)日：2024-07-23

申请号：US17893662

申请日：2022-08-23

Applicant: Inertech IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02J7/00 ,  H02J9/00 ,  H02J9/06 ,  H02M1/04 ,  H02M1/08 ,  H02M3/155 ,  H02M3/158 ,  H02M3/335 ,  H02M7/483 ,  H02M7/487 ,  H02M7/527 ,  H02M1/00

CPC classification number: H02M7/4837 ,  H02J7/0063 ,  H02J9/00 ,  H02J9/062 ,  H02M1/04 ,  H02M1/083 ,  H02M3/155 ,  H02M3/158 ,  H02M3/33584 ,  H02M7/487 ,  H02M7/527 ,  H02M1/0058 ,  H02M1/0064 ,  H02M1/007 ,  H02M1/0077 ,  H02M3/1582 ,  Y02B70/10

Abstract: Systems and methods of this disclosure use low voltage energy storage devices to supply power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a data center load. The UPS includes a low voltage energy storage device (ultracapacitor/battery), a high frequency (HF) bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a multi-level (ML) inverter. The HF DC-DC converter uses a plurality of HF planar transformers, multiple H-bridge circuits, and gate drivers for driving IGBT devices to generate a medium DC voltage from the ultracapacitor/battery energy storage. The gate drivers are controlled by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) controller, which introduces a phase shift between the voltage on the primary and secondary sides of the transformers. When the primary side leads the secondary side, the ultracapacitor/battery discharges and causes the UPS to supply power to the data center, and when the secondary side leads the primary side, power flows from the grid back to the UPS, thereby recharging the ultracapacitor/battery.

公开(公告)号：US20230091202A1

公开(公告)日：2023-03-23

申请号：US17893662

申请日：2022-08-23

Applicant: Inertech IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02M7/483 ,  H02M3/155 ,  H02M7/527 ,  H02M1/04 ,  H02M1/08 ,  H02J9/00 ,  H02M7/487 ,  H02M3/158 ,  H02M3/335 ,  H02J9/06 ,  H02J7/00

Abstract: Systems and methods of this disclosure use low voltage energy storage devices to supply power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a data center load. The UPS includes a low voltage energy storage device (ultracapacitor/battery), a high frequency (HF) bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a multi-level (ML) inverter. The HF DC-DC converter uses a plurality of HF planar transformers, multiple H-bridge circuits, and gate drivers for driving IGBT devices to generate a medium DC voltage from the ultracapacitor/battery energy storage. The gate drivers are controlled by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) controller, which introduces a phase shift between the voltage on the primary and secondary sides of the transformers. When the primary side leads the secondary side, the ultracapacitor/battery discharges and causes the UPS to supply power to the data center, and when the secondary side leads the primary side, power flows from the grid back to the UPS, thereby recharging the ultracapacitor/battery.

公开(公告)号：US11539236B2

公开(公告)日：2022-12-27

申请号：US17124491

申请日：2020-12-16

Applicant: INERTECH IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02J3/34 ,  H02J9/06 ,  H02M3/156

Abstract: Systems and methods for supplying power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a load without using a transformer are disclosed. The UPS includes an energy storage device, a single stage DC-DC converter or a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a unidirectional or bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. The UPS may also include a small filter to remove harmonics in the AC voltage output from the multi-level inverter.

公开(公告)号：US20220014088A1

公开(公告)日：2022-01-13

申请号：US17182035

申请日：2021-02-22

Applicant: Inertech IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02M1/12 ,  H02M3/158 ,  H02J3/18 ,  H02J3/32 ,  H02M7/487 ,  H02J3/01

Abstract: Systems and methods of the present disclosure involve passive, hybrid, and active filtering configurations to mitigate current harmonics for various electrical loads. One hybrid filtering configuration is medium voltage (MV) active filtering using a DC-DC converter and a multi-level inverter, and low voltage (LV) passive filtering. Another hybrid filtering configuration is MV passive filtering and LV active filtering using a two-level inverter. An active filtering configuration includes both MV and LV active filtering. The present disclosure also features power distribution unit (PDU) transformers electrically coupled to respective power supplies on the LV side of an electrical system. Each PDU transformer includes primary coils in a delta configuration and secondary coils in a wye configuration. The secondary coils are in series with respective leakage inductance coils. The secondary coils and the leakage inductance coils are integrated together into a single unit or module.

公开(公告)号：US20210218269A1

公开(公告)日：2021-07-15

申请号：US17124491

申请日：2020-12-16

Applicant: INERTECH IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02J9/06 ,  H02M3/156

Abstract: Systems and methods for supplying power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a load without using a transformer are disclosed. The UPS includes an energy storage device, a single stage DC-DC converter or a two-stage DC-DC converter, and a multi-level inverter, each of which are electrically coupled to a common negative bus. The DC-DC converter may include two stages in a unidirectional or bidirectional configuration. One stage of the DC-DC converter uses a flying capacitor topology. The voltages across the capacitors of the flying capacitor topology are balanced and switching losses are minimized by fixed duty cycle operation. The DC-DC converter generates a high DC voltage from a low or high voltage energy storage device such as batteries and/or ultra-capacitors. The multi-level, neutral point, diode-clamped inverter converts the high DC voltage into a medium AC voltage using a space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique. The UPS may also include a small filter to remove harmonics in the AC voltage output from the multi-level inverter.

公开(公告)号：US10673327B2

公开(公告)日：2020-06-02

申请号：US15853704

申请日：2017-12-22

Applicant: Inertech IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02M3/155 ,  H02J7/00 ,  H02M7/527 ,  H02M1/04 ,  H02M1/08 ,  H02J9/00 ,  H02M7/487 ,  H02M3/158 ,  H02M3/335 ,  H02J9/06 ,  H02M1/00

Abstract: Systems and methods of this disclosure use low voltage energy storage devices to supply power at a medium voltage from an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to a data center load. The UPS includes a low voltage energy storage device (ultracapacitor/battery), a high frequency (HF) bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a multi-level (ML) inverter. The HF DC-DC converter uses a plurality of HF planar transformers, multiple H-bridge circuits, and gate drivers for driving IGBT devices to generate a medium DC voltage from the ultracapacitor/battery energy storage. The gate drivers are controlled by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) controller, which introduces a phase shift between the voltage on the primary and secondary sides of the transformers. When the primary side leads the secondary side, the ultracapacitor/battery discharges and causes the UPS to supply power to the data center, and when the secondary side leads the primary side, power flows from the grid back to the UPS, thereby recharging the ultracapacitor/battery.

公开(公告)号：US10389272B2

公开(公告)日：2019-08-20

申请号：US15913387

申请日：2018-03-06

Applicant: Inertech IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02M7/487 ,  H02J9/06 ,  H02M3/04 ,  H02M1/084 ,  H02M7/49 ,  H02M7/5387

Abstract: Control systems for a multi-level diode-clamped inverter and corresponding methods include a processor and a digital logic circuit forming a hybrid controller. The processor identifies sector and region locations based on a sampled reference voltage vector V* and angle θe*. The processor then selects predefined switching sequences and pre-calculated turn-on time values based on the identified sector and region locations. The digital logic circuit generates PWM switching signals for driving power transistors of a multi-level diode-clamped inverter based on the turn-on time values and the selected switching sequences. The control system takes care of the existing capacitor voltage balancing issues of multi-level diode-clamped inverters while supplying both active and reactive power to an IT load. Using the control system, one can generate a symmetrical PWM signal that fully covers the linear under-modulation region.

公开(公告)号：US09882422B2

公开(公告)日：2018-01-30

申请号：US14595688

申请日：2015-01-13

Applicant: Inertech IP LLC

Inventor： Subrata K. Mondal

IPC: H02J1/10 ,  H02J9/06 ,  H02J9/04 ,  G06F1/30

CPC classification number: H02J9/06 ,  G06F1/30 ,  H02J1/10 ,  H02J9/04 ,  Y10T307/344

Abstract: An efficient, modular, direct current (DC) uninterruptible power supply (UPS) for at least one server of a data center is disclosed. The single-conversion DC UPS includes an AC-DC converter, an energy storage device electrically coupled to the output of the AC-DC converter, and a single conversion server supply DC-DC converter electrically coupled to the AC-DC converter and the energy storage device, which may be a low-voltage lithium-ion battery or combined with an ultra capacitor. The DC UPS may be incorporated into a UPS system for a data center including a plurality of server rack assemblies and a plurality of cooling distribution units (CDUs). The UPS system includes an electric generator, an AC UPS electrically coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of CDUs, and a plurality of DC UPSs coupled between the electric generator and the plurality of server rack assemblies.