CMP conditioner, method for arranging hard abrasive grains for use in CMP conditioner, and process for producing CMP conditioner
    22.
    发明授权
    CMP conditioner, method for arranging hard abrasive grains for use in CMP conditioner, and process for producing CMP conditioner 有权
    CMP调节剂,用于配置用于CMP调理剂的硬磨料颗粒的方法,以及生产CMP调节剂的方法

    公开(公告)号:US07465217B2

    公开(公告)日:2008-12-16

    申请号:US11385297

    申请日:2006-03-20

    IPC分类号: B24B1/00

    摘要: Disclosed are CMP conditioners which can suppress microscratching of the surface of a semiconductor substrate and can realize stable CMP conditioner properties. The CMP conditioner according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a support member and a plurality of hard abrasive grains provided on a surface of the support member, wherein the plurality of hard abrasive grains are regularly arranged on the surface of the support member. The CMP conditioner according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises a support member and a plurality of hard abrasive grains provided on the surface of the support member, wherein the plurality of hard abrasive grains are arranged on the surface of the support member regularly and so as for the density of the hard abrasive grains to decrease from the inner side of the support member toward the outer side of the support member.

    摘要翻译: 公开了可以抑制半导体衬底的表面的显微纹理并且可以实现稳定的CMP调节剂性质的CMP调理剂。 根据本发明的第一方面的CMP调节剂包括支撑构件和设置在支撑构件的表面上的多个硬磨粒,其中多个硬磨粒规则地布置在支撑构件的表面上。 根据本发明第二方面的CMP调节剂包括支撑构件和设置在支撑构件的表面上的多个硬磨粒,其中多个硬磨粒定期地布置在支撑构件的表面上,并且 从而使硬质磨粒的密度从支撑构件的内侧朝向支撑构件的外侧减小。

    Dimer and trimer acid esters from epoxidized compounds and methods for their preparation
    24.
    发明授权
    Dimer and trimer acid esters from epoxidized compounds and methods for their preparation 失效
    来自环氧化合物的二聚体和三聚体酸酯及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US06274750B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-08-14

    申请号:US09119558

    申请日:1998-07-21

    IPC分类号: C07C5900

    摘要: Mixtures of dimeric and trimeric fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters and processes for their preparation comprising either A) epoxidizing an unsaturated or partially hydrogenated fatty acid glyceride; B) transesterifying the epoxidized glyceride with a C1-4 alkanol to obtain epoxidized fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters; and C) ring opening and dimerizing the epoxidized fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters; or A) transesterifying an unsaturated or partially hydrogenated glyceride with a C1-4 alkanol to obtain olefinically unsaturated fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters; B) epoxidizing the unsaturated fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters; and C) ring opening and dimerizing the epoxidized fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters.

    摘要翻译: 二聚和三聚脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯的混合物及其制备方法,其包括A)环氧化不饱和或部分氢化的脂肪酸甘油酯; B)用C 1-4链烷醇酯交换环氧化甘油酯,得到环氧化脂肪酸C1-4 烷基酯; 和C)开环并使环氧化脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯二聚; 或A)使不饱和或部分氢化的甘油酯与C 1-4链烷醇酯交换以获得烯属不饱和脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯; B)环氧化不饱和脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯; 和C)开环并使环氧化脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯二聚。

    Self-balancing recorder
    25.
    发明授权
    Self-balancing recorder 失效
    自平衡记录仪

    公开(公告)号:US4091389A

    公开(公告)日:1978-05-23

    申请号:US767517

    申请日:1977-02-10

    摘要: A simplified, compact, inexpensive portable self-balancing recorder to be used in the monitoring of data relating to pollution and/or environmental protection. The recorder is about 650 cubic centimeters in volume and weighs about 5 kilograms; it comprises a minimal number of constitutent components and may be operated without certain costly options (e.g. alarms and controls) if desired. The recorder uses printed circuit board circuitry to monitor and process input signals from the measuring points, and these components can conveniently and easily be removed from the recorder for adjustments or replacements. The recorder includes means for adjusting the ink pressure according to recording conditions and provides an inking system with an hermetically sealed pen point to prevent introduction of bubbles into the ink.

    摘要翻译: 一种简化,紧凑,便宜的便携式自平衡记录仪,用于监测与污染和/或环境保护有关的数据。 录音机体积约为650立方厘米,重约5公斤; 它包括最少数量的构件部件,并且如果需要,可以在没有特定昂贵选项(例如报警和控制)的情况下操作。 记录仪使用印刷电路板电路来监测和处理来自测量点的输入信号,并且这些组件可以方便地轻松地从记录仪中取出,以进行调整或更换。 记录器包括用于根据记录条件调节墨水压力的装置,并为油墨系统提供气密密封的笔尖以防止气泡引入墨水中。

    PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARDANOL
    29.
    发明申请
    PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARDANOL 有权
    生产CARDANOL的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20090281355A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-11-12

    申请号:US11911347

    申请日:2006-04-05

    IPC分类号: C07C37/74 C07C209/00

    摘要: A process for the production of a color-stable composition containing cardanol and cardol including (a) subjecting crude, cashew nutshell liquid to distillation to obtain a distillate: (b) reacting the distillate with boric acid to obtain a reaction mixture; and (c) subjecting the reaction mixture to distillation is provided. A method for the production of color-stable phenalkamines including (a) subjecting crude, cashew nutshell liquid to distillation to obtain a distillate; (b) reacting the distillate with boric acid to obtain a reaction mixture; (c) subjecting the reaction mixture to distillation to obtain a main fraction; and (d) reacting the main fraction with an aliphatic amine and formaldehyde to form a color-stable phenalkamine is also provided.

    摘要翻译: 一种生产含有腰果酚和卡波尔的颜色稳定组合物的方法,包括(a)使粗的腰果油液体经蒸馏得到馏出物:(b)使馏出物与硼酸反应得到反应混合物; 和(c)使反应混合物进行蒸馏。 一种生产色稳定性酚烷胺的方法,包括(a)使粗,腰果油液体蒸馏得到馏出物; (b)使馏出物与硼酸反应得到反应混合物; (c)使反应混合物蒸馏得到主要馏分; 并且(d)还提供了主要馏分与脂族胺和甲醛反应以形成色稳定的苯胺。

    Process for the preparation of dimeric fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters
    30.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of dimeric fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters 失效
    制备二聚脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯的方法

    公开(公告)号:US06281373B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-08-28

    申请号:US09081878

    申请日:1998-05-19

    IPC分类号: C11C100

    CPC分类号: C11C3/003

    摘要: Process for the preparation of dimeric fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters comprising the steps of A) reacting a soybean oil condensate obtained from the deodorization of refined soybean oil and which contains less than 30% by weight of free and esterified oleic acid based on the total weight of free and esterified fatty acids in said condensate, with a C1-4 alkanol in the presence of a zinc oxide catalyst to convert free fatty acids and fatty acid glyceride esters to fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters; B) removing excess C1-4 alkanol, volatile reaction by-products, water, and the zinc oxide catalyst from the resulting reaction mixture; C) heating the reaction mixture from step B) under vacuum to obtain a distillate of fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters; D) separating the distillate from step C) into a fraction containing mostly C16-18 saturated fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters and a second fraction containing mostly C16-18 unsaturated fatty acid C1-4 alkyl esters wherein the oleic acid C1-4 alkyl ester content is less than about 35% by weight thereof; and E) dimerizing said second fraction in the presence of montmorillonite clay.

    摘要翻译: 用于制备二聚脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯的方法,包括以下步骤:A)将由精制大豆油除臭得到的大豆油缩合物与基于总计的含有少于30重量%的游离和酯化油酸反应 所述缩合物中游离和酯化的脂肪酸的重量与C1-4链烷醇在氧化锌催化剂存在下将游离脂肪酸和脂肪酸甘油酯转化为脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯; B)除去过量的C 1 -C 4烷基酯, 4链烷醇,挥发性反应副产物,水和氧化锌催化剂; C)在真空下加热来自步骤B)的反应混合物,得到脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯的馏出物; D)分离 来自步骤C)的馏出物成为主要含有C 16-18饱和脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯的馏分和主要含有C 16-18不饱和脂肪酸C 1-4烷基酯的第二馏分,其中油酸C 1-4烷基酯含量 小于约35重量%; 和E)在蒙脱石粘土存在下使所述第二级分二聚。