Abstract:
A method for managing a battery with multiple battery cells is disclosed. The method includes monitoring parameters of the battery cells by an information acquisition unit. Parameters of the battery cells include individual cell voltages. The method further includes selecting, by a controller one of multiple charging modes in which the battery cells are charged according to the cell voltages. The charging modes include a constant current charging mode, a constant voltage charging mode, and a pulse charging mode.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for optical signaling. In one embodiment, a laser driver converts a digital voltage sequence to a current signal having a bias mode adjustable by a bias control and a modulation mode adjustable by a modulation control. A laser generates an optical signal responsive to the current signal of the laser driver. In one embodiment, a photo-detector receives an optical signal and generates a single ended current signal. A transimpedance amplifier circuit converts the single ended current signal to a differential voltage signal. A clock recovery circuit generates an aligned clock signal and a sampler circuit uses the aligned clock signal to retrieve a digital voltage sequence.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for optical signaling. In one embodiment, a laser driver converts a digital voltage sequence to a current signal having a bias mode adjustable by a bias control and a modulation mode adjustable by a modulation control. A laser generates an optical signal responsive to the current signal of the laser driver. In one embodiment, a photo-detector receives an optical signal and generates a single ended current signal. A transimpedance amplifier circuit converts the single ended current signal to a differential voltage signal. A clock recovery circuit generates an aligned clock signal and a sampler circuit uses the aligned clock signal to retrieve a digital voltage sequence.
Abstract:
A power supply system can include a primary power supply coupled to an output, and a secondary power supply coupled to the output. The primary power supply provides power to the output when a voltage level of the secondary power supply is less than a first predetermined level. The secondary power supply provides power to the output when the voltage level of the secondary power supply is greater than the first predetermined level. The secondary power supply not only provides power to the output, but also charges the primary power supply when the voltage level of the secondary power supply is greater than a second predetermined level that is greater than the first predetermined level.
Abstract:
Transgenic plants are provided comprising a plurality of transgenes comprised in a single locus. In certain aspects, 7 or more transgenes may be expressed from a first locus. Methods are provided for transformation of plant cells with a plurality of transgenes. Also provided are methods for expressing and enhancing the expression of one or more transgenes in a plant.
Abstract:
A laser driver for high speed interconnections may convert a digital signal to a current train of a bias mode to represent logical zero and of a modulation mode to represent logical one. An optical signal thus produced may include an optical offset. An optical receiver may include a photo-detector to receive the optical signal and generate a current signal, which includes a corresponding current offset. A first amplifier stage converts the current signal to a voltage signal and a second amplifier stage generates a digital output from the voltage signal. One or more low-pass filters may be used to filter the digital output and generate a filtered offset signal for a differential amplifier to generate an offset cancellation signal. The offset cancellation signal may be provided to offset cancellation circuitry to remove the current offset from the current signal generated by the photo-detector.
Abstract:
A voltage droop detector captures the very high-frequency noise on the power grid of a load, such as a microprocessor. The droop detector includes twin circuits, one of which receives the voltage from the power grid of the load, the other of which receives a filtered voltage. A 0th droop, as well as 1st droops, 2nd droops, and so on, are captured and stored for subsequent analysis. The circuits sample the voltages frequently enough to ensure that all droop events are captured. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
Abstract:
In one embodiment, a battery management system includes a charger controller for controlling a charging current of a battery according to a status of a load which is powered by the battery, and a counter coupled to the charger controller for determining a charging time according to such status. Advantageously, a first charging current is selected when the load is off. A second charging current that is less than the first charging current is selected when the load is on. Furthermore, a frequency of the counter is set to a first frequency when the load is off. The frequency is set to a second frequency that is less than the first frequency when the load is on.
Abstract:
In general, in one aspect, the disclosure describes an apparatus for shifting a low swing signal. The apparatus includes a first pair of transistors to receive a first input signal and a second input signal and to generate a first output signal that is a shifted version of the first input signal. The apparatus further includes a second pair of transistors to receive the first input signal and the second input signal and to generate a second output signal that is a shifted version of the second input signal.
Abstract:
Packet processing techniques that can be used, for example, by a network protocol off-load engine. For example, the techniques may be used in an engine that performs transmission control protocol (TCP) operations for received packets for a host.