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公开(公告)号：US06546158B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-08
申请号：US09902424
申请日：2001-07-10
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011 , G02B6/12004 , G02B6/12014 , G02B6/125 , G02B6/2861 , G02B2006/1215 , G02B2006/12159
摘要： A method of modifying the spectral distribution of an optical signal includes the steps of splitting the signal among a plurality of optical paths, delaying the propagation of the signal through one or more of the optical paths by a time duration which results in the desired spectral distribution when the signals at the output ends of each optical path are recombined, and then recombining those outputs. An apparatus for changing the spectral profile of an optical signal includes an input waveguide and a plurality of tapped delay lines. Each of the tapped delay lines has a delay element configurable to impart a predetermined delay to the signal propagating down the delay line. Couplers split an optical signal, propagating on the input waveguide, among the tapped delay lines. The delays imparted to the signals on each line are chosen so as to effect the desired change to the spectral profile.
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公开(公告)号：US07515791B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-07
申请号：US11423608
申请日：2006-06-12
申请人： Barthelemy Fondeur
发明人： Barthelemy Fondeur
CPC分类号： G02B6/12009 , G02B6/2808 , G02B6/29308
摘要： The invention relates to phase matched optical gratings for performing signal multiplexing and demultiplexing in optical communications networks. In prior art gratings there is a phase linearity error between the grating line and the outputs on the focal line, comparing the center output to the surrounding outputs. This corresponds to a relative phase difference between each output which limits the passband. In the case of the AWG this degradation comes primarily from field aberrations in the output star coupler. The present invention has found that if the grating line of the optical grating is disposed on a ellipse instead of a circular arc, while the focal line of outputs defines a substantially circular arc, an optimum can be found where the phase linearity error is substantially eliminated, and all outputs have substantially the same phase. As a result, this creates substantially uniform passbands across the WDM spectrum.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于在光通信网络中执行信号复用和解复用的相位匹配光栅。 在现有技术的光栅中，光栅线与焦线上的输出之间存在相位线性误差，将中心输出与周围输出进行比较。 这对应于限制通带的每个输出之间的相对相位差。 在AWG的情况下，这种退化主要来自输出星形耦合器的场像差。 本发明已经发现，如果光栅的光栅线设置在椭圆而不是圆弧上，而输出的焦线定义为大致圆弧，则可以发现相位线性误差基本上消除的最佳值 ，并且所有输出具有基本上相同的相位。 结果，这在WDM光谱中产生了基本均匀的通带。
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公开(公告)号：US20080031570A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-07
申请号：US11782419
申请日：2007-07-24
IPC分类号： G02B6/35
CPC分类号： G02B6/12019 , G02B6/12011 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3522 , G02B6/356
摘要： The present invention extends the concept of a standard array waveguide grating (AWG), which focuses each wavelength component launched via an input AWG to a Rowland circle inside a planar lightwave chip (PLC) where discrete waveguides are located, to one which focuses each wavelength component outside of the PLC chip along a straight line. An array of MEMS mirrors or other redirecting elements is positioned at the focus location for independently redirecting each of the wavelength channels back to any number of selected output AWGs formed on the same PLC chip as the input AWG.
摘要翻译： 本发明扩展了标准阵列波导光栅（AWG）的概念，该标准阵列波导光栅将通过输入AWG发射的每个波长分量聚焦到位于离散波导的平面光波片（PLC）内的Rowland圆，其聚焦每个波长 组件外部的PLC芯片沿直线。 MEMS镜或其他重定向元件的阵列位于聚焦位置，用于独立地将每个波长通道重定向回到与输入AWG相同的PLC芯片上形成的任何数量的选定输出AWG。
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24.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06760499B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-06
申请号：US10190930
申请日：2002-07-08
IPC分类号： G02B612
CPC分类号： G02F1/225 , G02F1/0147 , G02F2203/48
摘要： A planar waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZ) has improved performance as a variable optical attenuator as well as a thermo-optic switch (TOS) with reduced polarization dependent loss (PDL) in high attenuation states. The PDL was reduced by correcting for the increased birefringence that occurs on heating one waveguide arm by making the two waveguides inherently asymmetric, such that when one of the waveguides is heated, the differential birefringence of the two arms becomes zero. This asymmetry can be realized simply by changing the width of one of the waveguides. The modified device allows for very small PDL in the high attenuation state of a VOA and for theoretically perfect contrast in a TOS in the off state, with only a small penalty in PDL of the on state.
摘要翻译： 平面波导马赫 - 策德尔干涉仪（MZ）具有改进的性能，作为可变光衰减器以及在高衰减状态下具有降低的偏振相关损耗（PDL）的热光开关（TOS）。 通过校正通过使两个波导固有地不对称地加热一个波导臂而发生的增加的双折射，从而减小PDL，使得当波导中的一个被加热时，两个臂的差分双折射变为零。 这种不对称性可以简单地通过改变一个波导的宽度来实现。 经修改的装置允许在VOA的高衰减状态下具有非常小的PDL并且在关闭状态下在TOS中理论上完美的对比度，而在导通状态的PDL中仅有小的惩罚。
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公开(公告)号：US07261982B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-28
申请号：US10736295
申请日：2003-12-15
申请人： Barthelemy Fondeur , Anca L. Sala , Robert J. Brainard , David K. Nakamoto , Tom Truong , Sanjay M. Thekdi , Anantharaman Vaidyanathan
发明人： Barthelemy Fondeur , Anca L. Sala , Robert J. Brainard , David K. Nakamoto , Tom Truong , Sanjay M. Thekdi , Anantharaman Vaidyanathan
CPC分类号： G03F7/70466 , G03F1/50 , G03F1/70
摘要： The present application relates to a method of fabricating planar circuits using a photo lithographic mask set, to the photo lithographic mask set, and to a planar circuit fabricated with the photo lithographic mask set. The instant invention involves separating a photo lithographic mask into two parts, namely, a master mask and one or more slave masks. The master mask and the one or more slave masks form a photo lithographic mask set that is used iteratively to fabricate the planar circuits. In particular, the master mask is used as a template to provide the general layout for the planar circuit, while each slave mask is varied to tune and/or tailor the planar circuit. Since only a small portion of the planar circuit is redesigned and/or rewritten as a new mask (i.e., the slave mask), the instant invention provides a simple and cost effective method for optimizing planar circuits. Furthermore, since most mask errors will originate from the master mask, the instant invention provides an efficient method of correcting errors on planar circuits using the one or more slave masks.
摘要翻译： 本申请涉及使用光刻掩模组，光刻掩模组以及用光刻掩模组制造的平面电路制造平面电路的方法。 本发明涉及将光刻掩模分为两部分，即主掩模和一个或多个从属掩模。 主掩模和一个或多个从属掩模形成用于迭代地制造平面电路的光刻掩模组。 特别地，主掩模用作模板以提供用于平面电路的总体布局，而每个从屏蔽被改变以调谐和/或定制平面电路。 由于只有一小部分平面电路被重新设计和/或重写为新的掩模（即，从属掩模），本发明提供了一种用于优化平面电路的简单且成本有效的方法。 此外，由于大多数掩模错误将源自主掩模，本发明提供了使用一个或多个从属掩码来校正平面电路上的误差的有效方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20080292239A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：US12126176
申请日：2008-05-23
IPC分类号： G02B6/12
CPC分类号： G02B6/12014 , G02B6/12011
摘要： The invention relates to waveguiding structures in planar lightwave circuit devices that include a transition region between a slab waveguide and channel waveguides to reduce optical coupling loss. In particular star couplers and arrayed waveguide gratings incorporating the transition region of the present invention demonstrate reduced insertion loss. By creating a transition region composed of transverse rows intersecting the output waveguide array, where the rows have equal dimensions and the effective refractive index is controlled by increasing the spacing width gradually from row to row, an adiabatic transition is created from slab waveguide to channel waveguide array. This structure provides low insertion loss within practical manufacturing tolerances. In addition, the present invention has found that by incorporating the transition region of the present invention into an AWG, the reduced insertion loss can be controlled as uniform insertion loss across the channels.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及平面光波电路器件中的波导结构，其包括在平板波导和沟道波导之间的过渡区域以减少光耦合损耗。 特别地，结合本发明的过渡区域的星形耦合器和阵列波导光栅显示出降低的插入损耗。 通过产生由与输出波导阵列交叉的横向行组成的过渡区域，其中行具有相等的尺寸，并且通过逐行增加间隔宽度来控制有效折射率，从平板波导到通道波导产生绝热转变 数组。 该结构在实际制造公差内提供低插入损耗。 此外，本发明已经发现，通过将本发明的过渡区域结合到AWG中，可以将减小的插入损耗控制为在通道上均匀的插入损耗。
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公开(公告)号：US07440650B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-21
申请号：US11782419
申请日：2007-07-24
CPC分类号： G02B6/12019 , G02B6/12011 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3522 , G02B6/356
摘要： The present invention extends the concept of a standard array waveguide grating (AWG), which focuses each wavelength component launched via an input AWG to a Rowland circle inside a planar lightwave chip (PLC) where discrete waveguides are located, to one which focuses each wavelength component outside of the PLC chip along a straight line. An array of MEMS mirrors or other redirecting elements is positioned at the focus location for independently redirecting each of the wavelength channels back to any number of selected output AWGs formed on the same PLC chip as the input AWG.
摘要翻译： 本发明扩展了标准阵列波导光栅（AWG）的概念，该标准阵列波导光栅将通过输入AWG发射的每个波长分量聚焦到位于离散波导的平面光波片（PLC）内的Rowland圆，其聚焦每个波长 组件外部的PLC芯片沿直线。 MEMS镜或其他重定向元件的阵列位于聚焦位置，用于独立地将每个波长通道重定向回到与输入AWG相同的PLC芯片上形成的任何数量的选定输出AWG。
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28.发明授权Asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer having a reduced drive voltage coupled to a compact low-loss arrayed waveguide grating 有权具有降低的驱动电压的非对称Mach-Zehnder干涉仪耦合到紧凑型低损耗阵列波导光栅公开(公告)号：US07715671B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US11748036
申请日：2007-05-14
CPC分类号： G02B6/12026 , G02B6/12016 , G02B6/12019
摘要： The invention relates to an asymmetric Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) having a reduced drive voltage, coupled to a compact low-loss arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) to provide a broader passband with low ripple. The integrated device has a compact stackable design for improved manufacturing yield. Inputs and outputs of the device are disposed in alignment on opposite sides of a silicon chip with the MZI having an opposite curvature to the AWG. To achieve this alignment, waveguide arms of the MZI are crossed without coupling between them before the optical signal is combined and coupled into the AWG.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有降低驱动电压的非对称马赫曾德干涉仪（MZI），耦合到紧凑型低损耗阵列波导光栅（AWG），以提供具有低纹波的更宽通带。 集成器件具有紧凑的可堆叠设计，可提高制造产量。 器件的输入和输出在硅芯片的相对侧对准地布置，MZI具有与AWG相反的曲率。 为了实现这种对准，在将光信号组合并耦合到AWG之前，MZI的波导臂在它们之间交叉而没有耦合。
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公开(公告)号：US06526202B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-25
申请号：US09639837
申请日：2000-08-16
申请人： Barthelemy Fondeur
发明人： Barthelemy Fondeur
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011 , G02B6/12014
摘要： A grating is provided having a generally s-shaped waveguide configuration. The grating includes a plurality of waveguides arranged adjacent to one another to form an array. The array includes a first portion bending in a counter-clockwise direction, a second portion bending in a clockwise direction, and a third portion extending in a straight direction. The arc length of each waveguide along the counter-clockwise bend portion varies from one waveguide to the next. At its minimum, the arc length is nearly zero. The different arc lengths along the counter-clockwise bend cause some waveguides to be longer than others. This results in a clear separation of the individual waveguides. Further, the overall dimension of the grating is smaller than conventional devices which leads to reduced cross-talk.
摘要翻译： 提供具有大致S形波导配置的光栅。 光栅包括彼此相邻布置以形成阵列的多个波导。 阵列包括沿逆时针方向弯曲的第一部分，沿顺时针方向弯曲的第二部分和沿直线方向延伸的第三部分。 沿着逆时针弯曲部分的每个波导的弧长度从一个波导到下一个波导变化。 至少，弧长几乎为零。 沿逆时针方向弯曲的不同弧长使一些波导长于其他波导。 这导致各个波导的明确分离。 此外，光栅的整体尺寸小于导致串扰减少的常规设备。
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