摘要:
The present invention relates to compositions for water treatment based on biodegradable polymers containing repeating succinyl units, biocidal oxidizing agents and unsubstituted or substituted amidosulphonic acid, their use in, and the process for, conditioning water of cooling circuits.
摘要:
The invention relates to the use of polyaspartic acids and their mixtures with surfactants and emulsifiers for inhibiting or delaying deposit formation by sparingly soluble organic and inorganic components in the feed of a process that uses a membrane.
摘要:
The invention relates to the production of polyaspartic acid homo- and copolymers by biotechnological processes and to the use of the resulting products (for influencing the crystallization or agglomeration behavior of sparingly soluble salts or solids in aqueous systems).
摘要:
Polymers having recurring succinyl units are obtained by an improved process by reaction of A, an unsaturated C.sub.4 -dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, with B, a nitrogen-donating compound, in a first reaction step to give a reaction mixture comprising at least one low molecular weight reaction product, and subsequent continuous feeding of the reaction mixture into a continuously operated reactor to give the polymer in a second reaction step. In a further embodiment the invention refers to polymers having recurring succinyl units prepared by reaction of an unsaturated C.sub.4 -dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof with a nitrogen-donating compound in a first reaction step and subsequent feeding of the reaction mixture, without intermediate isolation, into an optionally continuously operated reactor, with removal of water, and treatment of the reaction mixture at a temperature of 140 to 350.degree. C.
摘要:
Textiles are washed with a liquid washing agent, softened water, and salts of at least one polycarboxylic acid. The polycarboxylic acids are present in part as sodium salt and in part as calcium or magnesium salt.
摘要:
N-Substituted cyclic imides are obtained by reacting a cyclic acid anhydride with an amine in the presence of a solvent and an acid catalyst at 80.degree. to 200.degree. C. and with removal of the water formed, it being particularly advantageous to carry out this reaction in the presence of a stabilizer and an inert, dipolar aprotic cosolvent, optionally to add an inert organic solvent of low or zero polarity to the reaction mixture present after the reaction, to add a non-aqueous base in an amount of 0.5 to 50% by weight, based on the cyclic anhydride of the formula (II) used, and to separate off the precipitate formed to give a filtrate containing the N-substituted cyclic imide.
摘要:
Molten maleic anhydride is introduced in the form of fine droplets at 53.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. and preferably at 60.degree. C. to 120.degree. C. into a gas atmosphere which consists either of pure gaseous ammonia or of a gas mixture of ammonia and at least one other gas and of which the temperature is between 20.degree. C. and 500.degree. C. The process is carried out at a temperature of 120.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. for the production of polysuccinimide and at a temperature of 10.degree. C. to 120.degree. C. for the production of maleic amide acid.
摘要:
A photographic silver halide material having a support and at least one layer which is deposited thereon and which contains a polypeptide, at least 90 mole % of which consists of structural units of formula I, ##STR1## where R represents OH, NH.sub.2, NHR.sub.1, NR.sub.1 R.sub.2, NH-- or NR.sub.1 -- R.sub.1, R.sub.2 represent a hydrocarbon radical, which is optionally substituted, R.sub.4 represents NH or N--, and m represents 0 or 1, wherein the bond between two structural units of formula I is always an --N--C bond and m is equal to 1 in 2 to 35% of the structural units of formula I, is characterised by improved photographic properties.
摘要:
Sulfonic acid group-containing polyaspartic acid derivatives, some of which are novel, having repeating units of the structures I and II ##STR1## in which ##STR2## are suitable for water treatment and as a detergent additive.