摘要:
A switch device is disclosed, which comprises a mounting frame provided with a switch body or bodies, a reinforcing frame to be provided with a plate, placed on the surface of a building-forming material and threadedly fixed to the mounting frame, a decorative frame fixed integrally with or separately from the reinforcing frame, and a decorative surface sheet or sheets to be fitted into the decorative frame and attached to a switch-working portion or portions of the switch body or bodies and having an area larger than that of the switch body or bodies. A light display for indicating the on.off state of the switch is or are formed on the decorative surface sheet or sheets.
摘要:
Method for measuring the time dependence of an oscillating field gradient and representatively its integral function with respect to time for imaging method using the field gradient such as rapid chemical shift imaging method echo planar method, etc. A uniform specimen is placed within a coil of an NMR device, in which nuclear spins are excited; a phase encoding field gradient is applied thereto; and signals are sampled under application of the field gradient to be measured. These steps are repeated and an integral function of the field gradient with respect to time is obtained by using the peak position in the series of data obtained by this repetition.
摘要:
Disclosed is a spectrophotometer capable of achieving a good signal-to-noise ratio by improving the use efficiency of the amount of light emitted from a Xe flash lamp or other intermittent light source. Light having a desired wavelength is selected from the light emitted from the Xe flash lamp (1), which is a single light source having a wide wavelength range, allowed to pass through a sample (7), detected by a photodetector (21, 22), and supplied to a low-pass filter (24) in a signal processing circuit (23). The duration of the waveform of a signal output from the photodetector (21, 22) is extended by the low-pass filter (24), which has a time constant equivalent to the elapsed time required for the intensity of the light emitted from the Xe flash lamp (1) to decrease from a peak value to a half value and acts as delay means or other duration extension means. The signal having a waveform whose duration is extended is supplied to a computer (30) through an amplifier (25) and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit (26). As the signal having the waveform whose duration is extended can be used, it is possible to enhance the use efficiency of the total amount of emitted light and optimize the effect of signal-to-noise ratio improvement.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a capillary electrophoresis apparatus in which simultaneity can be ensured between sensitivity and data acquisition to decrease a pull-up signal while spectral data acquisition is eliminated in each capillary exchange. The invention relates to a capillary electrophoresis apparatus characterized in that a multi-bandpass filter is provided in an optical detection system. In one aspect of the invention, a signal detection area of a two-dimensional detector is divided into plural regions corresponding to wavelength transmission regions of the multi-bandpass filter. An integrated value of the fluorescence spectrum signal is determined in the region including a fluorescence spectrum peak of an analysis sample in the plural regions. The analysis is performed with the integrated value.
摘要:
In the conventional contaminant particle/defect inspection method, if the illuminance of the illumination beam is held at not more than a predetermined upper limit value not to give thermal damage to the sample, the detection sensitivity and the inspection speed being in the tradeoff relation with each other, it is very difficult to improve one of the detection sensitivity and the inspection speed without sacrificing the other or improve both at the same time. The invention provides an improved optical inspection method and an improved optical inspection apparatus, in which a pulse laser is used as a light source, and a laser beam flux is split into a plurality of laser beam fluxes which are given different time delay to form a plurality of illumination spots. The scattered light signal from each illumination spot is isolated and detected by using a light emission start timing signal for each illumination spot.
摘要:
A surface inspecting apparatus can inspect a smaller defect by using a PSL of a smaller particle size. However, the particle size of the PSL is restricted. In the conventional surface inspecting apparatus, therefore, no consideration has been taken as to how to inspect the defect of such a small particle size as is not set in the PSL which will be needed in the near future in an inspection of a semiconductor manufacturing step. The invention has a light source device for generating light which simulated at least one of a wavelength, a light intensity, a time-dependent change of the light intensity, and a polarization of light which was scattered, diffracted, or reflected by an inspection object, and the light is inputted to a photodetector of the surface inspecting apparatus. The smaller defect can be inspected.
摘要:
A surface inspection apparatus capable of acquiring scattered light intensity distribution information for each scattering azimuth angle, and detecting foreign matters and defects with high sensitivity. A concave mirror for condensation and another concave mirror for image formation are used to cope with a broad cubic angle. Since mirrors for condensation and image formation are used, a support for clamping the periphery of a lens is unnecessary, and an effective aperture area does not decrease. A plurality of azimuth-wise detection optical systems is disposed and reflected light at all azimuths can be detected by burying the entire periphery without calling for specific lens polishing. A light signal unification unit sums digital data from a particular system corresponding to a scattering azimuth designated in advance in the systems for improving an S/N ratio.
摘要:
The pattern defect inspection apparatus is operable to detect defects by comparing a detection image, which is obtained through scanning by an image sensor those patterns that have the identical shape and are continuously disposed on the object under tested at equal intervals in row and column directions, with a reference image obtained by scanning neighboring identical shape patterns in the row and column directions. This apparatus has a unit for generating an average reference image by statistical computation processing from the images of identical shape patterns lying next to the detection image including at least eight nearest chips on the up-and-down and right-and-left sides and at diagonal positions with the detection image being intermediately situated. The apparatus also includes a unit that detects a defect by comparing the detection image to the average reference image thus generated.
摘要:
A surface inspection apparatus capable of acquiring scattered light intensity distribution information for each scattering azimuth angle, and detecting foreign matters and defects with high sensitivity. A concave mirror for condensation and another concave mirror for image formation are used to cope with a broad cubic angle. Since mirrors for condensation and image formation are used, a support for clamping the periphery of a lens is unnecessary, and an effective aperture area does not decrease. A plurality of azimuth-wise detection optical systems is disposed and reflected light at all azimuths can be detected by burying the entire periphery without calling for specific lens polishing. A light signal unification unit sums digital data from a particular system corresponding to a scattering azimuth designated in advance in the systems for improving an S/N ratio.
摘要:
The pattern defect inspection apparatus is operable to detect defects by comparing a detection image, which is obtained through scanning by an image sensor those patterns that have the identical shape and are continuously disposed on the object under tested at equal intervals in row and column directions, with a reference image obtained by scanning neighboring identical shape patterns in the row and column directions. This apparatus has a unit for generating an average reference image by statistical computation processing from the images of identical shape patterns lying next to the detection image including at least eight nearest chips on the up-and-down and right-and-left sides and at diagonal positions with the detection image being intermediately situated. The apparatus also includes a unit that detects a defect by comparing the detection image to the average reference image thus generated.