摘要:
The present invention relates to a method and hardware for estimating the frequency offset of a signal. The method includes obtaining samples of the signal at at least two instants in time, and utilising the samples in a mathematical equation relating estimated offset frequency to the samples, wherein the mathematical equation is derived based on the premise of a modulating signal with a complex frequency.
摘要:
Some improvements to the conventional algorithms for data aided frequency synchronisation in cellular systems are introduced in a new method executable by the user equipments of various standards, i.e. 3GPP CDMA-TDMA, FDD mode at 3.84 Mcps, TDD mode at 3.84 Mcps, TDD mode at 1.28 Mcps; CWTS TD-SCDMA; GSM/DCS/GPRS. The method begins to obtain the suboptimal frequency errors null{tilde over (f)}i using a well known formula which calculates the argument of the autocorrelation over a subset of the baseband samples of the detected training sequence. The errors null{tilde over (f)}i are stored into a shift register L-position long and averaged to obtain an estimated frequency error null{circumflex over (f)}i used for recursively correcting the reference frequency of the local oscillator, as: {circumflex over (f)}inull{circumflex over (f)}inull1nullKnull{circumflex over (f)}i where K (0nullKnull1) is a weighting factor. Contrarily to the simple averaged error of the prior art, a sign criterion is used by which the average is performed on the only terms having the most recurrent algebraic sign among the stored terms null{tilde over (f)}i. The content of the shift register is corrected after each non-null frequency correction by subtracting Knullnull{circumflex over (f)}i to all the stored terms null{tilde over (f)}i. Besides the frequency is corrected upon the following optional conditions, each other independents: The number of terms null{tilde over (f)}i having equal algebraic sign is greater than a constant null lower than L. The standard deviation null of the averaged terms null{tilde over (f)}i is lower than nullnullnullold, being nullold the null of the last non-null frequency correction, and null a constant null1. After a minimum number null of iterations between two non-null frequency corrections are spent, being null a constant comprised between 1 and L. According to another variant the iterations of the recursive update are subdivided into an initial group with a higher K value for achieving fast convergence and a subsequent group with a lower K for achieving the required accuracy (FIG. 13).
摘要:
A filter bank (10) and receiver including the filter bank (10) that is designed for processing a baseband signal of a received continuous phase modulated signal S(t) with an integer modulation index. The filter bank (10) has outputs for providing a plurality of decision variable values (d1,d2,d3,d4) each representing a likelihood value of a symbol, from a group of predefined symbols that are likely to be present in the continuous phase modulated signal S(t). The filter bank 10 has filter units (12,14,16,18) each having an impulse response determined by a complex main pulse containing a majority of signal energy of one of the predefined symbols that is likely to be in the continuous phase modulated signal S(t).
摘要:
A frequency estimator is provided for use in a receiver of packetized data. The frequency estimator determines the signal frequency error ({circumflex over (null)}o) with which a data packet has been received. It does this by relating data (gn) representative of some symbols to decisions (Sn) on those symbols. These symbols include not only training symbols (Nt) but also some information symbols (Nadd).
摘要:
Methods and systems for iterative demodulation of a message are provided. A first copy of the message is received to provide a first set of symbols associated with the message. A second copy of the message is received to provide a second set of symbols. The first copy is associated with a first interleaving pattern and the second copy is associated with a second interleaving pattern different from the first interleaving pattern. The first set of symbols and the second set of symbols are iteratively demodulated using extrinsic information associated with the first set of symbols for demodulation of the second set of symbols and extrinsic information associated with the second set of symbols for demodulation of the first set of symbols to provide a set of symbol estimates for the message. Transmit methods and systems for selective interleaving to generate the copies of the message in a retransmission based communication system are also provided.
摘要:
The invention relates to any receiver for MPSK (Mnull2n) modulation, in which an error correction device is used for correcting Tretter type frequency errors and, upstream of this device, a phase estimation device based on decisions made on the received symbols. When the frequency error is such that, based on a certain symbol, an error is made in the decision, this error is translated by a phase jump of 1 null null 2 n - 1 in the sequence of phase estimations obtained. The frequency estimation obtained is then inaccurate. A receiver according to the invention comprises means for calculating a phase sequence, called initial sequence, based on decisions made on symbols, and means for detecting and correcting phase jumps in this initial sequence, so as to supply a phase sequence, called final sequence, to said frequency error estimation means. Applications: Interactive data transmission systemnullnetwork head-ends.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for taking advantage of diverse signals. Trellis decoding takes advantage of multiple symbol noncoherent detection and diversity combining. Accordingly, combination of diverse signals effectively occurs pre-detection. Tracking loops are not necessary to set weights for each channel. In a QPSK embodiment employing a rate 1/2 convolutional code, an improvement in effective SNR of 1-3 dB may be achieved as compared with non-diverse reception.
摘要:
A receiver carrier synchronization apparatus and method for carrier synchronization with a received signal having a known data pattern preamble uses a "punctured" preamble for making carrier synchronization estimates thereby reducing the number of receivers required. The known data pattern preamble of the received signal is processed with a local reference signal and a differentiated replica of the known data pattern preamble to generate an error signal. The error signal is selectively sampled in the time domain in accordance with a puncture scheme, and the sampled error signal is used to generate the local reference signal in a closed loop. The received signal is processed with the local reference signal and a replica of the known data pattern preamble to generate a synchronization estimate signal.
摘要:
The present receiver includes a radiofrequency part (RF) coupled to a limiting amplifier (SL) which is in turn coupled to a demodulation means (DM) which recovers a digital signal from a received signal obtained by modulating a carrier signal with this digital signal. The limiting amplifier (SL) has an input-output characteristic which is substantially linear for smaller input signals and which strives with a decreasing gain towards a limit value for larger input signals. Due to this input-output characteristic smaller received signals are treated linearly up to the demodulation means (DM). The latter can therefore for these signals compensate for a specific spectrum shaping of the digital signal performed before the actual modulation. In this way the receiver will perform in a nearly optimal way resulting in low bit error rates. For larger received signals the limiting amplifier (SL) is non-linear and such compensation is consequently without effect resulting for these signals in a performance degradation. The Latter however is acceptable because these signals are naturally demodulated with less errors.
摘要:
A method for processing a signal modulated with information symbols to account for an additive offset and slope is disclosed. First, an initial estimate of offset and slope is made and hypotheses of all possible values of a sequence of one or more information symbols are then made. For each of said hypotheses, the associated data symbol sequence is used to make an improved estimate of offset and slope and the improved estimate of offset and slope are stored against each of the hypotheses. For each hypothesis, the improved estimate of offset and slope is used in calculating an expected signal value and a mismatch between a sample of the modulated signal and the expected value is computed. The hypotheses are then sequentially extended by one symbol, the slope and offset estimates are updated and the mismatches are accumulated to form a path metric value for each extended hypothesis, and resolving between said hypotheses based on said path metric values using a Viterbi Sequential Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation process to produce a most likely hypothesis of said modulated information symbols substantially unimpaired by said additive slope and offset.