摘要:
An alternative method for efficiently producing lactic acids from a carbohydrate-containing raw material such as cellulose is provided. The method for producing lactic acid and/or lactic acid ester comprises performing heat treatment on a carbohydrate-containing raw material in a solvent containing a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is at least one type of compound selected from the group consisting of a tin compound, an indium compound, and a rhenium compound, and the solvent contains water and/or alcohol.
摘要:
There is provided a management system having a terminal device and a management server for managing terminal firmware of the terminal device. The terminal device includes: storing means storing the firmware to be capable of being updated by a user of the terminal device, and storing firmware version information to be incapable of being updated by the user; firmware updating means updating, on the basis of the version information, the firmware stored in the storing means with newer version firmware; and version information updating means updating the version information stored in the storing means with that of the updated firmware updated, and the management server includes: judging means judging, on the basis of the terminal firmware version information, a need or not to update the firmware; and transmitting means transmitting the newer version firmware to the terminal device if the firmware needs to be updated.
摘要:
A data processing apparatus is provided which is capable of improving the responsiveness of communication in which only a maximum of one access request source has write authorization and the other access requests do not have write authorization when communication is performed with a plurality of access request sources. A management apparatus transmits, to a secure application module (SAM), a strong connection request requesting the obtainment of write authorization into the SAM. When it is determined that the strong connection has not already been assigned to the other management apparatuses, the SAM assigns the strong connection to the management apparatus in a state in which a weak connection having read authorization with the management apparatuses is maintained.
摘要:
A data processing device able to keep a technique for generation of the key data in a key generating means secret from a developer of an authenticating means, wherein an authentication program has a description for calling up a function in a key generation program and entering identification data of service etc. input from an IC of an IC card as input parameters of the function and wherein a key generation program generates a key by using the identification data written at predetermined addresses as input parameters in accordance with the execution of a code on the basis of the authentication program.
摘要:
A method of processing information of an apparatus including first storage means for storing an encrypted application program and data, second storage means for loading a decrypted application program and data and execution means for executing the application program loaded in the second storage section, and controlling a reader/writer reading data from and writing data into a non-contact IC card by executing an application program. The method includes, in response to starting a first application program, reading data corresponding to a second application program different from the first application program from the second storage means; encrypting the read data; storing the encrypted data into the first storage means; clearing the second storage means; reading the encrypted first application program and data from the first storage means; decrypting the read encrypted first application program and data; and loading the decrypted first application program and data in the second storage means.
摘要:
A carboxylic acid polymer containing a carboxylic group and having at least one kind of bond selected from the group consisting of an amino bond, an ether bond, and a thioether bond in a side chain is prepared by polymerizing a monomer component containing a carboxylic acid monomer represented by General Formula (3): ##STR1## where Y.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom, an allyl group, or a --(CHR.sub.4).sub.c --W.sub.2 --(CHR.sub.5).sub.d --COOR.sub.6 group, each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, and R.sub.6, independent of the others, is either a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of a carbon number from 1 to 6, each of W.sub.1 and W.sub.2, independent of the other, is either an --NH-- group, an --S-- group, or an --O-- group, and each of a, b, c, and d, independent of the others, is an integer from 0 to 6. The carboxylic acid polymer has a superior metal-scavenging ability (chelating ability) and can be suitably used, for example, as a chelating agent.
摘要:
A printing apparatus includes an output unit for providing a printout by generating output information from input information received from an information processing apparatus, and a power consumption control unit for controlling power consumption of the entire printing apparatus by controlling electric power supply to the output unit based on information received from the information processing apparatus. An information outputting apparatus includes an output unit for outputting information to an output apparatus using a wire system or a radio system, and a control unit for controlling the output unit by switching between the wire system and the radio system in accordance with a transmission/reception relationship between an information processing apparatus and the output apparatus.
摘要:
An information processing apparatus for using key information calculated on the basis of predetermined information including information obtained from an IC chip as a communication party on the other end in order to perform encryption processing with the IC chip. The information processing apparatus includes: among a plurality of calculation modules for calculating the key information being individually different in accordance with predetermined algorithms, control means for causing the calculation module identified by identification information input from the outside to calculate the key information; and encryption means for encrypting data by the key information calculated.
摘要:
An encryption apparatus capable of effectively preventing encryption data from being illegally generated is provided. Based on apparatus identification data of an integrated circuit (IC), which is input from a computer, a secure application module (SAM) selects an encryption method from among a plurality of different encryption methods. Based on the code of the IC, the SAM selects plaintext data to be encrypted from among the plurality of different pieces of plaintext data. The SAM outputs encryption data such that the selected plaintext data is encrypted by the selected encryption method.
摘要:
An IC card chip performs payment processing in response to item purchase in accordance with a command generated and encrypted by a secure application module. The IC card chip decrypts the encrypted command, and reads information corresponding to the command. The IC card chip appropriately encrypts the read information in accordance with key information managed together with the secure application module, and sends the encrypted information to the secure application module via a cellular telephone or the like. The secure application module generates a command for controlling the IC card chip of the cellular telephone in accordance with a request from a content server. The secure application module appropriately encrypts the generated command in accordance with the key information managed together with the IC card chip, and supplies the encrypted command to the IC card chip. The IC card chip operates in accordance with the supplied command.