摘要:
Methods for synthesizing acryloyl-based copolymers. The methods include providing a free radical initiator with a solution including monomeric repeating units, a chain transfer agent, and an organic solvent to form a reaction mixture, in which the monomeric repeating units include a first monomeric repeating unit having formula (1a), a second monomeric repeating unit having formula (1b) or (1d), and optionally a third monomeric repeating unit having formula (1c): in which the organic solvent is chosen from monoethylene glycol, ethanol, toluene, or combination thereof; and (B) initiating a polymerization reaction in the reaction mixture to polymerize the monomeric repeating units, thereby synthesizing the acryloyl-based copolymer. Methods for inhibiting formation of clathrate hydrates include contacting a fluid with the acryloyl-based copolymer synthesized in the reaction mixture.
摘要:
A zwitterionic monomer and corresponding cyclopolymerized polyzwitterion (±) (PZ) (i.e. poly(Z-alt-SO2). Phosophonate ester hydroloysis in PZ gave a pH-responsive polyzwitterionic acid (±) (PZA). The PZA under pH-induced transformation was converted into polyzwitterion/anion (±−) (PZAN) and polyzwitterion/dianion (±=) (PZDAN).
摘要:
A zwitterionic monomer and corresponding cyclopolymerized polyzwitterion (±) (PZ) (i.e. poly(Z-alt-SO2). Phosophonate ester hydroloysis in PZ gave a pH-responsive polyzwitterionic acid (±) (PZA). The PZA under pH-induced transformation was converted into polyzwitterion/anion (±−) (PZAN) and polyzwitterion/dianion (±=) (PZDAN).
摘要:
Cross-linked cyclocopolymers made up of one or more quaternary ammonium salts and sulfur dioxide as monomers. One of the quaternary ammonium salts is also an aspartic acid derivative. The cross-linked copolymers include a repeating unit with multiple chelating centers that different metal ions can bind to. The cross-linked copolymers are zwitterionic or anionic, and can be in either an acidic form or a basic form. A method for removing metal ions from an aqueous sample with these cross-linked copolymers is also described.
摘要:
A symmetrically substituted cationic monomer and its corresponding cationic polyelectrolyte (CPE) (+) bearing two identical (diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl pendent groups on repeating pyrrolidinium units. Phosphonate ester hydrolysis in (CPE) (+) forms a pH-responsive cationic polyacid (CPA) (+). The (CPA) (+) is converted under pH-induced transformation into a polyzwitterion acid (±) (PZA) or a polyzwitterion/anion (±−) (PZAN) or a polyzwitterion/dianion (±=) (PZDAN) or a polyzwitterion/trianion (±≡) (PZTAN).
摘要:
Copolymers having General Formula (I): in which R1 is chosen from divalent C4-C7 aliphatic groups and divalent C4-C7 heteroaliphatic groups, optionally substituted with one or more C1-C6 aliphatic groups, heteroatoms independently chosen from O, N, and S, or combinations thereof, where: the divalent C4-C7 heteroaliphatic groups include one or two heteroatoms independently chosen from O, N, and S, and the maximum number of heteroatoms in R1 is two; x is a molar fraction range chosen from 0.05 to 0.95; and y is a molar fraction range chosen from 0.05 to 0.95, where the summation of x and y equals 1. Methods for inhibiting formation of clathrate hydrates in a fluid capable of forming the clathrate hydrates. The methods include contacting the fluid with at least one copolymer of General Formula (I) under conditions suitable for forming the clathrate hydrates.
摘要:
An aminoalkyl imidazolines of the formula: having p-octyloxy-, p-dodecyloxy-, or p-octadecyloxy-phenyl pendants as hydrophobes, for use to mitigate mild steel corrosion. An electron-rich aromatic ring, in conjugation with an amidine motif, imparts increasing corrosion inhibition efficiencies with an increasing hydrophobe chain length. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the formation of an aminoalkyl imidazoline film on a metal surface prior to reaching a critical molar concentration.
摘要:
Cyclopolymers and N,N-diallyl methionine-based monomers or salts, solvates, tautomers or stereoisomers as corrosion inhibitors. A process for producing the cyclopolymers by Butler cyclopolymerization of the monomers in the presence of sulfur dioxide. In addition, a method for determining a percent inhibition efficiency of metal corrosion for the cyclopolymers and monomers as well as applications and methods for the cyclopolymers as coatings, compositions, and formulations for preventing metal corrosion.
摘要:
A zwitterionic monomer and corresponding cyclopolymerized polyzwitterion (±) (PZ) containing, on each repeating unit, both phosphonate and sulfonate functionalities. Phosphonate ester hydrolysis in PZ gave a pH-responsive polyzwitterionic acid (±) (PZA). The PZA under pH-induced transformation was converted into polyzwitterion/anion (±−) (PZAN) and polyzwitterion/dianion (±=) (PZDAN).
摘要:
The fuel cell membrane is a polymer electrolyte (or polyelectrolyte) membrane formed from a blend of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and phosphonated polysulfone in the ester form (PPSU-E), where the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) and the phosphonated polysulfone each form about 50 wt % of the polyelectrolyte membrane. The polyelectrolyte membrane is made by dissolving a mixture of SPEEK and PPSU in the ester form (PPSU-E) in dimethylacetamide (DMAc) at room temperature to form a solution. The SPEEK/PPSU-E mixture has a concentration of between about 10 wt % and about 15 wt % in the solution. The solution is then stirred and left to release air bubbles therefrom. The DMAc is then evaporated from the solution, leaving the resultant polyelectrolyte membrane, which is then washed and dried.