公开(公告)号：US20010052501A1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-20

申请号：US09553876

申请日：2000-04-20

发明人： John W. Sparapany ,  Richard P. Cardile

IPC分类号： C02F001/52

CPC分类号： C02F1/56 ,  C02F1/682 ,  C02F11/14 ,  C02F2103/001 ,  C08F220/56 ,  C08F220/34

摘要： This invention is directed to a method of clarifying water comprising adding to the water an effective clarifying amount of a low molecular weight water-soluble cationic dispersion polymer prepared by polymerizing one or more cationic monomers and one or more nonionic monomers and one or more chain transfer agents under free radical forming conditions in an aqueous solution of an anionic salt in the presence of a stabilizer polymer, wherein the cationic dispersion has a cationic charge of from about 1.0 mole percent to about 75 mole percent and an RSV of from about 0.2 dl/g to about 6 dl/g.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种澄清水的方法，包括向水中加入有效澄清量的通过聚合一种或多种阳离子单体和一种或多种非离子单体而制备的低分子量水溶性阳离子分散体聚合物和一种或多种链转移 在稳定剂聚合物存在下，在阴离子盐水溶液中的自由基形成条件下的试剂，其中阳离子分散体具有约1.0摩尔％至约75摩尔％的阳离子电荷和约0.2dl / g至约6dl / g。

公开(公告)号：US6077322A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-20

申请号：US909499

申请日：1997-08-12

申请人： Shih-Yung Shiao

发明人： Shih-Yung Shiao

IPC分类号： B01J13/00 ,  B63B25/08 ,  C02F1/68 ,  C10L1/32

CPC分类号： B63B25/082 ,  B01J13/0065 ,  C02F1/682 ,  C10L1/328 ,  Y10S210/923 ,  Y10S210/925 ,  Y10S516/925 ,  Y10S516/928

摘要： Methods and additive compounds for retarding the dispersion in water of bitumen-in-water emulsions, and in particular ORIMULSION, are disclosed. Methods include applied mixing at high speed and changing the pH of the emulsion. Additives include salts and flocculants.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于延缓水中沥青水乳液分散体的方法和添加剂化合物，特别是ORIMULSION。 方法包括高速搅拌和改变乳液的pH值。 添加剂包括盐和絮凝剂。

公开(公告)号：US5797700A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-25

申请号：US738671

申请日：1996-10-25

申请人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Max Leo Robbins ,  Salvatore James Pace ,  Cornelius Hendrick Brons

发明人： Ramesh Varadaraj ,  Max Leo Robbins ,  Salvatore James Pace ,  Cornelius Hendrick Brons

IPC分类号： C02F1/68 ,  E02B15/00 ,  C02F1/24

CPC分类号： C02F1/682 ,  Y10S210/924 ,  Y10S210/925

摘要： The present invention provides a composition for dispersing oil slicks comprising a twin tail surfactant or mixture of twin tail surfactants having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 may be the same or different alkyl or alkenyl groups; R.sub.2 is H or OH; and x is from 1 to about 20.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种用于分散油滑的组合物，其包含双尾表面活性剂或具有以下通式的双尾表面活性剂的混合物：其中R 1和R 3可以是相同或不同的烷基或烯基; R2是H或OH; x为1至约20。

公开(公告)号：US5490940A

公开(公告)日：1996-02-13

申请号：US225122

申请日：1994-04-08

申请人： James R. Bragg ,  Shan H. Yang

发明人： James R. Bragg ,  Shan H. Yang

IPC分类号： B01D17/02 ,  C02F1/68 ,  C09K3/32 ,  E02B15/04 ,  C02F1/28

CPC分类号： C09K3/32 ,  B01D17/0202 ,  C02F1/681 ,  C02F1/682 ,  E02B15/041 ,  Y10S210/924

摘要： A method is disclosed for removing spilled oil from shorelines, other solid surfaces, or from the surface of a body of water by adding to the surface a mixture of fine hydrophilic mineral solids dispersed in an aqueous liquid that interacts with the oil to form buoyant mineral fines-oil floccules. These floccules reduce the tendency of the oil to adhere to solid surfaces or to recoalesce, thus facilitating dispersion and removal of the oil.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于通过向表面添加分散在与油相互作用的水性液体中形成浮力矿物的细小亲水性矿物固体的混合物来从海岸线，其它固体表面或从水体表面除去溢油的方法 细粉絮凝剂。 这些絮凝剂降低了油粘附到固体表面或回收的趋势，从而促进了油的分散和去除。

公开(公告)号：US5385675A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-31

申请号：US81224

申请日：1993-06-25

申请人： Albert L. Vroman ,  Pamela K. Benner ,  Shelly A. Stedman

发明人： Albert L. Vroman ,  Pamela K. Benner ,  Shelly A. Stedman

IPC分类号： C02F1/68 ,  C02F1/40

CPC分类号： C02F1/682 ,  Y10S210/925

摘要： A method and composition for dispersing oil spills, wherein methyl benzoate and a surfactant is used to disperse the oil is described. In particular, the present invention relates to a method and compositions wherein the surfactant is a biodegradable detergent.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于分散油溢出的方法和组合物，其中使用苯甲酸甲酯和表面活性剂来分散油。 特别地，本发明涉及一种方法和组合物，其中表面活性剂是可生物降解的洗涤剂。

公开(公告)号：US5051192A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-24

申请号：US351985

申请日：1989-05-15

申请人： Alain G. R. Charlier

发明人： Alain G. R. Charlier

IPC分类号： B01D17/05 ,  B01F17/00 ,  B01F17/10 ,  C02F1/68 ,  C09K3/32

CPC分类号： B01F17/0085 ,  C02F1/682 ,  C09K3/32 ,  C02F2101/32 ,  Y10S210/925 ,  Y10S516/04

摘要： Compositions for dispersing oil slicks on water are disclosed comprising a solution of surface-active agents in a mixture of viscosity modifier, water, and hydrocarbon solvent. The surface-active agents are a mixture of emulsifying agents and a lower amount of wetting agent. The mixture of emulsifying agents comprising two blends, A and B, of sorbitan derivatives, blend A having an HLB of about 8.5 to 9.5 and blend B having an HLB of about 8 to 10 wherein the weight ratio of blend A to blend B is between about 0.5:1 and 4:1.

公开(公告)号：US4992213A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-12

申请号：US370823

申请日：1989-06-23

申请人： G. Troy Mallett ,  Edward E. Friloux ,  David I. Foster

发明人： G. Troy Mallett ,  Edward E. Friloux ,  David I. Foster

IPC分类号： C02F1/68 ,  C09K3/32 ,  C11D1/14 ,  C11D1/52 ,  C11D1/72 ,  C11D1/94 ,  C11D3/43

CPC分类号： C02F1/682 ,  C09K3/32 ,  C11D1/94 ,  C11D3/43 ,  C11D1/146 ,  C11D1/523 ,  C11D1/72 ,  Y10S210/925 ,  Y10S210/929 ,  Y10S516/01 ,  Y10S516/03 ,  Y10S516/04 ,  Y10S516/05

摘要： The invention relates to a composition which is designed to be used as a cleaning agent and oil dispersant. The composition has a number of active ingredients mixed with water. The solution provides for the use of such active ingredients as sodium lauryl sulfate, cocamidopropyl betaine, ethoxylated nonylphenol, lauric acid diethanolamide, diethanolamine and propylene glycol. Preferred compositions contain the following ingredients mixed in an aqueous base: from 0.02% to 2.25% by total weight of sodium lauryl sulfate, from 0.02% to 1.95% by total weight of cocamidopropyl betaine, from 0.002% to 0.25% by total weight of ethoxylated nonylphenol, from 0.04% to 4.25% of lauric acid diethanolamide, from 0.02% to 1.85% by total weight of diethanolamine and from 0.02% to 1.85% by total weight of propylene glycol.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种被设计用作清洁剂和油分散剂的组合物。 该组合物具有许多与水混合的活性成分。 该溶液提供使用如十二烷基硫酸钠，椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱，乙氧基化壬基酚，月桂酸二乙醇酰胺，二乙醇胺和丙二醇等活性成分。 优选的组合物含有以下成分混合在水性基质中：按月桂基硫酸钠的总重量计0.02％至2.25％，占椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱总重量的0.02％至1.95％，乙氧基化物的总重量的0.002％至0.25％ 壬基酚，月桂酸二乙醇酰胺的0.04％至4.25％，二乙醇胺的总重量的0.02％至1.85％，丙二醇的总重量的0.02％至1.85％。

公开(公告)号：US4978459A

公开(公告)日：1990-12-18

申请号：US305139

申请日：1989-02-02

申请人： Jan Bock ,  Gerard P. Canevari ,  Max L. Robbins

发明人： Jan Bock ,  Gerard P. Canevari ,  Max L. Robbins

IPC分类号： B01F17/00 ,  C02F1/68 ,  C09K3/32 ,  F02B3/06

CPC分类号： C02F1/682 ,  B01F17/00 ,  B01F17/0085 ,  C09K3/32 ,  F02B3/06 ,  Y10S210/925 ,  Y10S516/03 ,  Y10S516/04 ,  Y10S516/05

摘要： A method for dispersing an oil spill on sea water, which method comprises applying to the oil spill surface an effective amount of: (i) a blend of one or more hydrophilic and one or more lipophilic surfactants so balanced that they will form microemulsions with the sea water and the oil to be dispersed; (ii) a solvent which is miscible with the oil to be dispersed and in which the blend of surfactants is substantially soluble; and (iii) from 0 to about 10 weight percent water, wherein the blend of surfactants is such that it lowers the interfacial tension between the oil to be dispersed and the sea water to less than about 250 mdynes/cm when the blend is used at a treat rate of less than about 1 to 100 by weight, based on the oil to be dispersed, wherein the solvent is a hydrocarbon solvent selected from the group consisting of No. 2 diesel fuel oil, kerosene and white oil.

摘要翻译： 一种将溢油分散在海水上的方法，该方法包括向油溢出表面施加有效量的：（i）一种或多种亲水表面活性剂和一种或多种亲脂性表面活性剂的共混物，其平衡以致它们将形成微乳液， 海水和油分散; （ii）与要分散的油混溶的溶剂，其中表面活性剂的共混物基本上可溶; 和（iii）0至约10重量％的水，其中所述表面活性剂的共混物使得当所述共混物用于所述共混物时，将所述待分散的油和所述海水之间的界面张力降低至小于约250mdynes / 基于待分散的油，小于约1至100重量％的处理速率，其中所述溶剂是选自2号柴油燃料油，煤油和白油的烃溶剂。

公开(公告)号：US4502962A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-05

申请号：US416952

申请日：1982-09-13

申请人： Kenneth W. Becker ,  James R. Jackson ,  Gordon P. Lindblom ,  Marjorie A. Walsh

发明人： Kenneth W. Becker ,  James R. Jackson ,  Gordon P. Lindblom ,  Marjorie A. Walsh

IPC分类号： B01F17/10 ,  B01F17/00 ,  B01F17/34 ,  B01F17/42 ,  B01F17/52 ,  C02F1/68 ,  C09K3/32 ,  E02B15/04

CPC分类号： B01F17/0085 ,  C02F1/682 ,  C09K3/32 ,  Y10S210/925 ,  Y10S516/04

摘要： A hydrocarbon solvent-based dispersant formulation which combines heavy oil penetrability, activity on oil spills on either fresh or salt water, and the density and viscosity required for controllable aerial spray application is provided by the combination of sorbitan monoesters of C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 aliphatic carboxylic acids and polyoxyalkylene adducts thereof, polyoxyalkylene adducts of sorbitan triesters of C.sub.10 -C.sub.20 aliphatic carboxylic acids, and a water-dispersible salt of a dialkyl sulfosuccinate dissolved in an isoparaffinic hydrocarbon. The addition of a viscosity modifying solvent may be advantageous for adjusting the formulation to needs of specific aerial application procedures.

摘要翻译： 通过组合使用C10-C20脂族羧酸的脱水山梨糖醇单酯来提供结合重油渗透性，新鲜或盐水上的溢油活性以及可控空中喷涂施用所需的密度和粘度的烃类溶剂型分散剂配方 和聚氧化烯加合物，C 10 -C 20脂族羧酸的脱水山梨醇三酯的聚氧化烯加合物和溶解在异链烷烃中的二烷基磺基琥珀酸盐的水分散性盐。 加入粘度改性溶剂可能有利于将制剂调整为具体的空中应用程序的需要。

公开(公告)号：US4311832A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-19

申请号：US146055

申请日：1980-05-14

申请人： David L. Gutnick ,  Eugene Rosenberg ,  Igal Belsky ,  Zosim Zinaida

发明人： David L. Gutnick ,  Eugene Rosenberg ,  Igal Belsky ,  Zosim Zinaida

IPC分类号： B01D21/01 ,  B01F17/00 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/68 ,  C08B37/00 ,  C09K8/90 ,  C12P1/04 ,  C12P19/26

CPC分类号： C09K8/905 ,  B01D21/01 ,  B01F17/005 ,  C02F1/5263 ,  C02F1/682 ,  C08B37/00 ,  C12P1/04 ,  C12P19/26 ,  Y10S435/822 ,  Y10S516/05 ,  Y10S516/06

摘要： Growth of Acinetobacter Sp. ATCC 31012 on various substrates and under varying conditions has been used to produce two classes of extracellular microbial protein-associated lipopolysaccharides (the "emulsans") which, on a weight-for-weight basis, are probably the most efficient emulsifiers discovered and which possess certain characteristics that permit these unique extracellular microbial lipopolysaccharides to be widely used in cleaning oil-contaminated vessels, oil spill management, and enhanced oil recovery by chemical flooding. These classes have been named .alpha.-emulsans and .beta.-emulsans, both of which have substantially the same polymer backbone but differ from each other in certain important structural aspects. Deproteinization of emulsans by hot phenol extraction produces the lipopolysaccharide components (the "apoemulsans") of each of such emulsans, which components have been shown to be completely N-acylated and partially O-acylated heteropolysaccharides made up of a major amounts of D-galactosamine and an aminouronic acid, the O-lipoacyl portions of such apoemulsans containing varying percentages of fatty acid esters in which the fatty acids contain from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms. Base hydrolysis under mild conditions of the emulsans and apoemulsans produces derivatives (the ".psi.-emulsans" and "apo-.psi.-emulsans", respectively) which are completely N-acylated and partially to completely O-deacylated. Base hydrolysis under strong conditions of any of these products produces another derivate (the "proemulsans") which is completely O-deacylated and is partially N-deacylated. Emulsans and apoemulsans, both of which biopolymers are strongly anionic, exhibit a high degree of specificity in the emulsification of hydrocarbon substrates which contain both aliphatic and cyclic components. In addition, these extracellular microbial polysaccharides as well as their O-deacylated and N-deaclated derivatives are adsorbed on and capable of flocculating aluminosilicate ion-exchangers, such as kaolin and bentonite.